1. م
ن الرحي
ما الرحم
بس
The Present Continuous المضارع المستمر
1- متى نستخدم المضارع المستمر؟
نستخدم المضارع المستمر للتحدث عن شئ يحصل الن
.I am writing an exercise now
.Ali is playing football now
.The children are writing at the moment
( كمثالplay 2 . تركيبة المضارع المستمر ) نأخذ فعل
am/are / is )+ verb + ing) يتكون المضارع المستمر من
playing am
I
playing are You
playing
is
He
playing
is
She
playing
is
It
playing are We
playing are You
playing are They
now / at the moment :يستخدم المضارع المستمر غالبا مع هذه الكلمات
( كمثالplay .3صيغة النفي في المضارع المستمر ) نأخذ فعل
( am / are / is ) بعدnot يتكون النفي في المضارع المستمر بوضع كلمة
playing
not
am
I
playing
not
are You
playing
not
is
He
playing
not
is
She
playing
not
is
It
playing
not
are
We
2. playing
not
are You
playing
not
are They
( كمثالplay 4. صيغة السؤال في المضارع المستمر ) نأخذ فعل
am / are / is ) (مكان الفاعل و الفاعل مكانam / is / are) يتكون السؤال في المضارع المستمر بوضع
(
playing?
playing?
playing?
playing?
playing?
playing?
playing?
playing?
I
you
he
she
It
we
you
they
Am
Are
Is
Is
Is
Are
Are
Are
Exercise
Put the verbs between brackets in the correct form
1.
Ahmed ----------------a book now.( read )
2.
I ----------- about the exam at the moment. (think)
3.
------------------------- now ? ( you / sleep )
4.
We ---------------------- now. (not /eat )
5.
where -----------------------? ( you / go )
6.
why ---------------------?( Ahmed and Ali / fight )
7.
You -------------------------to me. ( not / listen )
8.
The cat ---------------------------------- some milk. ( drink )
9.
What ---------------------------- at the moment ? ( you / do )
10. Hello, mum. I ---------------------- you from Dubai . ( call )
Exercise 2
Put the verbs between brackets in the correct form.
3. 1.
The sun always -----------------------down in the west. (go )
2.
Look! The sun -------------------------down now . (go )
3.
My father never ------------------------- .( smoke )
4.
They usually ----------------- to school on time. ( come )
5.
My brother can’t talk to you now. He ------ his car. (repair )
6.
We often ------------------ at home during the holidays . ( stay )
7.
I rarely ------------------------- up late. ( stay )
8.
Where ------------------------ on Fridays. (you / go )
9. Excuse me, you ---------------------- on my foot. ( stand )
10. Look at that bird, it --------------------- high in the sky. ( fly )
Answers to Exercise 1:
1.
Ahmed -------is reading--------------------a book now. ( read )
2.
I -----am thinking-------- about the exam at the moment. ( think )
3.
--Are you sleeping---------now ? ( you / sleep )
4.
We ------are not eating----------------------- now. (not /eat )
5.
where --------------------are you going-------------? ( you / go )
6.
why --------are Ahmed and Ali fighting-------?( Ahmed and Ali / fight )
7.
You ------are not listening-------------------to me. ( not / listen )
8.
The cat ----------is drinking----------------- some milk. ( drink )
9.
What -----------are you doing-------- at the moment ? ( you / do )
10. Hello, mum. I -------am calling----------- you from Dubai . ( call )
Answers to Exercise 2:
1.
The sun always ---goes--------------------down in the west. (go )
2.
Look! The sun -------is going------------------down now . (go )
3.
My father never ------smokes------------------- .( smoke )
4. 4.
They usually ---------come-------- to school on time. ( come )
5.
My brother can’t talk to you now. He is repairing- his car. (repair )
6.
We often ----stay------- at home during the holidays . ( stay )
7.
I rarely ------------stay up--------- up late. ( stay )
8.
Where --------do you go---------------- on Fridays. (you / go )
9. Excuse me, you -----are standing------------ on my foot. ( stand )
10. Look at that bird, it -----is flying--------------- high in the sky. ( fly )
============================================================
The Present Simple المضارع البسيط
متى نستخدم المضارع البسيط؟
:نستخدم المضارع البسيط للتحدث عن شيء يتكرر في الحاضر مثل
.I go to school everyday
.The sun rises in the East
My father always gets up early
( كمثالplay 2. كيف يتكون المضارع البسيط؟ ) نأخذ فعل
play
play
Plays
Plays
plays
play
play
play
s ظحيث يأخذ ظحرف
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
he she it نلظحظ أن الفعل في المضارع البسيط يكون في أصله ما عدا مع الضمائر
.في آخره
( كمثالplay 3 . كيف يتكون النفي في المضارع البسيط ؟ ) نأخذ فعل
قبل أصل الفعلdon't / doesn't يتكون النفي في المضارع البسيط بإضافة
pla don’t We
play
don’t
I
5. y
pla don’t
You play
don’t
y
pla don’t They play doesn’t
y
You
He
play
doesn’t
She
play
doesn’t
It
( كمثالplay 4 . كيف نكون السؤال في المضارع البسيط؟ ) نأخذ فعل
. قبل الفاعلdoes أوdo يتكون السؤال في المضارع البسيط بإضافة
Play?
