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         Open Mind 4 Open Access -
    or how to enhance the impact of
                   your publication


                            Andrea Goetzke
                    Charité 2. Dezember 09


             
Very brief
        introduction




     
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            benレtigt.
Digitale Kultur            Digitale Gesellschaft



                     Unsere
                     Themen


Open Source Strategien          Soziale Medien
Beratung und Projektleitung   Webtechnologie und Umsetzung



                          Unsere
                          Arbeit


Veranstaltungen und Netzwerk       Analyse und Publikation
Open Source Technologien     Menschen, Diskurse,
                                  Kollaboration


                      Open Source
                       Strategien


Creative Commons             offene Organisationsprozesse
Open Access
        Overview




     
What ...

    Making publicly funded research publications available
    * online
    * accessible for anyone at no cost
    * free to copy, share and use.




                                  
Why – in a nutshell
    Technological: The Internet is an effective distribution system.

    Economic: Public budgets subsidize research publications three
    times: 1) Research 2) Peer-Review 3) Library
    Subscription/License. Furthermore, the cost of scientific journals
    have vastly increased while library budgets have remained
    stagnant.

    Social: Work funded by the public should be available to the
    public.

    Scientific: The research impact rises if more people have access
    to research. Availability of scientific publications supports overall
    scientific progress.              
open source software open content open education open government
open hardware open knowledge open access open design open data ...

a broader picture

      “Openness – an unanticipated consequence of the turn to the
      digital”
      Gale Moore


      “on the shoulders of giants”
      Is there such a thing as intellectual property?


      the commons and the public domain


      Urheberrechte (copyrights)

                                      
Open Access
        Developments
        and Milestones




     
2000
    Public Library of Science (PloS) writes open letter to journal
    publishers to make articles freely available 6 months after initial
    publication

    2001
    Budapest Open Access Initiative, came out of a meeting of the
    Open Society Institute

    2003
    Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing



                                    
2003
    Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences
    and Humanities

    * 2 conditions of open access:
    ** use of open license
    ** establishment of institutional repositories

    * Signatories agree to support the transition to an open access
       paradigm - Our organizations aim to find solutions that support further
      development of the existing legal and financial frameworks in order to facilitate
      optimal use and access.


    * German signatories include Max Planck, Helmholtz,
      Fraunhofer, Leibniz, Wissenschaftsrat, DFG
                                            
                             http://oa.mpg.de/openaccess-berlin/berlindeclaration.html
Since 2006 official position of the DFG:
    Die DFG erwartet, dass die mit ihren Mitteln finanzierten
       Forschungsergebnisse publiziert und dabei möglichst auch digital
       veröffentlicht und für den entgeltfreien Zugriff im Internet (Open Access)
       verfügbar gemacht werden. Die entsprechenden Beiträge sollten dazu
       entweder zusätzlich zur Verlagspublikation in disziplinspezifische oder
       institutionelle elektronische Archive (Repositorien) eingestellt oder direkt in
       referierten bzw. renommierten Open Access Zeitschriften publiziert werden.


    Autoren sind angehalten mit Verlagen zu verhandeln dass sie ihr Urheberrecht
       behalten, dass sie Karenzzeiten von max. 6 – 12 Monate ausmachen
       können; dass sie das Recht behalten in OA Journals oder OA
       Repositories/Archiven zu veröffentlichen.


 
        Support to Open Access Information platform and other related projects.
                                      
2009 – a turbulent year for Open Access (OA) in
      Germany

    February – Roland Reuss (Germanist) article in FAZ: OA restricts
      scientists' freedoms and ruins small/medium publishers.

    March – Heidelberger Appell: Advocates for authors' rights to
      publish where and how they like. Mixes up belletristic with
      scientific publications. Against both Open Access and Google
      Booksearch.

    March – Joint declaration of German scientific organizations to
      clarify what Open Access in science means.

    Further discussions around Google Book Settlement, VG Wort ...
                                 
Oktober 2009 – Petition to the German Bundestag on Open
      Access to Scientific Publications (17.116 signatories on 1 Dec
      09, can be signed until 22 Dec 09:
      https://epetitionen.bundestag.de/index.php?
      action=petition;sa=details;petition=7922)


    November 2009 - Manchester Manifesto
    Who owns science?
    In many cases, profit has become the primary reward for research
       and development – while the motivations public welfare and
       scientific progress are disregarded.



                                  
The practical side
        Licensing options




     
BY - Attribution       ND – No Derivatives




    NC – Non               SA – Share Alike
    Commercial




                        
“We identify unnecessary barriers to research, craft policy
     guidelines and legal agreements to lower those barriers, and
     develop technology to make research, data and materials
     easier to find and use.”

    Health Commons as one of the Science Commons projects.




