1. Miscarriage & Stillbirth

2. Miscarriage Loss of pregnancy before 20 weeks Many theories, few answers Single, one time miscarriages: Probably due to chromosomal abnormalities in early pregnancy, extra chromosome, missing gene

3. Recurrent Miscarriage (more than one) Less likely to be due to RANDOM chromosomal abnormality in the embryo Structural problems with uterus Blood clotting disorder Identifiable chromosomal disorder Hormonal imbalance Immune system malfunction

4. Stillbirth After 20 weeks….Stillbirth Causes: Cervical weakness Placental problems Preterm labor 24 weeks gestation is considered minimum for survival Some infants have survived at 21 weeks