I
Do
Play ?
you
Do
Play ?
he
Does
Play ?
he
Does
Play ?
it
Does
Play ?
we
Do
Play ?
you
Do
Play ?
they
Do
Put the verbs between brackets in the correct form:
1.
Ali ----------- football. (Like)
2.
Aisha ----------- school.(not like)
3.
the dog and the cat ----------- in the garden.( sleep )
4.
Where -----------? ( you / live )
5.
----------- English well ? (you / speak )
6.
The sun ----------- in the East .( rise )
7.
Ahmed and Ali ----------- in Casablanca. (not live )
8.
When ----------- ?
9.
Coptic Christians ----------- seven times a day. (pray)
( Khalid /get up)
6. 10. I usually ----------- rice for lunch. (have)
Answers:
1.
Ali ------likes--------------------------- football.( like)
2.
Aisha-----doesn't like------------ school.(not like)
3.
the dog and the cat -sleep------ in the garden.( sleep )
4.
Where ---do you -------live----------------? ( you / live )
5.
-------Do you speak-------English well ? (you / speak )
6.
The sun ---------rises----------------in the East .( rise )
7.
Ahmed and Ali ---don't live------- in Salalah. (not live )
8.
When ------does Khalid get up----? ( Khalid /get up)
9.
Coptic Christians -- pray ------------------ seven times a day.(pray )
10. I usually --------have--------- rice for lunch. ( have)
==========================================================
The Past Continuous الماضي المستمر
1. متى نستخدم الماضي المستمر؟
نستخدم الماضي المستمر للتحدث عن شئ استمر لمدة معينة في الماضي
Yesterday from 7.00 to 8.00 ,I was watching T.V
Yesterday at 5 O’clock , Ali was reading.
Aisha and her sister were playing.
( كمثالplay 2. كيف نكون الماضي المستمر؟ ) نأخذ فعل
. إلى نهاية الفعلing قبل الفعل و إضافةwere أوwas يتكون الماضي المستمر بإضافة كلمة
I Was
Yo
Playing
were playing
We were playing
You were playing
u
He
was playing They were playing
Sh
was playing
7. e
It
was playing
( كمثالplay 3. كيف نكون النفي في الماضي البسيط؟ ) نأخذ فعل
. قبل الفعلweren’t
أوwasn’t يتكون النفي في الماضي البسيط بإضافة كلمة
I
Wasn’t playing
We weren’t playing
Yo
weren’t playing
You weren’t playing
u
He
Wasn’t playing They weren’t playing
Sh
wasn’t playing
e
It
wasn’t playing
( كمثالplay . كيف نكون السؤال في الماضي المستمر؟) نأخذ فعل
. قبل الفاعلwere أوwas يتكون السؤال في الماضي المستمر بوضع
was
I ?playing Were
we ?playing
Wer
you ?playing Were
you ?playing
e
was
he ?playing Were they ?playing
Was
she ?playing
Was
it ?playing
Put the verbs between brackets in the correct form
1.
They ---------- when I arrived. (fight)
2.
She ---------- a meal when the lights went out.(cook)
3.
What ---------- when I phoned you? ( you/do)
4.
When I arrived, everybody ---------- .(sleep)
5.
My mother ---------- T.V. when I came.( not watch )
6.
The pupils ---------- .(not listen)
7.
The dog ---------a bone in the garden when it saw a cat. (eat)
8. 8.
Why ------------------------------when I was talking? (you laugh)
9.
--------------------dinner when the police arrived? (you / have)
10. My father -----------------a newspaper when the bell rang. (read)
Answers:
1.
They------were fighting------------------- when I arrived.
2.
She --------was cooking------a meal when the lights went out.
3.
What ---were you doing----------when I phoned you?
4.
When I arrived, everybody ---was sleeping---------------.
5.
My mother ----was not watching----V. when I came.
6.
The pupils---------were not listening--------.
7.
The dog ---was eating-a bone in the garden when it saw a cat.
8.
Why ---were you laughing-when I was talking?
9.
-Were you having-dinner when the police arrived?