                                
Open Access
        Publishing Options




     
The green road:
    Institutional and Disciplinary Repositories




                                          
    CC-BY-NC-ND Karmin photography (flickr)
Die Nutzenden sollen die Volltexte uneingeschränkt lesen, kopieren, verteilen, drucken,
       in ihnen suchen, auf sie verweisen und sie auch sonst auf jede denkbare legale
       Weise nutzen können, ohne dabei an finanzielle, gesetzliche oder technische
       Barrieren zu stoßen. ...
    Die Universität steht dafür ein, dass die Authentizität, Integrität und eindeutige
       Zitierbarkeit der auf diesem Server abgelegten Publikationen gewährleistet ist. Damit
       wird gleichzeitig eine weltweite Verfügbarkeit und Langzeitarchivierung gesichert.
                                            
    (Open Access Policy der Humboldt Universität Berlin)
     
The golden route:
    Open Access Journals




                       
     
Open Access (OA) Journals – some more infos

    * The Directory of OA Journals (www.doaj.org) today has 4475
       journals in its directory. In early 2009 they had 3814.

    * OA Journals make up 8,5% of all active, peer-reviewed,
      scholarly journals, and 12,5% of the online ones.




    Björk, Hedlund (2009): Two Scenarios for How Scholarly Publishers Could Change
       Their Business Model to Open Access. In: The Journal of Electronic Publishing, vol.
       12, no. 1.                          
Open Access Journals – Procedures and Business Models

    * Authors retain their full rights.

    * Article processing charges: about 1.000 – 2.000 EUR

    * Journal provides tools for peer-review, publication and
       archiving

    * Author fees as part of scientific budgets (e.g. DFG)

    * Institutional membership sometimes covers or reduces
       individual author fees

    * Several publishers offer both options, like Springer Open
                                   
       Choice ...
Some further
        points and
        discussions




     
Publishers hesitate to fully embrace Open Access and they still
      make good profits with their existing business model.

    Authors look for journals with high impact factors and prestige.

    The business model of the entire system research funding –
      research – peer-review – publication is being changed with
      Open Access.




                                  
Studies prove that Open Access articles are cited (up to 3 times)
      more often than online articles that are not openly available.

    Open Access articles are cited earlier than other articles.

    Open Access articles are not confined to libraries and countries
      with large budgets.

    Open Access stimulates scientific progress and cooperation.




                                   
Thank you very much!




                                        Andrea Goetzke
                         andrea.goetzke@newthinking.de
                                 Schönhauser Allee 6/7
                                            10119 Berlin
                                      030 - 692 033 791


                      

