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Crisis Cartography
Hacking to help disaster response and reconstruction

Andrew Turner
CTO - Esri R&D Center DC

aturner@esri.com




http://heorb.it/aag2013           @ajturner
Paper




     Digital
New Map Paradigms




                          Web

                                            Washington Territory Indian Nations & Tribes
http://heorb.it/aag2013         @ajturner                     data by OpenStreetMap
                                                                              LogMeIn
                                             (adapted from 1854 Lambert Census Map)
Printing, gunpowder and the compass:
   Internet, mobile phones and GPS:
   These three have changed the whole face
   and state of things throughout the world;    ”
                                      Francis Bacon




http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Neocartography




                                      Vizzuality - http://heorb.it/bicmap
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Spatial Decision making
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
flickr: gregorio



         Disaster as a Use Case       Hurricanes Katrina & Rita

http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Emerging Trends	
Hurricane Katrina
Realtime Decision Making
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Disaster Cycle

Business Cycle




http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
HAITI%&%Situation(Update
 31(January(2010



                                       3,725,615                                 people living in the areas affected by the earthquakes (est.)1                                                                         196,595                            injured2


                                         482,349                                 displaced2                                                                                                                             112,405                            dead2

Health Activities                                                        WFP Activities                                                          NFIs Activities                                                          WASH Activities
 Communes:      Leogane                                                  Communes:        Bainet                                                  Communes:                                                               Communes:
 Cabaret        Les Cayes                                                Grand Goave      Carrefour                                               Carrefour                                                               Carrefour
 Carrefour      Miragoane                                                Jacmel           Cité Soleil                                             Delmas                                                                  Cite-Soleil
 Cite Soleil    Petion-Ville                                             Jeremie          Croix des Bouquets                                      Jacmel                                                                  Croix-Des-Bouquets
 Delmas         Petit-Goave                                              Kenscoff         Delmas                                                  Leogone & Gressier                                                      Delmas
 Gonaives       Port-au-Prince                                           Leogane          Ganthier                                                Petion-Ville                                                            Gressier
 Gressier       Saint-Marc                                               Pétion-Ville     Gonaives                                                Petite Goave & Grand Goave                                              Jacmel
 Jacmel         Tabarre                                                  Port-au-Prince   Gonthier                                                Port au Prince                                                          Leogane
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Petion-Ville
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Petit-Goave
                                 Port-au-Prince                                                                                                                                                                           Port-Au-Prince




 Source: Health Cluster                                                  Source: WFP                                                              Source: Shelter Cluster                                                 Source: WASH cluster
Information on activities is based on best available data (contact lists, reports, tables and various materials distributed by the clusters) and is updated regularly. If your activities are not highlighted, please, report to ocha.haiti.im@gmail.com


         Health                                                                  Food                                                                     Shelter/Non-Food Items (NFIs)                                           Water and Sanitation

40,885 treated                     3
                                                                       2,000,000 in need of food                            6
                                                                                                                                                1,100,000 in need of shelter     500,000 in need of water10                                                             8



 3,201 surgeries performed                           3
                                                                         639,200 reached by WFP                                 7
                                                                                                                                                 692,000 in Port-au-Prince
                                                                                                                                                          people displaced
                                                                                                                                                                                 464,000 reached        11
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            9



   274 organizations                      4
                                                                            32% people reached                                                        591 improvised settlements      35 organizations            11                                               12



