1. Cloud Computing Application
in
Libraries
Presented By:-
MS in Library and Information Science
Batch :2011 - 2013
Documentation Research and Training Centre
Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore

2. Facet Speaker
Overview Anurodh Kr. Sinha
Cloud Computing Sonali Kalani
Features and Issues Mayukh Biswas
Cloud Computing in Libraries Amit Kr. Shaw
Recent Trends and Conclusion Subhashis Das

3. Evolution of Computing
Mainframe Computer
Personal Computers

4. • Client-Server
• Web Era
• And the biggest thing since the web….

5. Cloud computing is a buzzword...
"The concept, quite simply, is that vast computing resources will
reside somewhere out there in the ether (rather than in your
computer room) and we'll connect to them and use them as
needed.“
- Jonathan Weber (The Times Online)

6. How much data?
• Wayback Machine has 2 PB + 20 TB/month
• Google processes 20 PB a day
• “all words ever spoken by human beings” ~ 5 EB
• NOAA has ~1.3 PB climate data
• CERN’s LHC will generate 15 PB a year
640K ought to be
enough for anybody.

8. Grid Computing
• Grids are collections of computer resources, owned by multiple
organizations, that are coordinated to solve a common problem.
• Its distinctive feature is that it can link machines owned by
different organizations.
Source: http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/grid/reviewf.php

9. Grid vs Cloud
Main Benefit Grids are on premise and Clouds are normally provided
owned by an organisation by vendors on as needs by
organisations
Resource Negotiate and manage Simple user-provider model ,
Distribution/allocation resource sharing ; schedulers pay per use
Domains Multiple Domains Single Domain
Character/History Non-Commercial , publicly Commercial
funded
Method for Computing Single Task is split into multiple Enable users to use difference
Task task and distributed to service without the need for
multiple computing machine investment in architecture ,
and then again reassemble also apart from computing
after completion of task other services can also done
like-web hosting etc.

10. Properties of Cloud Computing
• Transparency
• Scalability
• Intelligent Monitoring
• Security
Source: https://devcentral.f5.com/weblogs/macvittie/archive

11. Cloud Computing
-Sonali Kalani

12. Why Cloud Computing?
• Lower IT Costs
• “Pay for What You Use” Structure
• Multi-tenancy
• Mobility Incarnate
• Simplified Updating
• Fast, Easy Implementation
• Accessible Support Staff
• Decreased Down-Time

13. Source: http://www.business2community.com

14. Architecture
Source: http://computer.howstuffworks.com/cloud-computing/cloud-computing.htm

15. Deployment Models
• Private
• Public
• Community
• Hybrid

16. Private Cloud
• On-demand infrastructure owned by a single customer
(organisation) who controls the running of applications
• Organization owns physical resources and provides access
to users
• Good option for companies dealing with data protection
and service-level issues
• Examples of Private Cloud:
– Eucalyptus
– Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud - UEC (powered by Eucalyptus)
– Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud)
– VMware Cloud Infrastructure Suite
– Microsoft ECI data center
NIST Definition of Cloud Computing

17. Community Cloud
• Cloud infrastructure is shared by several
organizations
• May be managed by the organizations or a third
party
• Cost is spread over more users compared to private
cloud
• Examples of Community Cloud:
– Google Apps for Government
– Microsoft Government Community Cloud
NIST Definition of Cloud Computing

18. Public Cloud
• Infrastructure made available to general public
• Owned by organization selling cloud services
• Services are free or “pay per use”
• Almost a synonym for ‘Cloud Computing’
• Examples of Public Cloud:
– Google App Engine
– Microsoft Windows Azure
– IBM Smart Cloud
– Amazon EC2
NIST Definition of Cloud Computing

19. Hybrid Cloud
• Composition of two or more clouds (private,
community, or public)
• Bound together by standardized or proprietary
technology that enables data and application
portability
• Examples of Hybrid Cloud:
– Windows Azure (capable of Hybrid Cloud)
– VMware vCloud (Hybrid Cloud Services)
NIST Definition of Cloud Computing

20. Service Models
• Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
• Platform as a service (PaaS)
• Software as a service (SaaS)

21. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
• Most basic cloud service model
• Providers offers computers, as physical or virtual
machines, block storage, firewalls, load balancers,
like switches and routers, and networks
• Users install OS and application software
• User responsible for patching and maintaining the
operating systems and application software
• Example:
– Amazon Web Services
– Joyent
Source: Sun Introduction to Cloud Computing Architecture
(White paper)

22. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• Offers operating system, programming language execution
environment, database and web server
• Provides for every phase of software development and testing
• No need to buy and manage the underlying hardware and
software layers by the customer
• Can be specialized around a particular area like content
management
• Example:
– Google App Engine
Source: Sun Introduction to Cloud Computing Architecture
(White paper)

23. Software as a Service (SaaS)
• Delivery model in which software and associated data
are centrally hosted on the cloud
• Cloud infrastructure and platform on which the
application is running is managed by a service provider
• Based on multi-tenancy architecture
• Cloud providers install and operate application
software in the cloud and cloud users access the
software from cloud clients
• Example:
– Google mail
– SalesForce.com
Source: Sun Introduction to Cloud Computing Architecture
(White paper)

24. 6 Attributes of Cloud Services
Source: http://www.gartner.com

25. Features and Issues
-Mayukh Biswas

26. Issues-
• Security
• Reliability
• Ownership of Intellectual Property
• Data backup
• Data portability and conversion
• Multiplatform support

27. Pros-
• Scale
• Cost
• Advanced architecture
• Agility
• Elasticity

28. Cons-
• Security and privacy
• Cannot fix a bad architecture
• Interoperability and vendor lock-in
• Lack of control
• Standardization

29. Cloud concerns-

30. Standardization-
• Open Grid Forum
• Cloud Computing Interoperability Forum
• Distributed Management Task Force
• Open Cloud Consortium
• Cloud Security Alliance
• European Telecommunication Standard Group
• Organization for the Advancement of Structured
Information Standards
• Object Management Group

31. Standardization issues-
Source: http://www.dsp-ip.com/

32. Amazon Web Services-
• S3 – Simple Storage Service
• EC2 – Elastic Compute Cloud
• Mechanical Turk
• Simple Queue Service

33. Amazon Web Services-

34. EC2-

35. EC2-
Source: http://www.dsp-ip.com/

36. Eucalyptus
• Opensource developed by University of California,
Santa Barbara.
• Implements IaaS
• Compatible with AWS-EC2

37. Features
Eucalyptus will provide compatibility to the most
popular Amazon Web Services including:
• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
• Amazon Elastic Block Storage (EBS)
• Amazon Machine Image (AMI)
• Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)
• Amazon Identity and Access Management (IAM)

38. http://www.eucalyptus.com/

39. Benefits to Customers
• Access the ecosystem of tools designed for AWS, including
monitoring, cloud service management, and image management
• Move deploy and manage AWS-compatible your applications
between on-premise Eucalyptus environments and the AWS Cloud
• Take advantage of a common web services platform between AWS
and Eucalyptus Web Services supporting EC2, EBS, S3, and IAM
• Standardize application and usage policies using IAM for both
Amazon and Eucalyptus
• Satisfy regulatory and compliance requirements by using AWS and
on-premise Eucalyptus to keep private data in your own data
center.

40. Cloud Computing in
Libraries
- -Amit Kr. Shaw

41. Library services 1980’s(OCLC)
Source: http://www.oclc.org

42. 1990’s
Source: http://www.oclc.org

43. 2000’s
Source: http://www.oclc.org

44. Presently
Source: http://www.oclc.org

45. What if…
Source: http://www.oclc.org

46. Efficient storage of data in the cloud:
Common use data
Source: http://www.oclc.org

47. Efficient storage of data in the cloud:
Data by agreement
Source: http://www.oclc.org

48. Efficient storage of data in the cloud:
Private data
Source: http://www.oclc.org

49. Improved interaction
Source: http://www.oclc.org

50. More efficient and flexible workflows
Source: http://www.oclc.org

52. Why Cloud Computing in Libraries
• Cost effective
• Flexible and innovative
• Increase Storage
• Cloud OPAC and ILS
• Private, Public and Hybrid cloud
• More mobility

53. Libraries and Web-Scale
Source: http://www.oclc.org

54. Architecture of Cloud for Library

55. Access by All
Source: http://www.oclc.org

57. Examples
OCLC World Share Management Services
http://www.oclc.org/webscale/default.htm
University of Delaware, Library
http://www.lib.udel.edu/
Hathi Trust Digital Library
http://www.hathitrust.org/
OCLC World Share

58. Service providers of Cloud computing for
libraries
Polaris Library Systems
• Library Automation System
• It also provides standard acquisition and
processing system.
• The systems uses number of well know standards
like MARC 21 for bibliographic data, XML, Z39.50
for information retrieval, Unicode etc.

