Symbian os app development

1. SYMBIAN OS
-By Adit Pathak (09bce053)
Faculty guide:- Vibha Patel

2. PRESENTATION FLOW
 Memory management
-Leave & cleanup stack
 Socket Communication
 Security(Application signing)
 Application development
-User interfaces
-Tools required
-Important files
- Building,testing & installing application

3. MEMORY MANAGEMENT
 Systems with No Virtual Memory, no disk drive.
 These systems have two types of storage: RAM and flash
memory.
 RAM stores the operating system code ;flash memory is
used for both operating memory and permanent (file)
storage. Often, it is possible to add extra flash memory to a
device (such as a Secure Digital card), and this memory is
used exclusively for permanent storage.
 RAM size is small as compared to PC: 32-64MB
 Dynamic memory allocation must be used
 No frequent rebooting

4. PROBLEMS IN DYNAMIC MEMORY ALLOCATION
 Have to release memory as soon as possible
 Nested function calls , in which fn calls another fn which in
turn calls another & so on.
 Problem occurs when every fn allocates memory for class
object
 At every allocation memory allocation errors must be
checked.
 If fn at the bottom of this nested calls can’t allocate memory
then it will return error value ,which in turn return error value
to its calling fn & previously allocated memory must be
released.So code becomes complex.

5. LEAVE AND TRAPD
 Use of leave & trap will solve the problem
 Whenever allocation fails fn leaves
 It leaves all fn in sequence untill it finds TRAPD()
 TRAPD(error,HandleKeyL());
 PROBLEM
-> Memory allocated by calling fn in sequence is not
freed

6.  case Use3:
{
CX* x=new (Eleave) CX;
x->UseL();
delete x;
}
 Void CX::UseL()
{
Tint* pi=new (Eleave) Tint;
delete pi;
}
 No problem if cx fails
 But there is problem if UseL() leaves

7. CLEANUP STACK
 Stack which is cleaned automatically when leave occurs
 case Use3:
{
CX* x=new (Eleave) CX;
CleanupStack::PushL(x);
x->UseL();
CleanupStack::PopandDestroy(x);
}

8. SOCKET COMMUNICATION
 Sockets API have become the standard API in
establishment of TCP/IP connection on many platforms
including Symbian.
 Symbian can use sockets API to establish a connection of
infrared, Bluetooth and other protocols.
 Socket in the network represents a communication path
endpoint.
 Endpoint is identified by the IP address of the machine with
a combination of a port address.
 The communication between two end points is called a
channel.

9. CLIENT API CLASSES
 RSocketServ : creates session with socket server, used for establishing
subsessions for RSocket & RHostResolver. To establish a session with
socket server the member function RSocketServ::Connect() is used.
RSocketServ::Close() closes all subsessions automatically.
 Rsocket : the endpoint of socket based communication.Each
instantiated object of this class represents a single socket.It allows:
-Socket opening
-Read-write data from/to prorocol
 RHostResolver: provides the interface for host resolution services
 RConnection: selects internet access point. It supports
multiholming(Several
network interfaces active at the same time).

10. STEPS FOR TCP/IP USING SOCKET
 Create a connection to socket server (RSocketServ)
 Choose Internet access point (RConnection)
 Send DNS-request (RHostResolver)
 Close connection to DNS resolver (RHostResolver)
 Open TCP socket (RSocket)
 Connection request+ target IP (RSocket)
 Data Transfer (RSocket)
 Close Socket (RSocket)
 Close connection (RConnection)
 Close socket server connection (RSocketServ)

11. SECURITY IN SYMBIAN OS
 Smartphones are single-user devices and require no user
authentication to use basic functions.
 Even more complicated functions (such as installing
applications) require authorization but no authentication
 Gatekeeper security before version 9
 User was asked for permission before installing application ,user was
trusted to use them wisely
 The thinking in this design was that only user-installed applications could
cause system havoc and an informed user would know what programs
he intended to install and what programs were malicious
 A new smartphone with no user-installed applications would be a system
that could run without error.
 Installing only applications that a user knew were not malicious would
maintain the security of the system.

12.  problem with this design is that users do not always know
the complete ramifications of the software they are installing
 There are viruses that masquerade as useful programs,
performing useful functions while silently installing malicious
code.
 Normal users are unable to verify the complete
trustworthiness of all the software available.
 Platform Security Architecture(PSA) for version
9
 verification of trust prompted a complete redesign of
platform security for Symbian OS version 9 which keeps the
gatekeeper model, but takes the responsibility for verifying
software away from the user

13. PSA & APPLICATION SIGNING
 Each software developer is now responsible for verifying her
own software through a process called signing and the
system verifies the developer’s claim
 Not all software requires such verification, only those that
access certain system functions.
 Self signing (no capabilities or unrestricted capabilities)
 When certain capabilities are required the application must
be signed

14. STEPS IN APPLICATION SIGNING
 When a developer has developed a software package and want
to distribute it, he or she must submit his package to a trusted
third party for validation.
 The trusted third party then verifies that the list of software access
types is complete and that no other type of access occurs. If this
third party can make this verification, the software is then signed
by that third party. This means that the installation package has a
special amount of information that details what it will do to a
Symbian OS system and that it may actually do that.
 This installation package is sent back to the software developer
and may now be distributed to users.(sisx file)
 The install process checks the signage of the installation
package. If the signing of the package is valid, the capabilities
granted the software are recorded and these are the capabilities
granted to the application by the kernel when it executes.