10. My father –was reading-a newspaper when the bell rang
====================================================
The Past Simple ي البسي
ط
الماض
:نستخدم الماضي البسيط لنتحدث عن شئ ظحصل و انتهى في الماضي
.Last week, I played volleyball
.Three years ago, I visited Dubai
.Yesterday, Ali watched a film on T.V
:ملظحظة: هذه بعض الكلمات التي تخبرنا على أن الجملة في الماضي البسيط
...yesterday -ago -last
( كمثالplay .2كيف نكون الماضي البسيط؟ ) نأخذ فعل
يتكون الماضي البسيط بإضافةed .إلى آخر الفعل
9. I
played
played
You
played
He
played
She
played
It
played
We
played
You
played
They
(irregular verbs) ملظحظة: تنطبق هذه القاعدة على جميع العفعال ما عدا العفعال الشاذة
( كمثالplay .3 كيف نكون النفي عفي الماضي البسيط ؟ ) نأخذ عفعل
. قبل مصدر الفعلdidn't يتكون النفي عفي الماضي البسيط بإضاعفة كلمة
I didn't play
We
didn't play
You didn't play
You didn't play
He
They didn't play
didn't play
She didn't play
It
didn't play
( كمثالplay 4 كيف نطرح السؤال عفي الماضي البسيط?) نأخذ فعل
. قبل الفاعل و نضع مصدر الفعل بعد الفاعلdid نكون السؤال في الماضي البسيط بوضع كلمة
play? we
Di
play? I
d
play? you
Di
play? you Did
d
play?
Did
the Di
play? he Did
y d
play? she Did
play? It Did
Put the verbs between brackets in the correct form.
1.
Yesterday, Khalid ---------- in bed all day. (stay)
2.
She ---------- breakfast this morning. (not have)
3.
Last week, we ---------- a football match. ( play)
10. 4.
---------- the homework ? ( you / do )
5.
Why ---------- late ? ( she / arrive )
6.
Basma ---------- to school yesterday. (not come )
7.
Where --------------------------- your holidays ? ( you / spend )
8.
In 1998, We------------------------- to Agadir.( go )
9.
A few years ago, many villages in my country ----------electricity. (not have )
10. I ------------------------- a terrible accident yesterday. ( see )
Answers:
1.Yesterday, Khalid stayed--------------------------- in bed all day. (stay)
2.
She ---------didn’t have------------------ breakfast this morning. (not have)
3.
Last week, we ---played------------- a football match. ( play)
4.
------Did you do------------ the homework ? ( you / do )
5.
Why -----did she arrive------------------late ? ( she / arrive )
6.
Basma ----didn’t come------------- to school yesterday. (not come )
7.
Where –did you spend------------- your holidays ? ( you / spend )
8.
In 1998, We-----went-------------------- to Muscat.( go )
9.
A few years ago, many villages in my country –didn’t have-----------------electricity. (not have )
10. I --saw--------------------- a terrible acccident yesterday. ( see )
============================================================
The Future Simple ل البسي
ط
المستقب
متى نستخدم المستقبل؟
.نستخدم المستقبل عندما نريد أن نتحدث عن شيء ننوي القيام به أو شيء سوف يحصل في المستقبل
I'll travel tomorrow
My father will buy a car next week.
( كمثالplay كيف نكون الفعل عفي المستقبل؟) نأخذ فعل
11. (أو إختصارهاll' ) .قبل الفعلwill يتكون الفعل في المستقبل بوضع كلمة
I
'll
We
play
'll
play
'll
play
You
'll
play
He
'll
play They
'll
play
Sh
'll
play
'll
play
Yo
u
e
It
( كمثالplay كيف نكون السؤال عفي المستقبل؟) نأخذ فعل
will مكان الفاعل و الفاعل مكان
will I
will
نكون السؤال في المستقبل بوضع
play?
will We
?play
will you
play?
will You
?play
will He
play?
will They
?play
will She
play?
will It
play?
( كمثالplay كيف نكون النفي عفي المستقبل؟) نأخذ فعل
. قبل مصدر الفعلwon't يتكون النفي في المستقبل بإضافة كلمة
I
won't
won't
play
yo won't
You won't
play
u
He won't
They won't
play
Sh won't
play
e
It won't
play
play
play
We
play
للتحدث عن المستقبلgoing to إستعمال
to be مسبوقة بالتصريف المناسب لفعلgoing to يمكن أيضا تكوين المستقبل بوضع
I'm going to have a party tomorrow
My sister is going to get married next spring
============================================================
12. المضارع التام The Present Perfect
متى نستخدم المضارع التام؟
1 .
نستخدم المضارع التام للتحدث عن شئ بدأ في الماضي و مازال مستمرا إلى وقتنا الحاضر.
.I have lived in this town for 10 years
)في هذا المثال الحدث بدأ قبل عشر سنوات و ما زال مستمرا إلى الن(
4891 .My father has worked in the same factory since
)نفس الشئ في هذا المثال. أبي بدأ العمل في هذا المصنع سنة 4891 ومازال يعمل فيه حتى الن(.
