The document summarizes an urban trail through Georgetown, Penang. Some of the key buildings observed along the trail include the City Hall of Penang, reflecting the Edwardian Baroque style with arched entrances. The Old Town Hall of Penang, located next to City Hall, has a simpler architectural style. Bank Negara Malaysia Penang exhibits characteristics of Brutalist architecture with its blocky and repetitive concrete design. The trail also passed the Penang Supreme Court building in Palladian style, St. John Anglican Church blending Georgian and Greek architectural elements, and the Penang State Museum housed in a colonial-era building.

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URBAN TRAIL
PENANG
GEORGETOWN AND BANDAR PERDA
NURUL AIDA NESA BINTI MI MUSTAFA 1016072
NURUL FAHMIRA BINTI RIDZUAN 1019286
NURUL JANNAH BINTI REDUAN 0920802
AHMAD HANAFI BIN AHMAD KAMAL 1018007
IDRISS SALEH DJOUMA

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THE DIARY OF OUR LOVELY URBAN TRAIL.
When we first arrived at Georgetown, we were dropped by in front of the Padang
Kota Lama of Penang. After a briefing about our location of our trails mapping,
we start to move in our group.
The first building we see is City Hall of Penang. City Hall of Penang clearly
reflects the Edwardian Baroque style of architecture. The building has arched
openings at the entrance with three small arches and two bigger arches. The
arches are decorated with repetitive basic motives along them and it seems
heavy.
The next building that we found is the Old Town Hall of Penang. It is situated
just adjacent to the City Hall of Penang. The entrance of the building consists
three small arches, and two bigger arches, same as the City Hall of Penang. But
the decoration around the arches of the entrance and the window is much
simpler compared to the previous building.
We crossed Lebuh Light Road and
we arrived in front of Bank Negara
which is situated just across the
road of the Old Town Hall of
Penang. The shape is rough and
blocky appearance gives the image
of Brutalist architecture for the
building. It is clearly show the
repetition of horizontal and vertical
elements. The material used shows
the typical Brutalist architecture
which is mainly uses concrete.
From Lebuh Light, we turn left and we enter the road of Jalan Masjid Kapitan
Keling. Here we see the two distinctive building which are Mahkamah Tinggi
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Pulau Pinang and St. John Anglican Church. Those two building situated at
Lebuh Farquhar. We choose to go inside the St. John Anglican Church first.
The moment we enter the church, we are fascinated with the most striking
feature of the church's architecture is the huge Grecian columns lined outside
the front entrance and remind one of classical Greek structures such as The
Parthenon, The Propylaia, the Temple to Athene and The Erechtheion. The
pavilion which sits in the lawn also resembles a Grecian air to the ambience. It is
a hybrid architectural style described as 'Georgian Palladium'.
We crossed the Lebuh Farquhar and we arrived at Mahkamah Tinggi Pulau
Pinang. It is placed at the opposite road of the Bank Negara Malaysia building.
It has lots of balconies and verandahs but
it were sealed off during later expansions
to create additional space. The building is
look like Palladian style with stately
columns and a domed chamber.
Next to the St. John Anglican Church,
there is schools name SK Hutching and
SMK Hutching. Both of them are primary
and secondary school respectively. It is a
typical architectural building as other local school.
We continue our journey to the next destination. Besides the school, there is
Penang State Museum. It is build in a colonial-era building. However, the type of
architectural style of the building is Greek architecture style.It is distinguished
by its highly formalised characteristics, both of structure and decoration. At the
museum courtyard,the original Penang Hills funicular railway carriage, anchor
from the French destroyer "Mosquet", cannon and the billboard of Penang
founder by Captain Francis Light can be seen.
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We are heading straight at Lebuh Farquhar, at
the lot corner, there is a church. Cathedral of the
Assumption is the oldest church in Penang. It
was founded in 1786 by Captain Francis Light.