15. DIFFERENT LEVELS OF TRUST

16. APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
 User interfaces
->S60
-> UIQ
 What is needed
 Different files
 Building and testing
 Installing on phone

17. USER INTERFACES –S60
 The S60 Platform is a software platform for mobile phones that runs
on symbian os.
 S60 has been designed for easy one-handed use.
 All S60 phones use a navigation controller that allows navigation in four
direction,a confirmation key & 2 hardware buttons called softkeys.
 S60 has 4 versions:s601,2,3 & 5.
Edition Devices
S60 1st Nokia 7650,3600,3620
S60 2nd Nokia 6600,Panasonic x700,Samsung
SGH-D720
S60 3rd Nokia 3250,N73,N71,E60
S60 5th Nokia 5233,5800,C6-00

18. S60 PHONE
Screenshot of a typical
Nokia S60 user
interface.

19. USER INTERFACES – UIQ
 UIQ (formerly known as User Interface Quartz) is a software
platform based upon Symbian os.
 UIQ phones employ touch screens with a resolution of 208×320 pixels
(UIQ 1.x & 2.x) and 240×320 (UIQ 3.x). Depending on the phone,
the color depth is 12-bit (4096 colors), 16-bit (65536 colors), 18-bit
(262144 colors), and 24-bit (16,777,216 colors) on some newer phones.
 It can be configured with respect to touch/non-touch screens, screen
size, the use of a menu bar or the use of soft keys.
Edition Devices
UIQ 2.x Nokia 6708,sony ericsson p800,motorola
A920,A925
UIQ 3.x Sony ericsson M600,P1,P990,G700
Motorola RIZR Z8,Z10

20. UIQ PHONES
Screenshot of a typical UIQ 3 user
interface.

21. WHAT IS NEEDED?
 a PC running Windows NT or better
 an SDK (S60 or UIQ) which will contain emulator
 a C++ development IDE supported by your SDK.(eg.
Carbide.c++)
 the appropriate phone handset on which to test your
application
 The ability to deploy code onto the phone (for example, a
removable media card, for example, MMC or Memory Stick,
or a connection between your development PC and the
handset using USB or Bluetooth).

22. DIFFERENT FILES
 Creating project using carbide.c++
 It will create different file for skeleton application
 Files in different directories
 Group- .mmp & bld.inf file, src- .cpp source files , data-
resource file, inc-headerfiles , sis- .pkg ,.sis,.sisx files

23. .MMP FILE
 A project definition file (.mmp file) that describes a project to be built.
This is an environment neutral file that can be used by the tools to
produce make files for any of the supported target environments. It also
defines resource files to be built.

24. BLD.INF FILE
 A component description file (bld.inf), which lists a group of related
projects, and gives additional build instructions.
 Its main purpose is to list the project definition mmp files and any files
that the build tools must copy into place before a build.

25. APPLICATION FRAMEWORK
 Every Symbian OS GUI application, regardless of the UI platform on
which it is based, will use the application framework architecture, which
means it will derive from a particular set of UI-specific classes:
application, document, application UI and application view.
 Application: When instantiated, the object is used to identify the
application, by returning its UID. It also creates the application’s
document class.
 Application Document: :The document class handles any persistent
non-GUI data for the application and instantiates the application UI
class.
 Application UI: The application UI handles UI events generated from
the user’s actions (except low-level touch screen events and
alphanumeric keyboard input). It also instantiates the application’s
default view.
 Application view: This is the root GUI control which activates the main
application window and acts as a container for other controls used.

26. BUILDING & TESTING
 Select build target- emulator debug or phone release
 To run,right click on project select run as symbian os c++
project.
 It will open emulator

28. INSTALLING ON PHONE
 Go to .pkg file in project navigator
 Right click & select build package
 It will self sign the application & .sisx file will be
created.
 Transfer to phone using data cable,bluetooth etc &
install it

29. REFERENCES
 [1] Advanced Symbian OS C++:Programming mobile Phones, by Richard
Harrison
 [2] Modern operating system, by Andrew S. Tanunbum
 [3] Symbian Os Explained:effective C++ Programming for Smartphones, by Jo
Stichbury
 [4] Symbian OS C++ for mobile phones, by Richard Harrison, Mark Shackman
 [5] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian
 [6] library.developer.nokia.com/...Developers.../index.html
 [7] E-Pass Using DRM in Symbian v8 OS and TrustZone : Securing Vital Data
on
Mobile Devices, by Wan Huzaini Wan Hussin, Reuben Edwards and Paul
Coulton
 [8] Testing the Symbian OS Platform Security Architecture ,byThomas Badura
and Michael Becher,University of Mannheim, Germany
 [9] File Transmission via socket from Smartphone to PC Based on Symbian OS,
by LinChunmin,LuoDelin,WuShunxiang

30. THANK YOU