2( كيف يتكون المضارع التام؟ ) نأخذ عفعل playكمثال (
يتكون المضارع التام بوضع have / has + past participle
played
played
played
played
played
played
played
played
3(
have
have
has
has
has
have
have
have
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
كيف يتكون النفي عفي المضارع التام؟ ) نأخذ عفعل playكمثال (
يتكون النفي في المضارع التام بوضع كلمة notبين have/hasو past participle
played
played
played
played
played
played
played
played
4(
not
not
not
not
not
not
not
not
have
have
Has
Has
has
have
have
have
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
كيف نطرح السؤال عفي المضارع التام؟) نأخذ فعل playكمثال (
يتكون السؤال في المضارع التام بوضع have/hasمكان الفاعل و الفاعل مكان have/has
?Played
?Played
?Played
?Played
I
you
he
She
Have
Have
Has
Has
13. ?Played
?Played
?Played
?Played
ملحظة: يمكن أن نستخدم الصيغة الكاملة لكلمة
it
we
you
they
Has
Have
Have
Have
have/hasأو الصيغة المختصرة )'. ( ve / 's
. I have played footballأو
.He has lived here for a long timeأو
.I' ve played football
.He' s lived here for a long time
============================================================
ي مThe Past Perfect
الماض التا
متى نستخدم الماضي التام؟
نستخدم الماضي التام عندما تكون عندنا جملة فيها حدثين حصل في الماضي ونريد أن نبين بأن الحدث الول
سبق الحدث الثاني
البارحة؛ شاهدت التلفزيون بعد ذالك ذهبت إلى الفراش. )في هذه الجملة يوجد حدثين. الول هو مشاهدة
التلفزيون و الثاني هو الذهاب إلى الفراش. لكي نميز في اللغة النجليزية بأن الحدث الول وقع قبل الحدث
الثاني نضع الفعل في الحدث الول في الماضي التام ونضع الفعل في الحدث الثاني في الماضي البسيط( فنقول:
Last night , after I had watched television I went to bed
كيف يتكون الماضي التام؟ ) نأخذ فعل playكمثال(
يتكون التام بوضع had + past participle
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
had
had
had
had
had
had
had
had
played
played
played
played
played
played
played
played
كيف يتكون النفي عفي الماضي التام؟) نأخذ فعل playكمثال(
يتكون النفي في الماضي التام بوضع كلمة notبين had
I
You
had
had
played not
played not
و . past participle
14. played
played
played
played
played
played
not
not
not
not
not
not
had
had
had
had
had
had
He
She
It
We
You
They
( كمثالplay كيف نطرح السؤال عفي الماضي التام؟) نأخذ فعل
had مكان الفاعل و الفاعل مكان
had يتكون السؤال في الماضي التام بوضع
?played
?played
?played
?played
?played
?played
?played
played?
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
' و يبقىd أو الصيغة المختصرةhad
had
had
had
had
had
had
had
had
ملظحظة: يمكن أن نستخدم الصيغة الكاملة لكلمة
.المعنى هو نقسه
I'd watched television
أو
I had watched television
============================================================
WH-Questions
WH أسئلة تبدأ بحرعفي
What-------? ()مذا
What happened? ------------- What did you buy?
Where -------? (
) أين
Where did you go last weekend? ---------- Where is my book ?
When -------? ( ) متى
When is your birthday ?
Why-------? (
---
When did the second world war end ?
) لمذا
Why did you come late ? ----------Why did America invade Iraq?
15. ) من
? ------------Who won the match
( ?-------Who
? Who helped you
) كيف
( ?-------How
? How did you come ? How do you cook rice
) كم العدد
( ?-------How many
? How many brothers have you got
? How may teams participated in the tournament
) كم المساعفة
( ?-------How far
? How far is it from Dubai to Abu Dhabi
? How far is your house from your school
) كم السعر
( ?-------How much
?How much did you buy your car
? How much is a kilo of oranges in your country
) كم مرة
( ?-------How often
? How often do you cut your hair ?----------How often do you pray
============================================================
أدوات التعريف Articles
.باللغة العربية السماء المعرفة و السماء النكرة articlesيوازي كلمة
).إشتريت كتابا.) في هذه الجملة كلمة كتاب غير معر فة.ل نعرف عن هذا الكتاب الذي اشتريت أي شيء-
ّ
).الكتاب الذي اشتريت مفيد جداً. ) في هذه الجملة كلمة الكتاب معرفة. لن القاريء يعرف عن أي كتاب أتكلم-
الودوات التي نستخدم في اللغة العربيةهي : ال في بداية السم بالنسبة للسماء المعرفة ولشيء بالنسبة
للسماء الغير معرفة
في اللغة النجليزية تسمى هذه الودوات articlesوهي مقسمة إلى قسمين :
1(the
.وهي توازي ال التي تبدأ بها السماء المعرفة في اللغة العربية
the carالسيارة
the houseالمنزل
the bookالكتاب
16. 2( a
.وهي توازي السماء الغير معرفة في اللغة العربية
a houseمنزل
a carسيارة
a bookكتاب
هذه بعض المثلة
ذهبت إلى السوق. I went to the market
إشتريت كتابا I bought a book
الكتاب الذي اشتريت مفيد جدا The book that I bought is very interesting
متى ل نستخدم أدوات التعريف؟
ل نستخدم أدوات التعريف قبل السم عفي الحالت التالية:
•
•
السماء الغير المعرعفة عفي الجمع : a bookكتاب booksكتب
طالب studentsطلب
أسماء الدول و المدن I went to New yorkذهبت إلى نيويورك
countryاليابان دولة عظيمة
a student
Japan is a great
لكن نستخدم theقبل أسماء الدول المركبة من أكثر من كلمة مثل:
The United States of Americaالوليات المتحدة الميريكية
•
السماء الغير قابلة للعد. waterالماء
.ّ
oilالزيت
متى نستخدم anو ليس ? a
I need a book, a pen, and a newspaper
I need an apple , an orange and an egg
أحتاج كتاب ، قلم وجريدة.