The architectural style that has been applied at
the building is a colonial style.This is truly to be
said as the buidling has a symmetrical facade yet
may have side porches or sunrooms on either or
both sides. Other than that,the design element
also include classical columns, two-story
pilasters, quoins at corners, and palladian
windows.
From Lebuh Farquhar, we turn left
at the junction and then we are
welcomed to Love Lane Road. After
about 50 meter walking, we stopped
by at a beautifully decorated gate
with Chinese style. Literally, this
building gives a Chinese mood of
impression when we are in front of
the place. This is because of the
historical Chinese Gateway, which
was probably added when the
bungalow came under Chinese ownership and it has been conserved by specialist
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from China. However, once we enter the place, the whole building is actually the
Anglo Indian Bungalow. The architectural form of the Anglo Indian bungalow
goes beyond looks or façades, it is about the plan, social and cultural use and
function, orientation and material used for the building. The plain and white
façade is representing the British while the interior is more likely to be Indian
style.
We walk along the old lot shop. From what we observed, the owner of the lot
shops is mainly Chinese, and some of the lot shop are renovated and become a
motel. Some of them are still remain as old kopitiam. And the feelings when we
walk there, it is just some kind of peace and calm. It may be look old but nice
panorama.
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After some walking about 15 minutes, we arrived at The Goddess of Mercy
Temple. Luckily we are in the right time. Every Sunday morning, the Buddhist
will have their pray and the condition at the place is so alive. They burn some
colok and candle, and they are very concentrate with their prayers. The smells of
the burned colok remind us when in Chinese New Year. They believe that the
smoke will frighten away the evil spirit.
We were finished walking along our urban trail location which has been given to
us. But still we do not contented yet. Then, we walk straight until we arrived at
Lebuh Farquhar again. We walk there again, and we cross the road. There we
found a girl’s school named Convent Light Street. It is the oldest girls' school in
Penang as well as in Malaysia.
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Our journey comes to an end. At the end, we arrived at Dewan Sri Pinang. It is
situated just in front of Bank Negara building. The architectural style of this
building is look the same as Bank Negara because the appearance gives the
image of Brutalism Architecture. This is the style of modern architecture,
primarily in the 1960s, emphasizing heavy, monumental, stark concrete forms
and raw surfaces; may show patterns of the rough wood formwork used in
casting the concrete. Buildings in this style are often suggestive of massive
sculptures.
Then we reach Padang Kota Lama. We are really overjoyed with this urban trail.
Seems like we have the chances to know what does the World Heritage site
means. We can see the different style of building which we cannot see here in
Kuala Lumpur, because they are not really preserved like in this old town of
lovely Georgetown.
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Penang is a state in Malaysia that is located on the northwest coast of
Peninsular Malaysia by the Strait of Malacca. The architecture of Penang
reflects the 171 years of British presence on the island, combination of local,
Chinese, Indian, Islamic and other elements to create a unique and distinctive
architecture.
CITY HALL OF PENANG
The City Hall was opened 1903 while the Town
Hall was opened 1883. Construction for the Town
Hall began in 1879 and upon completion, Town
Hall served as the seat of the government. But
towards the beginning of the 1900's, several
renovations and additions were made to the
buildings following which the Town Hall was used
as one of the main venues for entertainment for
both local and European elites until it came to
disrepair and was finally placed under the
jurisdiction of the National Museum.
The City Hall of Penang clearly reflects the
Edwardian Baroque style of architecture. One of
the characteristics of Edwardian baroque style that
can be seen at this building is the entrance of the building has arched openings.
There are 5 arches, 3 small arches and 2 bigger one. It somewhat gives a
welcoming feeling to the people entering it and also brings out the grand feeling
to the building. The arches are decorated with repetitive basic motives along
them and it seems heavy.
Then, mini-domes which are typical to Edwardian Baroque style can be found at
the roof of the building. There are many small domes which is at the top of the
columns of the façade, and one dome which is bigger than the others. The biggest
dome is placed on the central taller tower-like element creating a lively rooftop
silhouette.
