Bird orders

1. ‫الطيور‬ ‫تصنيف‬–‫الطيور‬ ‫رتب‬
BIRDS TAXONOMY – BIRDS ORDERS
‫أ‬.‫د‬.‫حسن‬ ‫حامد‬ ‫خالد‬
‫الزراعة‬ ‫كلية‬–‫ديالى‬ ‫جامعة‬
‫الحيوانية‬ ‫الثروة‬ ‫قسم‬
2012
Diyala University
College of Agriculture
Department of Animal Resources
Poultry Breeding
Prof. Dr.Khalid Hamid
Hassan

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Bird Classification
• 28 orders
• 9600 species
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

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Order Struthioniformes
• Large flightless bird
• Two toes
Comparison of a kiwi, ostrich,
and Dinornis, each with its egg
ostrich
Unlike other flightless birds, the ratites have no keel on their sternum—hence the name from the Latin ratis (for raft). Without
this to anchor their wing muscles, they could not fly even if they were to develop suitable wings.
Southern Brown Kiwi, Apteryx australis
Kiwi at around the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are by far the smallest living ratites and lay the largest egg in relation to
their body size of any species of bird in the world
The kiwi is a national symbol of New Zealand

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Order Pelecaniformes
• Gular sac
Back toe is connected to front toes by webbing.
Order Pelecanidae.
Dalmatian pelican
Pelecanus crispus
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

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Order Ciconiiformes
• Long legs for wading
• Long necks
the order Ciconiiformes has included a variety of large, long-legged wading birds
with large bills: storks, herons, egrets, ibises, spoonbills, and several others.
Ciconiiformes are known from the Late Eocene. At present the only family retained
in the order is the storks, Ciconiidae.

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Order Anseriformes
• Flat bill
• Webbed feet
The order Anseriformes contains about 150 living species of birds in three extant
families: the Anhimidae (the screamers), Anseranatidae (the Magpie Goose), and
the Anatidae, which includes over 140 species of waterfowl, among them the
ducks, geese, and swans.
Magpie Goose
(Anseranas semipalmata)
Crested Screamer
(Chauna torquata)

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Order Falconiformes
• Hooked bill
• Talons
• Eagle
• Hawk
• Falcon
The order Falconiformes is a group of about 290 species of birds that comprises
the diurnal birds of prey.
Falconiformes have strong legs and feet with raptorial claws and an opposable hind
claw. Almost all Falconiformes are carnivorous, hunting by sight during the day or at
twilight. They are exceptionally long-lived, and most have low reproductive rates.

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Order Passeriformes
• Perching foot
• Songbirds
• 5000 species
• Mocking bird
• Thrushes
• Swallows
• Magpie
• Crow
• Starling
• Jays
A passerine is a bird of the order Passeriformes, which includes more than half of
all bird species. Sometimes known as perching birds or, less accurately, as
songbirds, the passerines form one of the most diverse terrestrial vertebrate
orders: with over 5,000 identified species,
Striated Pardalote (Pardalotus striatus)

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Order Columbiformes
• Short neck
• Short legs
• Pigeons
• Doves
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks, and have short
slender bills with a fleshy cere. The species commonly referred to just as "pigeon"
pigeons and doves exhibit considerable variations in size. The largest species
is the crowned pigeon of New Guinea, which is nearly turkey-sized, at a weight
of 2-4 kg (4.4-8.8 lb)
crowned pigeon
The Common Ground Dove
is among the smallest
species in the family.
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

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Order Strigiformes
• Large eyes
• Silent flight
• Nocturnal
predator
• Owls
the order Strigiformes, constituting 200 extant
bird of prey species. Most are solitary and
nocturnal, with some exceptions (e.g., the
Northern Hawk Owl). Owls hunt mostly small
mammals, insects, and other birds
Most owls share an innate ability to fly almost
silently and also more slowly in comparison to
other birds of prey.

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Order Apodiformes
• Small bird
• Rapid wingbeat
• Hummingbirds
order Apodiformes contained three living
families: the swifts (Apodidae), the tree swifts
(Hemiprocnidae), and the hummingbirds
(Trochilidae).
With nearly 450 species identified to date,
they are the most diverse order of birds after
the passerines.
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

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Order Galliformes
• Chicken like
• Strong beaks
• Heavy feet
• Chicken
• Turkey
• Pheasants
• Quail
Galliformes are an order of heavy-bodied ground-feeding birds,
containing turkey, grouse, chicken, New and Old World quail,
ptarmigan, partridge, pheasant, and the Cracidae. Common
names are gamefowl or gamebirds, landfowl, gallinaceous
birds or galliforms.