أحتاج تفاحة ، برتقالة و بيضة.
aو anلهما نفس المعنى . الفرق الوحيد هو أن anنضعها قبل السماء التي تبدأ بأحد هذه الحروف:
a - o - e- i -u
============================================================
المبني للمجهول The Passive Voice
متى نستخدم المبني للمجهول ؟
نستخدم المبني للمجهول عندما يكون الفاعل غير مهم في الجملة . مثل:
17. . ’فتح البابThe door was opened
.القهوة ُتزرع في البرازيلcoffee is grown in Brasil
كيف يتكون المبني للمجهول ؟
SINGULAR
مفرد
is+past participle
PRESENT
حاضر
PAST
ماضي
PLURAL
جمع
are+past participle
was+past participle were+past participle
في المضارعis /are + past participle + بتكون المبني للمجهول بوضع الفاعل
في الماضيpast participle+was/were+والفاعل
:المضارع المفرد
English is spoken in many countries
المضارع الجمع
Monkeys are found in forests
:الماضي المفرد
..The telephone was invented by Graham Bell
:الماضي الجمع
.The books were put on the table
في الجدول التالي سوف تجد ملخص للحال ت التي يكون عليها الفعل في المبني للمعلوم و مقابلها ستجد كيف
.يصبح عندما تتحول الجملة إلى المبني للمجهول
Tense in the passive
التصريف في المبني للمجهول
Tense in the active
التصريف في المبني للمعلوم
is/are + past participle
John is given a dollar everyday
Present simple
ex: Someone gives John a dollar
.everyday
Is/are + being+ past participle
Present continuous
18. A house is being built
Was/were + past participle
I was given a present
.ex: They are building a house
Past simple
ex: Someone gave me a present
was/were + being+ past participle
A film was being made
Have/has been+ past perfect
I have been sent a letter
Had been+ past perfect
I had been sent a letter
Will be+ past participle
The thief will be caught
must /can/should/have to +be +
past participle
A solution must be found
Past continuous
ex: They were making a film
Present Perfect
.ex: Someone has sent me a letter
Past perfect
.ex: Someone had sent me a letter
Future
ex: They will catch the thief
must-can-should-have to
ex: They must find a solution
=========================================================
Asking for Permission طلب النذن
Can I open the door please ----- Of course you can
Do you mind if I smoke --------No, I don't
May I sit near you
Asking for permission
هل أستطيع
?..........May I
refusing
?...........could I
هل أستطيع
accepting
?...............can I
هل أستطيع
----Yes , you may
نعمYes you can
تستطيع
أنا آسف
. نعم تستطيعYes, you may
.نعم تستطيعYes,you could
I'm sorry
. آسف لSorry you can't
تستطيع
.أنا آسف جداI'm deeply sorry
.طبعاYes, of course
.أكيدSure
Do you mind if I ...هل تمانع لو.. ؟
ل أمانع
No, I don't
نعم، أمانعYes I do
=======================================================
Asking about the way السؤال عن الطريق
19. كيف نسأل عن الطريق؟
Excuse me, can you show me the way to?
Excuse me, how can I get to....?
كيف ندل الناس على الطريق؟
ّ
Go straight on.
سر إلى المام دون إلتفاف
Turn right.
لف على اليمين
Turn left .
لف على اليسار
Go past....
...............تجاوز
Take the first street on the right.
.خذ أول طريق على اليمين
Take the second street on the left.
.خذ ثاني طريق على اليسار
.................. إنه بجانب
It's next to.....
It's behind.........
............... إنه خلف
It's near.....
............... إنه بالقرب من
It's in front of....
............... إنه أمام
You'll find it in front of you.
سوف تجدها أمامك
==========================================================
The Conditional ة
ل الشرطي
الجم
) لو أو إذا( و جزء ثاني يحمل النتيجة التي ممكن أنIf تتكون الجمل الشرطية من جزئين. جزء يبتدأ بكلمة
.تحصل إذا توفر الشرط الموجود في الجزء الول
If I have time tomorrow ,
I'll call you
:وتنقسم الجمل الشرطية إلى ثلثة أنواع
CONDITIONAL TYPE 1
If + Simple present ------→ simple future
If I
have
time [Simple Present] ,
I 'll visit
you
[Simple Future]
20. (نستخدم هذا النوع إذا كان الشرط و النتيجة المتوقعة قابلين للتحقيق. في هذا المثال ) لو عندي وقت سأزورك
الشرط و النتيجة قابلين للتحقيق
في المضارع البسيطif نلحظ أن الفعل في الجزء الذي يبتدأ ب
و الفعل في الجزء الثاني في المستقبل
:يمكننا أن نعكس مواقع الجزء الول و الجزء الثاني و يبقى المعنى هو نفسه فنقول
I 'll visit
I will = I'll
you , If I
have
time
I will not = I won't
Exercise
I) Put the words between brackets in the correct form
1.