The colonnades of columns in the Ionic order and sometimes paired. This style of
architecture seems heavy in decorations and vertical elements. And mostly the
style is abundant with aesthetical element.
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THE OLD TOWN HALL OF PENANG
The next building that we found is the Old Town Hall of Penang. It is situated
just adjacent to the City Hall of Penang that have been told earlier. The Old
Town Hall was the oldest Municipal Building in Penang and its foundation was
first laid on 1st January 1879 by Lt. Governor Sir
Archibald Edward Harbord Anson. It was primarily
used as a social venue for the town’s European
community, also known as the European Club amongst
the local Chinese.
The architectural style of the building is also influenced
by the Edwardian Baroque style which is similar to the
earlier building. The entrance of the building consists of
5 arches, 3 small arches, and 2 bigger one, same as the
City Hall of Penang. But the decoration around the
arches of the entrance and the window is much simpler
compared to the previous building.
The column of the building seems to trying to replicate
the order, but it is designed in such way that the shape of the section is
rectangular. Even though the column is designed as such; the other
characteristic is very similar to the Edwardian Baroque style.
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BANK NEGARA MALAYSIA PENANG
The next destination for the
urban trail is the building of
Bank Negara which is situated
just across the road of the Old
Town Hall of Penang. The
building clearly reflects the
brutalist architecture which
flourished from the 1950’s to the
mid 1970’s. the design is typically
very linear, fortress-like and
blockish, often with a
predominance of concrete construction.
The shape of the building, which is associated with rough and blocky
appearance gives the image of brutalist architecture for the building. The design
mostly involves horizontal and vertical elements only. The repetitive angular
geometries, make the blocky appearance more stands out. The shading device for
the upper window, the column and the repeated shape before the flat roof of the
building clearly shows the repetitive elements.
Then, the material used shows the typical Brutalist architecture which is
mainly uses concrete. Although concrete is the material most widely associated
with Brutalist architecture, not all Brutalist buildings are formed from concrete.
It shows the Brutalist quality in terms of expression of its structural materials
and form of the building.
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MAHKAMAH TINGGI PULAU PINANG
The next destination for our urban
trail is the Penang Supreme Court. It
is placed at the opposite road of the
Bank Negara Malaysia building. the
courthouse was built to replace the
original courthouse which was
constructed on the same site in 1809.
The building was done in the
Palladian style and was inaugurated
in September, 1903. The building has
stately columns and a domed chamber. Originally, there were also statues and
emblems which have since been removed. Some of the balconies and verandahs
were also sealed off during later expansions to create additional space.
The Penang Supreme Court can
be clearly seen that the shape of the
building is symmetrical horizontally.
The design also has the values of the
formal classical temple architecture of
the ancient Greeks and romans. Some of
the characteristics are the repetitive
column of the building, and the roof
which has the triangular façade at the
top, mild decorations and domes at the
façade of the building.
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ST. JOHN ANGLICAN CHURCH
The St George's Anglican Church is the oldest Anglican church in Malaysia. It is
the main place of worship for the British colonial administrators in Penang. It is
located along Farquhar Street and it is one of the loveliest British colonial
heritage buildings within the core zone of George Town's UNESCO World
Heritage Site. It is on the route of
a George Town walking tour I
established for Penang Travel Tips.
Moreover, other than the colonial
architecture styles, Georgian style is
also presented by the South East
Asia oldest Anglican Church, St
George Church Penang. There is a
simple two story box, two rooms
deep that is using strict symmetry
arrangement.
The church in a hybrid architectural style described as 'Georgian Palladium'-
which is a combination of. 'Georgian', a style of architecture characteristic of
Kings George I and IV (1714-1830) and 'Palladium', named after the Grecian-
styled architectural works of a Roman named Palladius.
The most striking feature of the church's architecture is the huge Grecian
columns lined outside the front entrance and remind one of classical Greek
structures such as The Parthenon, The Propylaia, the Temple to Athene and The
Erechtheion. The pavilion which sits in the lawn also resembles a Grecian air to
the ambience.
