1. ENTER
Ticks areisArachnidsinvolves complete or near-complete lack
A mental state that bacterial disease that affects the nervous
Tetanus a serious
system
of responsiveness to people and other environmental
Allisticks are wingless and have four pairs of legs
It commonly known as “lock jaw”
stimuli.
It is caused by Clostridium tetani, produce tetanospasmin
It can interfere with your ability to breathe
Ticks are external parasites, meaning that they require a
host for can be treated
Tetanus food and/or shelter
Fatality is highest in individuals who haven't been immunized
and in older adults with inadequate immunization
Most active during warm month usually from April to
September.
2. • Tetanus is a serious bacterial disease that affects the nervous system
• It is commonly known as “lock jaw”
• It is caused by Clostridium Tetani, produce “Tetanospasmin”
• It can interfere with your ability to breathe
• Tetanus can be treated
• Fatality is highest in individuals who haven't been immunized and in older adults with inadequate
immunization
3. SYMPTOMS
• Spasms and stiffness of jaw muscles
• Stiffness of neck muscles
• Difficulty swallowing
• Stiffness of abdominal muscles
• Clenched fists
• Painful body spasms
4. RISK FACTORS
• Lack of immunization or inadequate immunization
• A penetrating injury that results in tetanus spores
being introduced to the wound site
• A foreign body, such as a nail or splinter
• Puncture wounds
• Amputations
• Burns
6. TREATMENTS
• Wound care
• Antitoxin- can neutralize only toxin that hasn't yet
bonded to nerve tissue
• Antibiotics- to fight tetanus bacteria.
• Vaccine- prevent future tetanus infection, quickly
make the needed antibodies to protect you against
tetanus.
• Sedatives- control muscle spasms.
7. LIFESTYLE AND HOME
REMEDIES
• Get medical attention if
- the wound is deep and dirty
- If you're unsure of your immunization status.
• Leave unclean wounds open
If you have a minor wound, these steps will help prevent you from getting tetanus:
• Control bleeding
• Keep the wound clean
• Use an antibiotic- can discourage bacterial growth and infection and may allow
the wound to heal more efficiently.
• Cover the wound- keep the wound clean and keep harmful bacteria out. Blisters
that are draining are vulnerable.
• Change the dressing- to prevent infection
8. PREVENTION
• The DTaP vaccine consists of a series of five shots, typically
given in the arm or thigh to children at ages:
2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 15 to 18 months,
4 to 6 years
The booster
• Tdap- between the ages of 11 and 12
• Td booster be given every 10 years thereafter.
• If you receive a deep or dirty wound and it's been more than
five years since your last booster shot, get another booster
shot.
9. TETANUS IMMUNIZATION
Protection against tetanus should be considered with
any wound, even a minor one. After any wound, check
the student's immunization record for tetanus and
notify parent or legal guardian.
A minor wound would need a tetanus booster only if it
has been at least 10 years since the last tetanus shot or if
the student is 5 years old or younger.
Other wounds such as those contaminated by dirt, feces
and saliva (or other body fluids); puncture wounds;
amputations; and wounds resulting from crushing, burns,
and frostbite need a tetanus booster if it has been more
than 5 years since last tetanus shot.
10. • Ticks are Arachnids
• All ticks are wingless and have four pairs of legs
• Ticks are external parasites, meaning that they require a host for food
and/or shelter
• Most active during warm month usually from April to September.
11. PREVENTING TICK BITES
• Avoid Direct Contact with Ticks
• Repel Ticks and wear clothes treated with Permethrin
12. FIND AND REMOVE TICKS FROM
YOUR BODY
• Bathe or shower as soon as possible after coming indoors
• Conduct a full-body tick check using a hand-held or full-length mirror.
Parents should check their children for ticks under the arms, in and around
the ears, inside the belly button, behind the knees, between the
legs, around the waist, and especially in their hair.
• Examine gear and pets
• Tumble clothes in a dryer on high heat
13. TICKS
Students should be inspected
for ticks after time in woods
Refer to your school's policy or brush. Ticks may carry
regarding the removal of ticks serious infections and must
be completely removed.
.
Do NOT handle ticks with
Wear disposable gloves when exposed bare hands .
to blood and other body fluids.
Wash the tick area gently with soap and
water before attempting removal
Using tweezers, grasp the tick as close to the skin surface as
possible and pull upward with steady, even pressure.
Do NOT twist or jerk the tick as the mouth parts may break off.
It is important to remove the ENTIRE tick.
Take care not to squeeze, crush or puncture the body of the tick as
its fluids may carry infection.
After removal, wash the tick area thoroughly with soap and water.
Wash your hands.
Apply a bandage.
Ticks can be safely thrown away by
placing them in container of alcohol or
flushing them down the toilet.
Contact
responsible
school authority &
parent/legal
guardian.
14. REMOVING TICKS
Follow-up
If you develop a rash or fever within several weeks of removing a tick, see your doctor.
Be sure to tell the doctor about your recent tick bite.
Early recognition and treatment of the infection decreases the risk of serious complications.
15. UNCONSCIOUSNESS
a mental state that involves complete or near-complete lack of responsiveness
to people and other environmental stimuli.
16. UNCONCIOUSNESS
If student stops breathing, Unconsciousness may have many causes including:
and no one else is available Heat exhaustion.
to call EMS, administer Injuries.
Illness.
Blood loss/shock.
CPR for 2 minutes and Fatigue.
Poisoning.
then call EMS Severe allergic reaction.
Stress.
yourself. Not eating.
If you know the cause of the unconsciousness
see the appropriate guideline.
See YES
Did student regain consciousness immediately?
"Fainting".
NO
YES Is unconsciousness due to injury?
NO
See "Neck & Back Pain" and Open airway with head tilt/chin lift.
treat as a possible neck injury. Look, listen and feel for breathing.
Do NOT move student.
YES Is student NO Begin CPR.
breathing? See "CPR".
CALL EMS
999.
Keep student in flat position of comfort.
Elevate feet 8-10 inches unless this causes CALL EMS
pain or a neck/back or hip injury is suspected. 999.
Loosen clothing around neck and waist.
Keep body normal temperature. Cover student
with a blanket or sheet. Contact
Give nothing to eat or drink. responsible
If student vomits, roll onto left side keeping school authority
back and neck in straight alignment if injury is &
suspected. parent/legal
Examine student from head-to-toe and give guardian.
first aid for conditions as needed.