If I see Ahmed , I ----------------( talk ) to him.
2.
I'll help you if you --------------------(ask )me.
3.
What will you do when you---------------- ( get ) the Bac.?
4.
When I get married I ---------------- ( have ) a lot of children.
5.
If it ------------- ( rain ) tomorrow, Aicha won't come to school.
6.
Where ------------------( you go ) when you get your holidays?
7.
If I ---------------------( be )hungry , I’ll have a sandwich.
8.
I ---------------------( not visit ) you if you invite me.
9.
If you pray , you -------------------( go ) to Heaven.
10. I ----------------( be ) happy when the school year is over
Answers:
1.
If I see Ahmed , I -----'ll talk------------( talk ) to him.
2.
I'll help you if you --------ask----------------(ask )me.
3.
What will you do when you------get------------- ( get ) the Bac.?
4.
When I get married I ---'ll have-------- ( have ) a lot of children.
5.
If it ----rains--- ( rain ) tomorrow, Aicha won't come to school.
6.
Where ---will you go--( you go ) when you get your holidays?
21. 7.
If I ----------am--------( be )hungry , I’ll have a sandwich.
8.
I ------won't visit-------( not visit ) you if you invite me.
9.
If you pray , you ----'ll go--------( go ) to Heaven.
10. I -----'ll be -------( be ) happy when the school year is over
The Conditional 2ة
ل الشرطي
الجم
If + simple past ------→ would + infinitive (without to )
If I had a plane [Simple Past] I would travel all around the world [would + infinitive].
.نستخدم هذا النوع إذا كان الشرط و النتيجة المتوقعة غير قابلين للتحقيق أو أن نسبة تحقيقهما ضئيلة جدا
في هذا المثال: )لو عندي طائرة سأسافرحول العالم( ----الشرط و النتيجة يصعب تحقيقهما
:يمكننا أن نعكس مواقع الجزء الول و الجزء الثاني و يبقى المعنى هو نفسه فنقول
I
would travel
all around the world ,
If I
had
Exercise
I) Put the words between brackets in the correct form
1. If I had a lot of money , I --------- ( build) a mosque.
2. I’d change the educational system if I ----- ( be ) Minister of Education.
3. What ---------------( you do ) if you had a gun?
4. If I had wings , I -----------( fly) in the sky.
5. Would you help poor people if you --------- ( be) a millionaire?
6. If I were invisible , I--------(do ) many amazing things.
7. If Israel didn’t exist, the world -------------( be ) much better.
8. Where ----------( you go ) if you won a lot of money?
9. What would you do if you ---( find ) a wallet full of money in the street?
10. I would run away if I ---------- ( see ) a lion in the street.
Answers
1. If I had a lot of money , I would build------- ( build) a mosque.
a plane
22. 2. I’d change the educational system if I ----were------- ( be ) Minister of Education.
3. What --------would you do-----------( you do ) if you had a gun?
4. If I had wings , I --------would fly----( fly) in the sky.
5. Would you help poor people if you ----were------------ ( be) a millionaire?
6. If I were invisible , I--------'d do---------(do ) many amazing things.
7. If Israel didn’t exist, the world -----would be-------( be ) much better.
8. Where -----would you go----------( you go ) if you won a lot of money?
9. What would you do if you ------found----( find ) a wallet full of money in the
street?
10. I would run away if I -------saw-------- ( see ) a lion in the street
The Conditional 3ة
ل الشرطي
الجم
If + past perfect ------→ would have +past participle
If you had asked me [past perfect] , I would have helped you [would have +past
participle].
نستخدم هذا النوع لنتحسر عن شيء ما كان ليحصل لو توفر ت ظروف معينة
)لو طلبت مني المساعدة لساعدتك(---------لكنك لم تطلب مني المساعدة فلم أساعدك
( و الفعل في الجزءpast perfect) في الماضي التامif نلحظ أن الفعل في الجزء الذي يبتدأ ب
would have +past participle الثاني يبدأ ب
:يمكننا أن نعكس مواقع الجزء الول و الجزء الثاني و يبقى المعنى هو نفسه فنقول
I would have helped you , If you had asked me
Exercise
1. If you had worked hard, you (pass) -------- -.
2. If the Arab world had been stronger, Iraq (not be) -----occupied by the Americans.
3. I (help)- ------- you if you had asked me.
4. What (you do)--------- -------------- if you had known?
5. If you( stay)---- ------- at home, you wouldn't have had that accident.
23. 6. She (find)--- ---------------- a job if she had been more lucky.
7. If Israel hadn't been created, the world (be) -------------more peaceful.
8. If I had listened to your parents advice, you (not have)-------------- --- that problem.
9. She would have got married if she (be) -----------more polite.
10. If you (tell)----- --------- your mother, she would have found a solution.
Answers
1. If you had worked hard, you (pass)----would have passed-------------------2. If the Arab world had been stronger, Iraq (not be) ----wouldn't have-been
occupied-----------------by the Americans.
