ENBE final project

A PROJECT REPORT ON
“ The Built Environment”
TITLE OF THE PROJECT REPORT
“ The Sky-City”
For
Malaysian population
By
Peerun Bibi Ameerah
(0313939)
IN PARTIAL FULFLLMENT OF FOUNDATION PROGRAM
IN NATURAL AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
TAYLOR’S UNIVERSITY
(APRIL 2013)

Table of content
1. Introduction………………………………………….………1
2. Acknowledgment …………………………………………... 1
3. Summary/Abstract ………………………………..............…2
4. About city
4.a) Difference between city and Town…………………….3
4.b) what is a city made of?...................................................3
4.c) what make a city Grew?.................................................4
5. Comparison for the types of cities……………………………
5.a. Ancient City……………………………………...……5
5.b. Present and Future city………………………….…..6-8
6. Shape of the city………………………………………..……9
6.a) How do I became with the square zone…………..….10
6.b) How do I became with the star zone………...............10
7. The interior Design………………………………………....11
8. Zoning………………………………………………......12-13
9. Focus point of the city………………………...…….……...14
10.Activities………………………………………………..…15
11.Place of worship………………………………………..….15
12. Transportation……………………………………………..
12.a) Streets…………………………………………...…..16
12.b) Vehicles……………………………………………..17
13. Energy……………………………………………………..
13.a) Solar Energy………………………………………...17
14. Utilities and Amenities………………………………..…..18
15. How do they get and sustain their resources……………...18
15. Conclusion…………………………………………….….19

1-Introduction
To innovate is a never-ending process of man. The present modern world is almost
mechanized, and most of the tasks are computerized controlled by machines. Yet,
there are many drawbacks that prevail. The concept of future city is an example of a
nearly perfect city. The idea behind it is that the inhabitants dwelling there do not
face any sort of inconvenience.
2-Acknowledgments
This project is a golden opportunity for learning and myself development.
I consider myself very lucky and honored to have so many wonderful
people lead me through in completion of this project.
My grateful thanks to my tutorial lecturer Ms. Delliya who in spite of
being extraordinarily busy with her duties, took time out to hear, guide
and keep me on the correct path. Not only for this project but also for all
projects done in this semester.
I would also like to thanks Miss Norma and Mr. Wan by given us lectures
and tips in order to monitored my progress and arranged facilities to make
this final project easier. Even if they were not my tutorials lecturers, they
deserve my thanks.

3-Summary / Abstract 
This study was to:
-To expose the elements of the natural and built environment in their
basic unit, form and function.
-To show symbiotic relationship of the elements of the natural and built
environment.
-To question, analyze and articulate the impact between natural and built
environment
It was required to:
-To explain the different features of the natural and built environment by
studying the fundamentals such as natural topography, landscape, space,
building and infrastructure.
-To distinguish and compare the different progress of the built
environment by considering the natural topography, landscape, space,
building and foundation
-To examine and evaluate the different phase of the built environment by
looking at the natural geography, background, space, building and
infrastructure
Understand how to link ideas through observation and using different
means to represent information of the natural and built environment.

4-About City
4.a) Difference between city and Town
-Cities are larger than towns and more densely populated.
-The center of power mainly rests in the cities and not in the towns. Most
of the important administrative offices are situated in the cities.
- Well planned and have proper sanitation, drinking water, roads and
other modern services.
4.b) what is a city made of?
-Shelter (housing), food, and water
-Electricity for buildings and streets
-A safe way of dealing with the garbage
-Schools so that they can get an education
-Governments
-Transportation so that people can get from one place to another.
-Places for recreation such as museums, sports arenas, concert halls and
parks; shops so they can buy what they need, from clothing to food.
These are "services" available in a city.
Electricity needs electric lines, water needs plumbing cars and buses need
roads, schools need buildings and so on. These are part of a city's
"infrastructure".

4.c) what make a city Grew?
3 main things:
-Economic growth:
-Natural increase: a statistic of number of people born minus the number
of deaths. When the rate of “ natural increase” is positive its means the
population grows and so its contribute to the growth of a city.
-rural-urban migration: People moves in cities in order to a find a job and
have a better salary. We need to consider ALL the comfort provided by a
city. This migration participates to the growth of a city.

