1. UNIT 2 – THE ISLAM 2 nd of ESO – Rodriguez Marin Institute – Osuna (Seville)

2. What is the Islam? 2 nd of ESO – Rodriguez Marin Institute – Osuna (Seville) The word “Islam” has two different meanings 1. The religion preached by Muhammad in the 7 th century AD 2. The empire conquered by the Muslims in The 7 th and 8 th century.

3. Islam was born in Arabia , a vast desert area between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf The founder of Islam was….. … Muhammad

4. Muhammad Muhammad was a merchant from Mecca. He heard the call of Allah and preached a new religion, Islam . This religion was not welcome in Mecca and he had to flee to the city of Medina in 622 AD. This migration is called Hegira . the year 622 is the year zero of the Muslim calendar.

5. Do you know the name of the sacred book of Islam? Five obligations of the Muslims: The Islamic religious doctrine THE QUR'AN 1. Profession of faith 2. Pray five times a day 3.Pilgrimage to Mecca once in a lifetime 4. Fasting during the month of Ramadan 5. Alms (=limosnas) .

6. The diffusion of Islam Muhammad and his powerful army conquered the city of Mecca , and Islam spread in all the rest of Arabia . After Muhammad's death, the Muslim army continued conquering territories and the Islam became a great empire . Which were the most important Islamic cities in Europe at that time? Did the Muslim army conquer territories in Europe?

7. Islam in Europe One of the most important Islamic cities in Europe was this one: Other important cities were: Today, can you see any trace of Islamic civilization In the town and cities of Andalusia? Give the class an example (CÓRDOBA)

8. Traces of Islam in Andalusia For example, let's compare the following pictures: MARRAKESH (Morocco ) SEVILLA Are they similar or not? Where do you think these monuments are?

9. So we can say that... A trace of Islam in Andalusia can be found looking at the cities' ARCHITECTURE Islamic art typically doesn't include portraits of people or animals: it often uses geometric patterns to decorate buildings. Have you ever seen something like this here in Andalusia?

10. So we can say that... Here in Andalusia, we find traces of Islamic civilization in: - ARCHITECTURE - ART AND DECORATIONS (for example, in the typical azulejos ) -Which language did the first followers of Muhammad speak? They spoke Arab What other traces of Islam can we find?

11. THE END !