This document defines and describes basic geometric shapes and terms including points, lines, planes, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, circles, spheres, cylinders, cones, and polygons up to an octagon. It provides the key properties that define each shape such as the number of sides, angles, parallel or congruent sides, and relationships to centers or vertices.

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2. Point It names a location and has no size.

3. Line (segment) A straight path that has no thickness and extends forever.

4. Plane A flat surface that has no thickness and extends forever.

5. Angle A figure formed by two rays with a common endpoint.

6. Perpendicular Lines Lines that intersect at 90 degree angles.

7. Parallel Lines Lines in the same plane that do not intersect.

8. Triangle A three-sided polygon.

9. Right Triangle A triangle with one right angle.

10. Pentagon A five-sided polygon.

11. Hexagon A six-sided polygon.

12. Square A quadrilateral with four congruent sides and four right angles.

13. Rectangle A quadrilateral with four right angles.

14. Trapezoid A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides.

15. Parallelogram A quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides.

16. Circle The set of points in a plane that are a fixed distance from a given point called the center of the circle.

17. Cylinder A three-dimensional figure with two parallel congruent circular bases and a curved lateral surface that connects the bases.

18. Sphere The set of points in space that are a fixed distance from a given point called the center of the sphere.

19. Cone A three-dimensional figure with a circular base and a curved lateral surface that connects the base to a point called the vertex.

20. Octagon An eight-sided polygon.

21. Oval A round plane where not all points have an equal distance to the center of the oval.