1. Between Wars Mr. Taylor World History

2. Postwar Uncertainty The postwar period is one of loss and uncertainty but also one of invention, creativity, and new ideas.

4. Theory of relativity — space and time are not constant

6. Claims human behavior not based on reason Revolution in Science

14. Suffering caused by World War I leads many to doubt old beliefs Thinkers React to Uncertainties Existentialism: no universal meaning to life Surrealism: art movement that links dreams with real life Jazz:music that captures new freedom Art & Literature

19. freer clothing

20. hairstyles

21. new careers Women

22. Automobile Airplanes • Lindbergh Radio Movies Technology

23. A Worldwide Depression An economic depression in the United States spreads throughout the world and lasts for a decade.

27. Fascism Rises in Europe In response to political turmoil and economic crises, Italy and Germany turn to totalitarian dictators.

29. Fascism Rises • Fascismis new, militant political movement • Emphasizes nationalism and loyalty to authoritarian leader • Italians want a leader who will take action • Fascist leader, Benito Mussolini, promises to rescue Italy • Italian king puts Mussolini in charge

31. Fascism Rises • Adolf Hitler—obscure political figure in 1920s Germany • Nazism—German brand of fascism • Hitler believes that Germany needs lebensraum, or living space • Germans turn to Hitler when economy collapses

32. 1. The 17th century was a period of great upheaval in Europe. The decline of feudalism, constant religious and territorial conflicts, and rebellions of overtaxed peasants led monarchs to seek absolute power. What political and social crises led to the rise of fascism in the 1920s and 1930s?

33. 2. Rulers can increase their own power by limiting the power of other institutions in society— the Church, representative government, the nobility, and political opponents. Absolute monarchs consolidated their power by limiting the power of the nobility, establishing royal bureaucracies and taking personal control of the central government, and bringing the Church under state control. How did Fascist leaders increase their own power?

34. 3. Absolute monarchs sought to control economic affairs by giving tax benefits to expand trade and manufacturing and by creating new bureaucracies to control economic life. How did Fascist leaders take command of their countries’ economies?

35. 4. In an effort to control every aspect of society and the lives of citizens, absolute monarchs regulated religious worship, social gatherings, and other aspects of daily life. What steps did Fascist leaders take to control the lives of their citizens?

36. 5. Absolute monarchs believed that the divine right of kings gave them authority to rule with unlimited power. What beliefs or principles did Fascist leaders use to justify their unlimited power?

37. Aggressors Invade Nations Germany, Italy, and Japan conquer other countries; the rest of the world does nothing to stop them.

44. Germany, Italy, and Japan—the Axis Powers— form an alliance

45. United States Follows an Isolationist Policy

46. Isolationism—avoidance of political ties with other countries

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