59. Dura Cloud
• Digital library services
• Its concern of the Duraspace which is a collaboration of the
Dspace digital library software and Fedora Commons
• It is available for all type of libraries and also for consortia
• It offers complete solution for digital library with standard
software and hardware solution
• It also provides open source code and the code needs to be
installed on your machine

60. Recent Trends and
Conclusion
- -Subhashis Das

61. Recent Trends

62. • Microsoft private cloud is a cloud service which dedicated to your organization
whether they exit on-premises or off-premises.
• Benefits ---Self-service, scalability and elasticity with additional control and
customization available from dedicated resource.

63. • It is a cloud storage and cloud computing service from apple Inc.
• It allows user to store data such as music, document, pic on remote computer
sever for download to multiple device such as mobile, pc, laptop, ipad etc.
http://www.apple.com/icloud/features/documents.html

64. Research Trends
• A number of universities, vendors and government
organizations are investing in research around the topic of
cloud computing.
• In July 2008,HP,Intel Corporation and Yahoo! announced the
creation of a global, multi-data center, open source test bed,
called Open Cirrus designed to encourage research into all
aspects of cloud computing, service and data center
management.

65. Open Cirrus is an open cloud-computing research testbed designed to support
research into the design, provisioning, and management of services at a global,
multi-datacenter scale.
• The open nature of the testbed is designed to encourage research into all aspects
of service and datacenter management.

66. Some library products in the cloud
The cloud enables more than just applications…
• Ebooks as cloud-based products
– Overdrive
• Allows patron downloads onto mobile devices
– 3M
• Also allows patron downloads onto mobile devices
-Google Books
• Allows user downloads onto Android-powered devices,
• -My Library Application
– HathiTrust
• Allows user downloads of public domain ebooks.

67. New vendor-based library services
• StackMap
– Allows patrons to view locations in the
library on their mobile devices
• Third Iron
– Browzine’s iPad app allows users to browse
current journal articles and download, save, and
share them

68. St. Paul Library debuts 3M's Cloud Library
for e-book lending

69. Cloud Computing In India
• NASSCOM research report entitled “Deconstructing the
Cloud: The New Growth Frontier for Indian IT-BPO Sector”.
• The study reveals that, cloud computing is expected to have a
significant impact on the services industry, in terms of
services offered, delivery mechanisms and business models.
The Indian market for cloud computing is expected to grow by
$16 billion in 2020
• In INDIAN Libraries, implementation of cloud computing is still
not done .But it can be proven beneficial due to its cost
effectiveness and effective service and thus can help to give
new outlook to Indian Libraries

70. Cloud Computing is the Wave of the
Future
 Convenience
 Software as a Subscription
 Reduced Software Maintenance
 Increased Reliability
 Security and backup
 Increased Scalability

71. Cloud Computing is the Wave of the
Future
 Cost Reduction
 Storage
 Environmentally Friendly/ Green Credentials
 Matches Current Computing Trends
 Portability/Accessibility
 Efficient Use of Computer Resources
 Version less Software and/or Universal access

72. Conclusion
• So Cloud computing is the one point solution to get
all updated software, Apps with low cost and less
maintain and without about data, document
scattering.
• Now is the time to look to the cloud for mobile
solution in libraries

73. References
1) http://www.climatecentral.org/blogs/data-storm-what-to-do-with-all-this-
climate-information/ (Accessed on 17/05/2012)
2) http://www.niallkennedy.com/blog/2008/01/google-mapreduce-stats.html
(Accessed on 17/05/2012)
3) http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/lhc/Computing-en.html (Accessed on
18/05/2012)
4) http://www.jamesshuggins.com/h/tek1/how_big.htm (Accessed on
18/05/2012)
5) Ian Foster, Yong Zhao, Ioan Raicu, Shiyong Lu.Cloud Computing and Grid
Computing 360-Degree Compared
6) Sun Introduction to Cloud Computing Architecture (White paper)
7) http://www.eucalyptus.com/ (Accessed on 18/05/2012)
8) http://www.dsp-ip.com/ (Accessed on 18/05/2012)
9) Dura Cloud. Available at http://duracloud.org/ (Accessed on 17/05/2012)
10) Fox, R. Library in the clouds. OCLC Systems & Services, 2009, 25(3), 156-
161.