As for the material used of the church, the brick structure has a solid plastered
stone base. The aforementioned pavilion was actually erected in 1886 to
commemorate Sir Francis Light. It is found a marble plaque framed by two
columns underneath the dome.
St George Church is one of the most beautiful heritage landmarks of Penang.
The original structural still remain as the passing of time.
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SK AND SMK HUTCHING
Reverend Robert Sparke Hutchings is the one who introduced the school of SMK
Penang Free. The reason of this school that is erected is because to place a
primary school and secondary school in one place. But however, it has separated
in a way to establish a primary school in order to remember the deeds of Rev.
Robert Sparke Hutchings and that is why the name of the school is SK
Hutchings.
It is a typical architectural building as other local school.
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ART MUZIUM PULAU PINANG
The Penang State Museum at Farquhar Street is housed in a colonial-era
building.It is to be built in two phases which are phase one in 189. When funds
were adequate, phase two was running in 1906.
The Penang State Government proposed setting up a state museum in 1962. The
idea was well accepted by the then Prime Minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman. A
working committee tasked with setting up the Penang Museum was set up in
1963.Finally, the Penang Museum
was opened to the public on 14
April 1965.
The type of architectural style of
the building is Greek architecture
style.It is distinguished by its
highly formalised characteristics,
both of structure and decoration.
At the museum courtyard,the
original Penang Hills funicular
railway carriage, anchor from the French destroyer "Mosquet", cannon and the
billboard of Penang founder by Captain Francis Light can be seen.
The fully air-conditioned museum is separated into 2 levels. The ground floor
offers historical insight of the lives of the three major communities which are
Malay, Chinese and the Indians.
As Penang is one of the first city that started from sea trade, this place has
brought myriads of multi-racial communities co-existing side by side thus
potrays different culture yet uniquely Malaysian.
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CATHEDRAL OF THE ASSUMPTION
Cathedral of the Assumption is the oldest
church in Penang. It has been sustain up to
160-year old. cathedral is a world heritage
church and was founded in 1786 by Captain
Francis Light. Set close to the Penang State
Museum & Art Gallery on Farquhar Street, the
twin-spired church houses the only pipe-organ
in Penang.
It was the first Roman Catholic church in
Malaysia’s northern region and was also the
first church in Malaysia built by the British. It
is not as popular as the Church of St. Anne’s,
which hosts the annual St. Anne’s Feast but it
is still a well-known Penang sight.
The rooms on the ground floor are particularly
interested in telling the story of the founding of
Penang, and the various communities that
came to settle there, between the late 18th century and the mid 20th century.
Experience the different cultures of the different communities, with the main
groups being the Malays, the Chinese and the South Indians.
The architectural style that has been applied at the building is a colonial
style.This is truly to be said as the buidling has a symmetrical facade yet may
have side porches or sunrooms on either or both sides.The building is rectangular
mass and be erected up to 2 stories building. The fenestration is double hung
windows with proportionally shutters.The entrance is at the centered and
accented with coliumns, pilasters, pediment and hooded to create a covered
porch.Other than that,the design element also include classical columns, two-
story pilasters, quoins at corners, and palladian windows.
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THE BOUTIQUE HOTEL 23 LOVE LANE
23 Love Lane Penang is a unique heritage property set within its own walled
garden right in the heart of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Georgetown,
Penang. The street is within Stewart Lane and Lebuh Chulia.
The buildings found behind the wall on Love Lane were actually built at
different times beginning from the 1800s. There are currently five different
architectural periods reflected in the buildings. This heart of George Town’s
building was originally a private residence owned by a European and later by a
local family. Along the way, it became the Oasis Hotel, until it was bought by the
present owner in 2007. A renowned conservationist joined the team of architects
and consultants and lovingly brought the buildings back to life in a three year
project. 23 Love Lane opened for business in December 2011.
