This document provides an overview of visual principles for educational technology, including different types of instructional images, the importance of visual literacy, and elements of visual syntax and semantics. It discusses line drawings, illustrated drawings, sequenced drawings, comparative drawings, cartoons, caricatures, maps, posters, charts, flowcharts, and photographs. It also covers framing, angle, lighting, contrast, and other visual elements; defining and enhancing visual literacy; and using images to teach critical thinking skills.

1. TECH3008 Introduction to Educational Technology Dr. Alaa Sadik Department of Instructional & Learning Technologies www.alaasadik.net [email_address]

2. TECH3008 Introduction to Educational Technology Presentation Two: Visual Principles

3. Part One Types of Instructional Images

4. A simple representation of forms or objects by means of lines, curves and indicators to explain idea or show relationship. Line Drawing

5. A simple and attractive artwork that helps simplify concept or make an idea or relationship simple and clear. Illustrated Drawing

6. A simple drawing uses symbols, directions, keys and icons t o simplify an actual location or situation. Kroki

7. A group of pictures in a specified sequence that tell a story or illustrate a phenomena with titles and captions. Sequenced Drawing

8. A complex picture aims to explain the similarities and differences between two or more objects. Comparative Drawing

9. A simple comic drawing designed to tell a story and evoke emotions and consists of one or more frames with captions. Cartoon

10. A simple-lined humorous or satirical drawing that simplifies or exaggerates a person or event. Caricatures

11. A map is a simplified depiction of a space or specific region, which highlights relations between objects within that space with navigational aids and appropriate scale. Maps

12. A poster is a graphic advertisement aims to post a specific message quickly and simply in a public place. Posters

13. A chart is a visual representation of data ( using lines, bars, pies… ) that displays the relationship among variables, usually cast along x and y axes. Charts

14. Flowcharts A flowchart is a diagram consisting of a set of specified symbols ( rectangles, diamonds, circle.. ) and connecting arrows that shows step-by-step progression through a procedure, process or system.

15. Hierarchical Diagrams A way to organize or categorize data, people or things using levels of organization, moving from broader general categories to narrow specific ones.

16. Geometrical Figures A two- or three-dimensional drawing illustrates a geometrical concept or relationship using accurate measures.

17. Screenshots A screenshot is an image captured by the computer to record the visible items on the monitor or another visual output device.

18. A visual representation captured using ordinary or special optical or digital camera. Photographs

23. Part Two Visual Literacy

32. Part Three Visual Elements Syntax and Semantics

56. Discussions & Conclusions