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Introduction to Open Access

  • 1.   Open Mind 4 Open Access - or how to enhance the impact of your publication Andrea Goetzke Charité 2. Dezember 09    
  • 2. Very brief introduction    
  • 3. Zur Anzeige wird der QuickTimeᆰ Dekompressor �Keine� benレtigt.
  • 4. Digitale Kultur Digitale Gesellschaft Unsere Themen Open Source Strategien Soziale Medien
  • 5. Beratung und Projektleitung Webtechnologie und Umsetzung Unsere Arbeit Veranstaltungen und Netzwerk Analyse und Publikation
  • 6. Open Source Technologien Menschen, Diskurse, Kollaboration Open Source Strategien Creative Commons offene Organisationsprozesse
  • 7. Open Access Overview    
  • 8. What ... Making publicly funded research publications available * online * accessible for anyone at no cost * free to copy, share and use.    
  • 9. Why – in a nutshell Technological: The Internet is an effective distribution system. Economic: Public budgets subsidize research publications three times: 1) Research 2) Peer-Review 3) Library Subscription/License. Furthermore, the cost of scientific journals have vastly increased while library budgets have remained stagnant. Social: Work funded by the public should be available to the public. Scientific: The research impact rises if more people have access to research. Availability of scientific publications supports overall   scientific progress.  
  • 10. open source software open content open education open government open hardware open knowledge open access open design open data ... a broader picture “Openness – an unanticipated consequence of the turn to the digital” Gale Moore “on the shoulders of giants” Is there such a thing as intellectual property? the commons and the public domain Urheberrechte (copyrights)    
  • 11. Open Access Developments and Milestones    
  • 12. 2000 Public Library of Science (PloS) writes open letter to journal publishers to make articles freely available 6 months after initial publication 2001 Budapest Open Access Initiative, came out of a meeting of the Open Society Institute 2003 Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing    
  • 13. 2003 Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities * 2 conditions of open access: ** use of open license ** establishment of institutional repositories * Signatories agree to support the transition to an open access paradigm - Our organizations aim to find solutions that support further development of the existing legal and financial frameworks in order to facilitate optimal use and access. * German signatories include Max Planck, Helmholtz, Fraunhofer, Leibniz, Wissenschaftsrat, DFG     http://oa.mpg.de/openaccess-berlin/berlindeclaration.html
  • 14. Since 2006 official position of the DFG: Die DFG erwartet, dass die mit ihren Mitteln finanzierten Forschungsergebnisse publiziert und dabei möglichst auch digital veröffentlicht und für den entgeltfreien Zugriff im Internet (Open Access) verfügbar gemacht werden. Die entsprechenden Beiträge sollten dazu entweder zusätzlich zur Verlagspublikation in disziplinspezifische oder institutionelle elektronische Archive (Repositorien) eingestellt oder direkt in referierten bzw. renommierten Open Access Zeitschriften publiziert werden. Autoren sind angehalten mit Verlagen zu verhandeln dass sie ihr Urheberrecht behalten, dass sie Karenzzeiten von max. 6 – 12 Monate ausmachen können; dass sie das Recht behalten in OA Journals oder OA Repositories/Archiven zu veröffentlichen.   Support to Open Access Information platform and other related projects.  
  • 15. 2009 – a turbulent year for Open Access (OA) in Germany February – Roland Reuss (Germanist) article in FAZ: OA restricts scientists' freedoms and ruins small/medium publishers. March – Heidelberger Appell: Advocates for authors' rights to publish where and how they like. Mixes up belletristic with scientific publications. Against both Open Access and Google Booksearch. March – Joint declaration of German scientific organizations to clarify what Open Access in science means.   Further discussions around Google Book Settlement, VG Wort ...  
  • 16. Oktober 2009 – Petition to the German Bundestag on Open Access to Scientific Publications (17.116 signatories on 1 Dec 09, can be signed until 22 Dec 09: https://epetitionen.bundestag.de/index.php? action=petition;sa=details;petition=7922) November 2009 - Manchester Manifesto Who owns science? In many cases, profit has become the primary reward for research and development – while the motivations public welfare and scientific progress are disregarded.    
  • 17. The practical side Licensing options    
  • 18. BY - Attribution ND – No Derivatives NC – Non SA – Share Alike Commercial    
  • 19. “We identify unnecessary barriers to research, craft policy guidelines and legal agreements to lower those barriers, and develop technology to make research, data and materials easier to find and use.” Health Commons as one of the Science Commons projects.    
  • 20. Open Access Publishing Options    
  • 21. The green road: Institutional and Disciplinary Repositories     CC-BY-NC-ND Karmin photography (flickr)
  • 22. Die Nutzenden sollen die Volltexte uneingeschränkt lesen, kopieren, verteilen, drucken, in ihnen suchen, auf sie verweisen und sie auch sonst auf jede denkbare legale Weise nutzen können, ohne dabei an finanzielle, gesetzliche oder technische Barrieren zu stoßen. ... Die Universität steht dafür ein, dass die Authentizität, Integrität und eindeutige Zitierbarkeit der auf diesem Server abgelegten Publikationen gewährleistet ist. Damit wird gleichzeitig eine weltweite Verfügbarkeit und Langzeitarchivierung gesichert.     (Open Access Policy der Humboldt Universität Berlin)
  • 23.    
  • 24. The golden route: Open Access Journals    
  • 25.    
  • 26. Open Access (OA) Journals – some more infos * The Directory of OA Journals (www.doaj.org) today has 4475 journals in its directory. In early 2009 they had 3814. * OA Journals make up 8,5% of all active, peer-reviewed, scholarly journals, and 12,5% of the online ones. Björk, Hedlund (2009): Two Scenarios for How Scholarly Publishers Could Change Their Business Model to Open Access. In: The Journal of Electronic Publishing, vol.   12, no. 1.  
  • 27. Open Access Journals – Procedures and Business Models * Authors retain their full rights. * Article processing charges: about 1.000 – 2.000 EUR * Journal provides tools for peer-review, publication and archiving * Author fees as part of scientific budgets (e.g. DFG) * Institutional membership sometimes covers or reduces individual author fees   * Several publishers offer both options, like Springer Open   Choice ...
  • 28. Some further points and discussions    
  • 29. Publishers hesitate to fully embrace Open Access and they still make good profits with their existing business model. Authors look for journals with high impact factors and prestige. The business model of the entire system research funding – research – peer-review – publication is being changed with Open Access.    
  • 30. Studies prove that Open Access articles are cited (up to 3 times) more often than online articles that are not openly available. Open Access articles are cited earlier than other articles. Open Access articles are not confined to libraries and countries with large budgets. Open Access stimulates scientific progress and cooperation.    
  • 31. Thank you very much! Andrea Goetzke andrea.goetzke@newthinking.de Schönhauser Allee 6/7 10119 Berlin 030 - 692 033 791