3. I (help)-----------would have helped---- you if you had asked me.
4. What (you do)--------would you have done----- if you had known?
5. If you( stay)---had stayed----- at home, you wouldn't have had that accident.
6. She (find)-----------would have found------ a job if she had been luckier.
7. If Israel hadn't been created, the world (be) ----------would have been--------more
peaceful.
8. If I had listened to your parents advice, you (not have)------wouldn't have had-----that problem.
9. She would have got married if she (be) ----had been-------more polite.
10. If you (tell)------had told------ your mother, she would have found a solution
===========================================================
The Reported Speech الخطاب الغير مباشر
نستخدم صيغة الخطاب الغير المباشر عندما نريد أن نحكي لشخص ما قاله شخص آخر
I am hungry Ramy said ------------Ramy said that he was hungry
فيما يلي جدول يحتوي على صيغة الفعل في الخطاب المباشر وكيف يصبح في الخطاب الغير المباشر
Tense in the
direct form
تصريف الفعل في
الخطاب المباشر
Tense in the reported form
تصريف الفعل في الخطاب الغير مباشر
Verbs used to begin
the sentence in the
reported form
بعض الفعال التي نبدأ بها
24. الجملة
imperative
ex: Teacher:
Amine, go out
في الخطاب الغير مباشر
Infinitive
told -invited-orderedThe teacher ordered Amine to go
-begged
out
توسل- أمر- استضاف- قال
warned-advised
نصح - حذر
Present simple
ex: I have a car
Present
continuous
ex: I'm having a
nice time
Past simple
ex: I stole the
money
Past continuous
ex: I was
watching TV
Future simple
ex: I'll call you
Future
continuous
ex: I'll be waiting
for you
Present perfect
ex: I've never
seen this film
Past simple
He said that he had a car
Past continuous
She said that she was having a
.nice time
Past perfect
The thief admitted that he had
.stolen the money
Past perfect continuous
She said that she had been
watching TV
Would+infinitive
He said that he would call me
Would be+---ing
She said that she would be
.waiting for me
told-said-confessed-admitted
أقر- اعترف- قال - قال
declared-revealed
كشف- صرح
Past perfect
She told me that she had never
seen that film
Exercise
Rewrite these sentences in the reported speech.
1. I'm tired
Ali said that -----------------------------------------------------------------------2.The ministry is going to open a new school.
The minister revealed that-----------------------------------------------------------3.We lost a lot of soldiers
The army admitted that----------------------------------------------------------------
25. 4. I'll visit you
She said that----------------------------------------------------------------------5.I have never seen such a beautiful match.
The coach told reporters that--------------------------------------------------------Answers
1. I'm tired
Ali said that ---he was tired--------------------------------2.The ministry is going to open a new school.
The minister revealed that-------the ministry was going to open a new school----------3.We lost a lot of soldiers
The army admitted that------they had lost a lot of soldiers-------------------4. I'll visit you
She said that---------------she would visit me-------------------5.I have never seen such a beautiful match.
The coach told reporters that----he had never seen such a beautiful match---------------==========================================================
Describing People ف الشخا
ص
وص
كيف نوكون جمل في وصف أنفسنا و وصف الرخرين؟
ُك
نأخذ من كل خانة من الجدول أسفله كلمة بدأ من اليسار إلى اليمين فتتكون لنا جملة صحيحة في وصف جزء من
ً
.أجزاء جسدنا
I have a round face
He wears expensive clothes
I
You
He
She
have
has
a
long ;
مجعد
round ;
chubby ;
wrinkled
؛
سمين
؛ مستدير
أمتلك وجها مستديرا
يرتدي ملبس ثمينة
طويل
face
وجه
26. straight ; hooked ; flat ; big ; small
صغير ؛ كبير ؛ مسطح ؛ مقوس ؛ مستقيم
; Fair ;
أبيض
dark ; healthy-looking
؛ داكن
صحي
unhealthy-looking
شاحب
straight ; curly ; wavy ; frizzy ; long ;short
قصير ؛ طويل ؛ مجعد؛ متموج؛ متموج ؛ مستقيم
; thick ;thinning; shiny ; blond ; grey
؛لمع ؛ رخفيف ؛ سميك
؛ أشقر
رمادي
; Black ;
brown
أسود
بني ؛
big blue -
small - watery - narrow
- sad
حزينتين - ضيقتين - دامعتين - صغير - كبير
brown black
green
أزرق
- أسود - بني
أرخضر
nose
أنف
complexion
بشرة
hair
شعر
eyes
عينين
العمر
It
We
You
They
young ; a teenager ; in his early twenties ; in his late thirties
؛ صغير
في نهابة الثليثينات ؛ في بداية العشرينات ؛ مراهق
middle-aged ;
elderly ;
old
متوسط العمر
؛ كبير السن؛
كبير السن
am
are
البنية
is
fat ;
thin ;
نحيف ؛ سمين
overweight; slim; tall ; short ; muscular
ذو عضلت ؛ قصير ؛ طويل ؛ نحيف ؛ وزن زائد ؛
المظهر
good-looking ; plain ; beautiful ; well-dressed ; ugly ; bald
جميل ؛ عادي ؛ وسيم
أصلع ؛ قبيح ؛ أنيق؛
(wear)s
;scruffy ; old ; new ; cheap ; expensive
غالية ؛ ررخيصة ؛ جديدة ؛ بالية ؛ غير مرتبة
traditional ;
neat
تقليدية
مرتبة ؛
Clothes
ملبس
سمات أرخرى
have(has) a scar ; wear(s) glasses ; have (has) a beard ; have (has) a moustache
عليه أيثر جرح
يلبس نظارات ؛
عنده لحية ؛
له شنب؛
27. ===========================================================
Some Irregular Verbs 1ل الشاذ
ة
ض الفعا
بع
Verbs that do not add -ed to change form. common errors: I payed (paid) a lot for
my new shoes. Someone stoled (stole) my old shoes.