                                                                                                                                                       55 organizations                            10



Challenges:                                                             Challenges:                                                             Challenges:                                                             Situation:
- Growing caseload of diarrhea in the last two to three                 - While the overall security situation in Port-au-Prince                The main gaps and constraints for efficient site planning               For Thursday and Friday, the Wash cluster’s target was to
days, reports of suspected cases of measles and tetanus.                remains calm, crowd control at aid distribution points,                 and distribution of NFIs remain in coordination and                     distribute each day to 432,000 people in 133 sites. The
- PROMESS warehouse supplies are available; PROMESS                     especially during food distributions, remain a concern. On              sharing of information between partners (especially on                  provision of bottled water for public institutions
needs 2 to 24 hours to fill medicine/supply orders.                     27 January a food distribution activity conducted by                    NFI distributions) in order to avoid risks of duplication               continues in addition to the potable water distributions.9
- Priorities of the Ministry of Health include                          WFP/ACTED in the Martissant, Killik area (Carrefour) was                and/or absence of assistance in affected sites.12
post-operative care and rehabilitation of disabled people               looted by the crowd.                                                    Reference sources:                                                      9. OCHA. Situation Report No. 15. 29 Jan 2010.
and provision of medical services outside of                            - Logistics challenges9                                                 1. OCHA. Haiti Earthquake Flash Appeal 2010. 15 Jan 2010.               10. IOM. IOM and Partners Deal With Emergency Shelter Whilst
Port-au-Prince and at internally displaced persons sites.5                                                                                      2. Govt. Rapport de Situation no.9. 27 Jan 2010.                        Looking to Longer Term Solutions in Haiti. 21 Jan 2010.


                                              Current Disaster Maps
                                                                                                                                                3. OCHA. SItuation Report No. 16. 1 Feb 2010.                           11. IOM. Improving Conditions for Displaced in Haiti's Spontane-
                                                                                                                                                4. Health Cluster. 3W spreadsheet. 30 Jan 2010.                         ous Settlements. 25 Jan 2010.
                                                                                                                                                5. Health Cluster. Haiti Earthquake Bulletin No. 9. 28 Jan 2010.        12. Wash Cluster. Wash Cluster Update. 27 Jan 2010.


www.reliefweb.int/haiti http://ochaonline.un.org http://oneresponse.info/disasters/haiti/
                                                                                                                                                                                UN
                                                                                                                                                6. WFP. Haiti Emergency page. accessed on 29 Jan 2010.
                                                                                                                                                7. WFP. WFP Distribution Figures. 30 Jan 2010.
                                                                                                                                                8. UNICEF. Safe Water for Haitian Children and Families - YouTube.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Basemap sources: MINUSTAH GIS and UNCS, CNIGS.




             http://heorb.it/aag2013                                                                                                @ajturner
New Crisis Response




http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Citizen Expectations - (2012)

• Emergency social users are also most likely to seek and share information
  during emergencies. While they look for the hard facts—road closures,
  damage reports and weather conditions—they share personal information
  about their safety statuses and how they are feeling.
• Three out of four Americans (76 percent) expect help in less than three hours
  of posting a request on social media, up from 68 percent last year.
• Forty percent of those surveyed said they would use social tools to tell others
  they are safe, up from 24 percent last year."




                                 http://heorb.it/DisasterSurvey2012
http://heorb.it/aag2013             @ajturner
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
User-Centered Design




http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Users...

                           • Government and Agencies
                              • FEMA / UN OCHA
                              • Search And Rescue (SAR) teams
                           • Volunteer Technical Communities (VTC)
                           •    - helper (multilingual, anthropologist)
                           •    - developer
                           • Citizen
                              • technophile
                              • grandmother
                              • business owner




http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
NPR Site                  NWF Site


                                                          Web
                      LABucketBridade
          SMS                                                                                      Data Repositories
                                                                     Embed
                                                    RSS
                                         Atom
                                                          Site                              KML


           Emicus
                                CSV                                                          WMS         Imagery
                                KML
                                                Reporting Platform
           Ushahidi                                                                         KML
                                   API                                                                      Data
                                                                           Reports DB
        SMS Shortcode
                                                                                                        Swift River
                                                                                                         Filtering
                SMS          SMS




                                                                        NWF App
                                                           NPR App
           Other Public
                                                   branded                        branded
                                                                                                    brandable...