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This group has about 290 species, one or more of which are found in essentially
every part of the world's continents
This order contains five families: Phasianidae (including chicken, quail,
partridges, pheasants, turkeys, and grouse), Odontophoridae (New World quails),
Numididae (guinea fowl), Cracidae (including chachalacas and currasows), and
Megapodiidae (incubator birds like mallee fowl and brush-turkeys).
All are skilled runners that can fly only a few hundred feet when escaping danger
Grouse are heavily built like other Galliformes such as
chickens. They range in length from 31 cm (12 in) to 95 cm
(37 in), in weight from 0.3 kg (11 oz) to 6.5 kg (14 lb).
Male Sage Grouse
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

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ptarmigan
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

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he chachalacas, guans and curassows
are birds in the family Cracidae.
Spix's Guan, Penelope jacquacu
Cracids are large birds, similar in general
appearance to turkeys. The guans and
curassows live in trees, but the smaller
chachalacas are found in more open
scrubby habitats
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

16. 16

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Order Charadriiformes
• Short bill
• Strong fliers
• Shorebirds
• Gulls
Charadriiformes is a diverse order of small to medium-
large birds. It includes about 350 species and has members
in all parts of the world. Most Charadriiformes live near
water and eat invertebrates or other small animals
Masked Lapwing
(Vanellus miles)

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Order Psittaciformes
• Thick tongue
• Hinged and
movable upper beak
• Bright colors
• Parrots
• Parakeets
The order is subdivided into three superfamilies: the
Psittacoidea ('true' parrots), the Cacatuoidea (cockatoos)
and the Strigopoidea (New Zealand parrots)
A Blue-and-yellow Macaw flying
cockatoosNew Zealand parrot

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Order Piciformes
• Two toes forward and
two toes backward
• woodpeckers
The Piciformes contain about 67 living genera
with a little over 400 species,
Male Red-bellied Woodpecker,
Nearly all Piciformes have parrot-like zygodactyl
feet—two toes forward and two back, an
arrangement that has obvious advantages for
birds that spend much of their time on tree trunks.
An exception are a few species of three-toed
woodpeckers.
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

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Order Sphenisciformes
• Webbed feet
• Wings as used for
swimming
• penquins
Penguins (order Sphenisciformes, family
Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic,
flightless birds living almost exclusively in the
southern hemisphere, especially in Antarctica.
Highly adapted for life in the water
Gentoo Penguin,
Pygoscelis papua

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Order Pelecanidae
The bills, pouches and bare facial skin of
all species become brightly coloured
before the breeding season. The eight
living pelican species have a patchy global
distribution
A Great White Pelican in breeding
condition flying in Walvis Bay, Namibia
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

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Order Procellariiformes
Cape Petrel Daption capense
Procellariiformes is an order of seabirds
that comprises four families: the
albatrosses, petrels and shearwaters,
storm petrels, and diving petrels.
Short-tailed Albatross
(Phoebastria albatrus)
Wilson's Storm Petrel
Peruvian Diving Petrel, Pelecanoides garnotii

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Large-tailed Nightjar, Caprimulgus
macrurus
Order Caprimulgiformes
The Caprimulgiformes is an order of birds
that includes a number of birds with global
distribution
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

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Order Casuariiformes
Southern Cassowary.
he bird order Casuariformes has four surviving
members: the three species of cassowary, and
the only remaining species of Emu. The emus
are classified in the family, Dromaiidae, while the
Cassowaries are all located within the
Casuariidae family.
All four members of the order are very large
flightless birds native to Australia-New Guinea ,
The characteristics of the family are those of its
members.
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

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Order Trogoniformes
Red-headed Trogon,
Harpactes erythrocephalus
The trogons and quetzals are birds in the
order Trogoniformes which contains only
one family, the Trogonidae. The family
contains 39 species in eight genera.
The trogons as a family are fairly uniform in
appearance, having compact bodies and
long tails (very long in the case of the
quetzals), and short necks.
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

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Order Podicipediformes
Black-necked Grebe (Podiceps nigricollis nigricollis),
in non-breeding plumage
A grebe is a member of the Podicipediformes order, a widely
distributed order of freshwater diving birds, some of which visit the sea when
migrating and in winter. This order contains only a single family,
the Podicipedidae, containing 22 species in 6 extant genera.
Prof. Dr. Khalid Hamid Hasan University of Diyala College of Agriculture Republic of Iraq

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Order Accipitriformes
Red-tailed Hawk, Buteo jamaicensis
The Accipitriformes is an order that has
been proposed to include most of the
diurnal birds of prey: hawks, eagles,
vultures, and many others, about 225
species in all. For a long time, the majority
view has been to include them with the
falcons in the Falconiformes, but some
authorities have recognized a separate
Accipitriformes
A recent DNA study has indicated that
falcons are not closely related to the
Accipitriformes, being instead related to
parrots and passerines.
North American Classification Committee (NACC) classifies the New
World vultures as a separate order.

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Bird Information

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The End