Literally, this building gives a Chinese mood of impression when we are in front
of the place. This is because of the historical Chinese Gateway, which was
probably added when the bungalow came under Chinese ownership and it has
been conserved by specialist from China. Chinese traditional features are used
such as the compound ridge is delicately painted with rural scenes, the cut
porcelain pieces to make petals, feathers, and scales, phoenix’s wings and also
the Chien Nien figures for the column head.
However, once we enter the place, the whole building is actually the Anglo
Indian Bungalow. Anglo Indian Bungalows were prevalent in George Town from
the late 18th to the third quarter of the 19th century. This coincides with a
period when the South Indian community had a dominant presence in the
settlement. By the second quarter of the 19th century, the dominance was
gradually eroded by increasing influence of the ethnic Chinese communities.
According to the owner, the architectural form of the Anglo Indian bungalow
goes beyond looks or façades, it is about the plan, social and cultural use and
function, orientation and material used for the building. The plain and white
façade is representing the British while the interior is more likely to be Indian
style. The interesting part of this building is the outer look is definitely different
when we get inside. The sense of surprising and the cultural concerned through
this building makes the architecture values and history will not last.
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GODDESS OF MERCY TEMPLE
Temple of the Goddess of Mercy, or so-called Kuan Yin Teng, is one of the most
important temples in Penang. It is officially known as the Kong Hock Keong or
Temple of the Hokkien and Cantonese Communities, but that name is largely
unpopular among the locals. Kuan Yin Teng is located along Jalan Masjid
Kapitan Keling, formerly Pitt Street. Although far from being the biggest or most
ornate temple in George Town, it is the oldest and that makes it the mother
temple for the Taoists in the city. .
The temple is obviously represents the Chinese architecture where it is full of
Chinese ornamentation from the top to the bottom of the building. The yellow
stained walls of this ancient temple bears testament to some 200 years of pious
devotion of this building. The temple is constructed in accordance to Feng Shui
principles and it has three wells. One of them is on the right side of the main
shrine, another one is located outside the temple and the third is hidden under
the main altar of the Goddess of Mercy. The water from the wells is believed to
be able to cure illnesses.
The temple interior is usually filled with the scent of sandalwood incense, burnt
by devotees. The temple has the most interesting central inner courtyard, it is
where the alter for the god of prosperity is. In the courtyard are two huge iron
stoves where devotees burn paper offerings, an octagonal well which was once a
public well for the Chinese community as well as a comforting sight to view
feeding of flocking pigeons. The people usually will stand in the courtyard
between the alters and look up at the ornate carvings on the side of the roof to
feel the appreciation due to their beliefs.
The temple are built with characteristic of Chinese architecture and carved with
dragon and many mysterious creatures that stood up and act as the guardian of
the temple. Within the temple, in an inner chamber, is a statue of an 18-armed
Kuan Yin with each hand either containing a different cosmic symbol or
expressing a specific ritual position.
The tourists that already visited the temple will have the thought of how the
beauty of the historical culture can be. During the day, we will see the beauty
part of the architecture and soak in the sense of calm especially for Chinese.
While at night, the temple will be the most important area to the local Chinese
community to have their festivals and culture.
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MAHKAMAH SESYEN PULAU PINANG
Mahkamah Sesyen Penang is located at Lebuh Light, Georgetown Penang. This
historical building is actually an old aged nearly 100 years. It has been conserved
structurally in order to preserve the value of historical buildings in Penang.
This court is also one of the Anglo-Indian buildings in Penang. The plain and
white facade implements the British architecture and the features of the column
and openings are designed according to Indian architecture principles. This
enormous building creates a new landmark in the area. The great entrance with
such sculpture makes the building grand and welcoming. The style of formality
of its features exposed its function as a session court of the area.