                                                                           Reporting
                                                                           'App Template'



         Gulf Spill “Oil Reporter”
http://heorb.it/aag2013                                @ajturner
Opportunities and Concerns with Map Design




http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
CrowdSource Data

 http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Familiarity of Interface
http://heorb.it/aag2013      @ajturner
http://heorb.it/pdxboom
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
SMS




                          Sensors'                     Spreadsheet
                           Feeds

                                                 KML




     Satellite'imagery




      UAV'imagery




http://heorb.it/aag2013              @ajturner
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
58

                                                  32




                                      is it the point or area?
                                      who is the volunteer?
Precision, Accuracy, Veracity         can we validate through volume?
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Hurricane Irene Gas Status         IMSOCIO

http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Crowd Source
                    Imagery Analysis
http://heorb.it/aag2013       @ajturner
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
‘Racerboi8 Problem’      http://geocommons.com/maps/190871


http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
On-Demand Mapping
CrowdSource Analysis




            Impact Analysis
Dynamic Data and
                    GeoCommons temporal brewer
Temporal Analysis
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Temporal Query       Allen Interval Algebra

http://heorb.it/aag2013        @ajturner
Implicit Data




http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Personal Tricorder
          560 million GPS enabled
                 handsets in 2012




http://heorb.it/aag2013             @ajturner
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
PaperNet




http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
http://safety-maps.org/



http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Grassrootsmapping.org
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Citizen Geography
http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Neocartography Research


 Visual Accuracy               Realtime




Mobile & Augmented           Temporal


http://heorb.it/aag2013   @ajturner
Crisis Cartography
Hacking to help disaster response and reconstruction

Andrew Turner
CTO - Esri R&D Center DC

aturner@esri.com




http://heorb.it/aag2013           @ajturner

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Crisis Cartography - AAG 2013