5-Comparison for the types of cities
5.a Ancient City
Ancient city is mostly about history and religion. Almost every city of
ancient time had an important site, a place of high importance that
represents the area. It can be a monument, a statue, or even a garden of
rare trees and plants. People of every standard lived at that time, the
richest, the aristocrats were dwelling in the most important part of the city
where most activities were taking place and as we go down the ladder the
people lived away from these sites. Most of the people worked as
merchants, traders, sailors and so on. One of the common activities of
ancient people was hunting. This is what we called feudalism.

5.b Present City and Future City
More than half of the world‟s population now resides in urban regions.
Almost everything is mechanized and is done to meet the needs of
citizens. Creaking, outdated infrastructure, cars clogging up the roads,
and buildings that are literally leaking energy not exactly illustrating the
picture of urban health. In addition to this, lack of public transport, a
shortage of green spaces, landfill sites. The state is even worse in
developing countries, with the poorest countries least equipped to invest
in the basic urban infrastructure such as water, sanitation, housing that is
needed to adjust with the fast growing urban populations. Unfortunately
there is no easy way for transforming a polluted, overfilled 20th century
city into a clean, free flowing, low-carbon emission in urban areas. Most
of the world‟s commanding cities have progressed over many decades,
such as London, New York, Paris and many more. Almost none of them
have been purposely organized. But planning, together with
modernization, investment and teamwork is exactly what is required
nowadays.
Innovators such as San Francisco, Stockholm and Copenhagen started
mapping the profile of greenhouse gas emissions and measuring
vulnerability to climate change in the 1990s. Many others are now
following suit. But to truly understand sustainability a city needs to
measure the wider impact of consumption: from food, to water, to
transport and beyond. The resulting „ecological footprint‟ calculates how
many planets it would take to sustain a place (or person) if everyone
adopted the same consumption patterns. The answer in a sustainable city
is one! The challenge of course, is to achieve this while at the same time
improving quality of life.

In the developed world, energy used to heat and cool buildings and
operate devices used within them is the single biggest reason for carbon
emission in cities. With 50-70% of current buildings likely to still be in
use in 2050, diminishing energy demand. Lighting only accounts for up
to 10% of a city‟s energy requirement. Technological advancements such
as the LED lighting will allow immense drops in energy usage.
Decreasing demand for energy will require substantial mass behaviour
alteration. Innovation like smart meters can make consumers much more
aware of the amount of energy they are consuming and how much that
energy is costing. New transport technologies provide the prospect of
low-carbon travel, which, merged with a change away from cars to public
transport, walking and cycling bring not only more eco friendly cities, but
also better public spaces and enhanced public health.
Shifting away from dependence on a centralized grid and installing
decentralized heat and power networks that use combined cooling, heat
and power (CCHP) technology goes a long way reducing dissipation of
energy. „Smart grids‟ offer another choice, letting energy providers to
supply all day long , for example by automatically decreasing the
temperature on washing machines during greatest demand.
Densely populated urban areas are less likely to be the perfect place for
large-scale renewable energy production. However, there are often great
opportunities for solar thermal and photovoltaic and many cities have
established solar energy programs during the past few years.

If it is easy to create a dream-team of interventions to reduce a city‟s
ecological footprint, it is much harder to draw them together into a
comprehensive, integrated plan that also meets societal and economic
Goals of delivering a better place to work and live. As the challenge of
sustainable development demands fundamental change to cities‟
infrastructure, there will be many instances where the cross-benefits of
emissions reduction policies are not immediately obvious, or where real
conflicts emerge with other policy aims. Sustainable development policy-
making has, therefore, to be conducted at the most holistic level possible.
In governmental terms, this means that responsibility has to sit across all
departments and report directly to the city administrator or Mayor.
The scale of transformation required to fashion revamped cities capable
of providing high quality living without destroying the planet for future
generations, in an incredibly short timescale of just a few decades, is
beyond anything humanity has had to cope with previously. Yet low-
carbon cities are feasible, if we can marry science, political will and
technological innovation.
Let‟s now take a look at some of the innovations that will shape our cities
in the future.

6-Shape of the city
The idea of the shape of the city is taken from Palmanova city, which has
a shape of a star.
To design the city I chose different type of design of stars and mixed
them together to find the final shape of the city. The city is divided into 2:
the square zone and the star zone
The Square Zone
The Star Zone

6.a How I became with the square zone:Transformation of the end
point of the star into a circular shape.
Sketch of Palmanova city Sketch of: “Sky-City”
6.b How I concluded with the star zone:Eliminate the end points of
the start and make it like a square.
A bridge joins the square zone and the star zone.