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SK CONVENT LEBUH LIGHT
The Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus, universally known as Convent Light
Street, is the oldest girls' school in Penang as well as in Malaysia. Convent Light
Street was founded by three French nuns of the Holy Infant Jesus Mission,
Sister Gaetau, Sister Appolinaire and Sister Gregoire, who arrived in Penang in
1852. It was a perilous sea journey in which their Mother Superior did not
survive. In Penang they were joined by Reverend Mother Mathilde Raclot, who is
credited as founder of the over 80 convent schools in Malaya, including
CHIJMES of Singapore.
In the beginning, Convent Light Street also
functioned as an orphange, taking in unwanted
babies of every race and background. In addition, it
also functioned as a boarding school, and some of
the boarders are from the upper crust of society,
daughters of royal families and wealthy families
from as far as Thailand.
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DEWAN SRI PINANG
Brutalist architecture did not make
much headway in George Town,
Penang. The "cold" appearance, as
well as the fact that buildings of the
brutalist design do not weather well,
makes this style rather unpopular.
Same as Bank Negara, it also
portrays rough and blocky
appearance gives the image of
brutalist architecture for the building. The design mostly involves horizontal and
vertical elements only. The repetitive angular geometries, make the blocky
appearance more stands out. The shading device for the upper window, the
column and the repeated shape before the flat roof of the building clearly shows
the repetitive elements.
A style of modern architecture, primarily in the 1960s, emphasizing heavy,
monumental, stark concrete forms and raw surfaces; may show patterns of the
rough wood formwork used in casting the concrete. Buildings in this style are
often suggestive of massive sculptures.
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BANDAR PERDA, SEBERANG PERAI
Bandar Perda is a township being developed in Seberang Perai. When
completed, it is to cover a 456 acre (186 hectare) plot of land bordered by Jalan
Permatang Batu and JalanMuthuPalaniappan to the south, Jalan Permatang
Pauh to the west, Jalan Permatang Nibong to the north and Jalan Abdul Kadir
to the east. The name Perda is an acronym for Penang Regional Development
Authority.
The most visible landmark in the area is the Majlis Perbandaran Seberang Perai
(MPSP). MPSP is one of the combinations of Romanesque and post-modernism
styles of architecture in Penang. This building is characterized by the semi-
circular arches and the used of domes. Romanesque is somehow known by its
massive quality, thick walls, large towers and decorative arcading. MPSP clearly
do not implement the Romanesque entirely. It is the combination of modern and
the Romans architecture because modernist high-rise buildings had become in
most instances monolithic, rejecting the concept of a stack of varied design
elements and that’s express MPSP indirectly.
Bandar Perda is also known as the new built town in the area. Hence, there is
not so much development of buildings (high rise). The area has only developed in
terms of the residential and schools. When we go through the area, there are
about 4 to 5 blocks of 20 storey common apartments with simple architecture
style. It is however suitable for the location and climate of Malaysia with hot and
humid because even though it is high rise building, the use of pitch roof is
maintained.
Within the area, there are also primary and secondary schools that are function
to facilitate the residents of the area. The nearest market is only at the Dewan
Serbaguna Kondominium Mutiara which is only filled by several shops owned by
the residents there. The public hall consists of some Roman architecture styles
with Corinthian column exposed at the entrance.
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CONCLUSION
To sum up, there are various architectural styles to be seen around Georgetown.
Many types of buildings are erected according to its purpose.As a comparison
between the buildings in Perda with Penang, both of these places have its own
characteristics to be said. For example, the building in Penang have various
architectural style.This is because Penang was one of the states that being
conquered by colonizer. As in Perda,the buildings is more to modern building yet
trying to take some classical elements literally without reasons. This has lead to
plagrism and it is totally unacceptable. The buildings in Penang is well-arranged
while the building in Perda are scattered as it is still in developing phase. Other
than that, the building in Penang has its own soul to be appreciated while in
Perda the most of the buildings do not have its architectural value to be highly
appreciated. So,it is proudly to be said that the buildings in Georgetown has
many historical stories that ought to be remembered and inspired.
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