example sentences : مثالI bought them at a department store. I chose a black pair.
في الماضي لهاed وهي الفعال التي ل يتم إضافة حرفي
paid اشتريت والمفروض تكونpayed مثل الخطأ الشائع في
وstoled سرق والصح أن تكونstole
َ ُ َقِ و
Infinitive
Past simple
Past participle
Arabic
meaning
1
2
3
4
5
To be
To beat
To become
To begin
To bend
was/were
beat
became
began
bent
been
beaten
become
begun
bent
فعل مساعد
هزم
أصبح
بدأ
إنحنى
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
To bet
To bite
To blow
To break
To bring
To build
To burn
To burst
To buy
To catch
To choose
To come
To cost
To cut
To dig
To do
To draw
To dream
To drink
To drive
To eat
bet
bit
blew
broke
brought
built
burnt
burst
bought
caught
chose
came
cost
cut
dug
did
drew
dreamt
drank
drove
ate
bet
bitten
blown
broken
brought
built
burnt
burst
bought
caught
chosen
come
cost
cut
dug
done
drawn
dreamt
drunk
driven
eaten
أقسم
عض
ّ
نفخ
كسر
جلب
بنى
حرق
إنفجر
اشترى
قبض
اختار
أتى
يساوي
قطع
حفر
فعل
رسم
حلم
شرب
ساق
أكل
28. 27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
To fall
To feel
To fight
To find
To fly
To forgive
To forget
To freeze
To get
To give
To go
To grow
To hang
To have
To hear
To hold
To hurt
To keep
To lead
To leave
To lend
To let
To light
To lose
To make
To mean
53
fell
felt
fought
found
flew
forgave
forgot
froze
got
gave
went
grew
hung
had
heard
held
hurt
kept
led
left
lent
let
lit
lost
made
meant
fallen
felt
fought
found
flown
forgiven
forgotten
frozen
got
given
gone
grown
hung
had
heard
held
hurt
kept
led
left
lent
let
lit
lost
made
meant
met
met
To meet
To pay
To put
To read
To ride
To rise
To run
To say
To see
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
paid
put
read
rode
rose
ran
said
saw
paid
put
read
ridden
risen
run
said
seen
دفع الثمن
وضع
قرأ
)ركب)حيوان
ارتفع
ركض
قال
To seek
To sell
To send
To shake
To shoot
To shut
To sing
To sink
To sit
sought
sold
sent
shook
shot
shut
sang
sank
sat
sought
sold
sent
shaken
shot
shut
sung
sunk
sat
بحث
باع
أرسل
إرتعش
)أطلق)النار
أغلق
غنى
غرق
جلس
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
سقط
شعر
حارب
وجد
طار
سامح
نسي
جمد
حصل على
أعطى
ذهب
زرع/ نمى
علق
فعل مساعد
سمع
مسك
جرح
إحتفظ
قاد
ترك
أعار
ترك
أشعل
فقد
صنع
يعني
قابل
رأى
29. 71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
To sleep
To speak
To spend
To spit
To spread
To stand
To steal
To stick
To sting
To strike
To swear
To swim
To take
To teach
To tear
To tell
To think
To throw
To wake
To wear
To weave
To weep
To win
To write
slept
spoke
spent
spat
spread
stood
stole
stuck
stung
struck
swore
swam
took
taught
tore
told
thought
threw
woke
wore
wove
wept
won
wrote
slept
spoken
spent
spat
spread
stood
stolen
stuck
stung
struck
sworn
sum
taken
taught
torn
told
thought
thrown
woken
worn
woven
wept
won
written
نام
تكلم
أنفق
بصق
انتشر
وقف
سرق
لصق
لسع
ضرب
أقسم
سبح
أخذ
درس
ّ
مزق
أخبر
فكر/اعتقد
رمى
أيقض
ارتدى
نسج
بكى
فاز
كتب