7-The interior Design
The interior design of my city is totally different from other cities,
because people prefer objects or things that are eye catching and of good
quality. For example a mother lovenewutensils, of good quality, beautiful
and cheap. As for as my city, as a Mayor I need to provide something
new, of good quality, beautiful and affordable to my population. People
always looks for the new, and after that, they look at the quality, then the
beauty of the overall and at the end if it‟s cheap are not.

8-Zoning
In the core of the city there will be the park and it will be surrounded, in
the vicinity, by many offices.
Many more basic services are found around the office's perimeter such as
education, security, health, justice, lodging and transport. Utilities
services such as Tenaga National Berhad, Syabas, Indah Water and TM
are located nearby the offices.
The residential areas are situated at the edge of the city.
Furthermore, in the center of residential areas there is a mini park for the
people living there and a local store.
My city is tailored for the Malays as mentioned in the city‟s requirement,
and according to a survey I carried out with my Malay friends and with
other people. I questioned them what is needed in a city and what is the
most important for them. With these information, I have put all the
important things easily accessible to the population.
Education 57
Shopping mall 77
Security 35
Health 66
Hotel 20
Government 11
Utilities 32
Court 5
Mosque 98
Temple 10
Church 13
Cemetery 1
Garbage 1
Recycle 3
Residence 56
Airport 7
Restaurant 82
Entertainment 85

Taking into consideration of this survey and according to the logic of
what people need the most, as a mayor I organized my city in this way:

9-Focus point of the city
The main attractive part of the city is the nature park, which has a
geometrical shape of a star. People admire stars at night when they shine;
similarly the nature park is a kind of star, which is admired by everyone.
The nature park is well known for its variety of endemic and medicinal
plants. Moreover due to its large size, it has been able to accommodate a
recreational center as well as a large field where yoga and martial arts
classes are offered.
As my city is an eco-friendly one, the population will see the nature part
of the city. Due to this busy world, people have become workaholics and
to unplug from this routine they need to spend some leisure time. The city
park will be the most preferred spot.

10-Activities:
-Restaurants
-Bars
-Library
-Spa
-Cinema
-Sports
-Nightclub
-Shopping
-Museum
-Theme park
-Tourism/ attractions
11-Place of worship
-Several Mosque around the city but contain a Big Mosque
-One Big Church
-One big Temple.
It’s the biggest Mosque of the
city, which has a historical
architecture. The mosque is use
to pray but also for religious
functions such as Eid. The
Mosque can contain thousand of
people at the same time.

12-Transportation
12.a) Streets
There are 3 categories of road networking namely the roads connecting
the offices to zones of facilities to allow people to move along.
To prevent being stuck in a traffic jam, people working on the facilities
zone make use of highway and those working at the offices will take the
2nd highway. There will be connective roads that link the first highway
and secondhighway. A bridge connects the square zone to the residential
area.

12.b) Vehicles:
Being an eco city, most vehicles are powered by solar energy. The road
will contain a straddling bus that will move all around the street. Where
cars can pass inside, to avoid causing traffic jam.
13-Energy
13.a) solar energy
As it is an eco city, everything is almost powered by solar energy and
hydraulic for buildings, cars, residences…that isbeneficial to the citizens
as it is economic and non-pollutant source. Therefore this will reduce the
cost of leaving and contribute to the well being of the citizens.
Solar energy car
Straddling Bus. Very
practical in order to avoid
traffic jam. And contain
evacuation for emergency
case.

14-Utilities and amenities:
Like other cities. Sky-city contains utilities such as fire safety (Bomba)
electricity (Tenaga national berhad in case of emergency because in
general the city only use Solar energy). To provide water there‟s Water
Companies such as Syabas, for Internet TM. And so on.
15-How do they get and sustain their resources?
Most of the vacant space of land near the residential areas are use to cultivate crops,
used as a source of food for the population.Furthermore, a part of the land will be
for a farm to rear animals.

16-Conclusion:
In a nutshell, my city being a floating one is able to provide everything
that a population needs.
By considering technology advancements, in 2050 the population is not
affected by financial problems, illnesses. The aim is that to make the
population live in a more advanced world, and keeping the city evolving
where the scarcity of basic need is unnoticeable.
Despite, being a flying city, it will stay connected and stay in permanent
contact with the rest of the world.Ultimately, it is an almost perfect city
of the future for Malay population.

Appendix
Overview of the city (Original Copy)

ENBE final project

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