1. Procedures of the cardiovascular system Presented By: Adrienne Moore

3. CreatinePhosphokinase (CPK)

4. Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)

6. Patients known to have had a heart attack may have cardiac enzymes monitored over several days to document improvement.

8. Many medicines may affect the results of this test. Be sure to tell your health professional about all the nonprescription and prescription medicines you take.

9. Things You may want to ask Doctor:

10. Need for the test

11. Its risks

12. How it will be done

14. An elastic band is wrapped around your upper arm. It may feel tight.

18. stress test,

19. exercise electrocardiogram

20. treadmill test

21. graded exercise test, or

22. stress ECG –

24. Evaluate the effectiveness of your heart medications to control angina and ischemia.

25. Determine the likelihood of having coronary heart disease and the need for further evaluation.

26. Check the effectiveness of procedures done to improve blood flow within the heart vessels in people with coronary heart disease.

27. Identify abnormal heart rhythms.

29. Stress echocardiogram: An echocardiogram (often called "echo") is a graphic outline of the heart's movement.

31. Do not drink or eat foods containing caffeine for 12 hours before the test. Caffeine will interfere with the results of your test.

32. Do not take the following heart medications on the day of your test unless your doctor tells you otherwise

33. Do not discontinue any medication without first talking with your doctor.

35. Walks slowly in place on a treadmill. Then the speed is increased for a faster pace and the treadmill is tilted to produce the effect of going up a small hill.

36. May be asked to breathe into a tube for a couple of minutes.

37. Can stop the test at any time if needed.

39. Also referred as:

40. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)

43. The procedure is performed with a special catheter (long hollow tube) being inserted into the coronary artery to be treated.

44. This catheter has a tiny balloon at its tip.

45. The balloon is inflated once the catheter has been placed into the narrowed area of the coronary artery.

46. The inflation of the balloon compresses the plaque along the walls of the coronary artery the plaque being fatty tissue in the artery and making a larger opening inside the artery for improved blood flow.

48. **Procedure contin..** Your pulses below the insertion site will be checked and marked so that the circulation to the limb below the site can be checked after the procedure. A local anesthetic will be injected into the skin at the insertion site. You may feel some stinging at the site for a few seconds after the local anesthetic is injected. Once the local anesthetic has taken effect, a sheath, or introducer, will be inserted into the blood vessel. This is a plastic tube through which the catheter will be inserted into the blood vessel and advanced into the heart. If the arm is used, a small incision (cut) may be made to expose the blood vessel for insertion of the sheath. The angioplasty catheter will be inserted through the sheath into the blood vessel. The physician will advance the catheter through the aorta into the heart. Fluoroscopy will be used to assist in advancing the catheter to the heart. The catheter will be advanced into the coronary arteries. Once the catheter is in place, contrast dye will be injected through the catheter into your coronary arteries in order to see the narrowed area(s). You may feel some effects when the contrast dye is injected into the IV line. These effects include a flushing sensation, a salty or metallic taste in the mouth, and/or a brief headache. These effects usually last for a few moments.

49. Thank you! Adrienne Moore