  • 1. Crisis Cartography Hacking to help disaster response and reconstruction Andrew Turner CTO - Esri R&D Center DC aturner@esri.com http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 2. Paper Digital New Map Paradigms Web Washington Territory Indian Nations & Tribes http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner data by OpenStreetMap LogMeIn (adapted from 1854 Lambert Census Map)
  • 3. Printing, gunpowder and the compass: Internet, mobile phones and GPS: These three have changed the whole face and state of things throughout the world; ” Francis Bacon http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 4. Neocartography Vizzuality - http://heorb.it/bicmap http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 7. flickr: gregorio Disaster as a Use Case Hurricanes Katrina & Rita http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 11. HAITI%&%Situation(Update 31(January(2010 3,725,615 people living in the areas affected by the earthquakes (est.)1 196,595 injured2 482,349 displaced2 112,405 dead2 Health Activities WFP Activities NFIs Activities WASH Activities Communes: Leogane Communes: Bainet Communes: Communes: Cabaret Les Cayes Grand Goave Carrefour Carrefour Carrefour Carrefour Miragoane Jacmel Cité Soleil Delmas Cite-Soleil Cite Soleil Petion-Ville Jeremie Croix des Bouquets Jacmel Croix-Des-Bouquets Delmas Petit-Goave Kenscoff Delmas Leogone & Gressier Delmas Gonaives Port-au-Prince Leogane Ganthier Petion-Ville Gressier Gressier Saint-Marc Pétion-Ville Gonaives Petite Goave & Grand Goave Jacmel Jacmel Tabarre Port-au-Prince Gonthier Port au Prince Leogane Petion-Ville Petit-Goave Port-au-Prince Port-Au-Prince Source: Health Cluster Source: WFP Source: Shelter Cluster Source: WASH cluster Information on activities is based on best available data (contact lists, reports, tables and various materials distributed by the clusters) and is updated regularly. If your activities are not highlighted, please, report to ocha.haiti.im@gmail.com Health Food Shelter/Non-Food Items (NFIs) Water and Sanitation 40,885 treated 3 2,000,000 in need of food 6 1,100,000 in need of shelter 500,000 in need of water10 8 3,201 surgeries performed 3 639,200 reached by WFP 7 692,000 in Port-au-Prince people displaced 464,000 reached 11 9 274 organizations 4 32% people reached 591 improvised settlements 35 organizations 11 12 55 organizations 10 Challenges: Challenges: Challenges: Situation: - Growing caseload of diarrhea in the last two to three - While the overall security situation in Port-au-Prince The main gaps and constraints for efficient site planning For Thursday and Friday, the Wash cluster’s target was to days, reports of suspected cases of measles and tetanus. remains calm, crowd control at aid distribution points, and distribution of NFIs remain in coordination and distribute each day to 432,000 people in 133 sites. The - PROMESS warehouse supplies are available; PROMESS especially during food distributions, remain a concern. On sharing of information between partners (especially on provision of bottled water for public institutions needs 2 to 24 hours to fill medicine/supply orders. 27 January a food distribution activity conducted by NFI distributions) in order to avoid risks of duplication continues in addition to the potable water distributions.9 - Priorities of the Ministry of Health include WFP/ACTED in the Martissant, Killik area (Carrefour) was and/or absence of assistance in affected sites.12 post-operative care and rehabilitation of disabled people looted by the crowd. Reference sources: 9. OCHA. Situation Report No. 15. 29 Jan 2010. and provision of medical services outside of - Logistics challenges9 1. OCHA. Haiti Earthquake Flash Appeal 2010. 15 Jan 2010. 10. IOM. IOM and Partners Deal With Emergency Shelter Whilst Port-au-Prince and at internally displaced persons sites.5 2. Govt. Rapport de Situation no.9. 27 Jan 2010. Looking to Longer Term Solutions in Haiti. 21 Jan 2010. Current Disaster Maps 3. OCHA. SItuation Report No. 16. 1 Feb 2010. 11. IOM. Improving Conditions for Displaced in Haiti's Spontane- 4. Health Cluster. 3W spreadsheet. 30 Jan 2010. ous Settlements. 25 Jan 2010. 5. Health Cluster. Haiti Earthquake Bulletin No. 9. 28 Jan 2010. 12. Wash Cluster. Wash Cluster Update. 27 Jan 2010. www.reliefweb.int/haiti http://ochaonline.un.org http://oneresponse.info/disasters/haiti/ UN 6. WFP. Haiti Emergency page. accessed on 29 Jan 2010. 7. WFP. WFP Distribution Figures. 30 Jan 2010. 8. UNICEF. Safe Water for Haitian Children and Families - YouTube. Basemap sources: MINUSTAH GIS and UNCS, CNIGS. http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 15. Citizen Expectations - (2012) • Emergency social users are also most likely to seek and share information during emergencies. While they look for the hard facts—road closures, damage reports and weather conditions—they share personal information about their safety statuses and how they are feeling. • Three out of four Americans (76 percent) expect help in less than three hours of posting a request on social media, up from 68 percent last year. • Forty percent of those surveyed said they would use social tools to tell others they are safe, up from 24 percent last year." http://heorb.it/DisasterSurvey2012 http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 19. Users... • Government and Agencies • FEMA / UN OCHA • Search And Rescue (SAR) teams • Volunteer Technical Communities (VTC) •    - helper (multilingual, anthropologist) •    - developer • Citizen • technophile • grandmother • business owner http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 21. NPR Site NWF Site Web LABucketBridade SMS Data Repositories Embed RSS Atom Site KML Emicus CSV WMS Imagery KML Reporting Platform Ushahidi KML API Data Reports DB SMS Shortcode Swift River Filtering SMS SMS NWF App NPR App Other Public branded branded brandable... Reporting 'App Template' Gulf Spill “Oil Reporter” http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 22. Opportunities and Concerns with Map Design http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 26. SMS Sensors' Spreadsheet Feeds KML Satellite'imagery UAV'imagery http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 28.
  • 29. 58 32 is it the point or area? who is the volunteer? Precision, Accuracy, Veracity can we validate through volume? http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 30. Hurricane Irene Gas Status IMSOCIO http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 31. Crowd Source Imagery Analysis http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 33. ‘Racerboi8 Problem’ http://geocommons.com/maps/190871 http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 35. CrowdSource Analysis Impact Analysis
  • 36. Dynamic Data and GeoCommons temporal brewer Temporal Analysis
  • 38. Temporal Query Allen Interval Algebra http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 40. Personal Tricorder 560 million GPS enabled handsets in 2012 http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 48. Neocartography Research Visual Accuracy Realtime Mobile & Augmented Temporal http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner
  • 49. Crisis Cartography Hacking to help disaster response and reconstruction Andrew Turner CTO - Esri R&D Center DC aturner@esri.com http://heorb.it/aag2013 @ajturner