1. 1 Examples of the pervasiveness and patterns of VAW

2. So I take a blanket and I spend the night with my children out in the cold because he is hitting me too much. I have to take the kids to stop him hitting them too. I would go out in the fields and sleep there all night. I have done that more than ten times… Woman interviewed in Peru 2

3. How common is physical or sexual violence in women’s lives? (WHO study) 3

5. Between 15% (Japan) and 71% (Ethiopia) of ever-partnered women experienced physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner. (WHO study, 2005)

7. In almost 100% of cases the abuser was the father of the unborn child

8. Between one-quarter to half of these women reported being punched or kicked in the stomach(WHO study, 2005) 5

9. Overlap lifetime physical and sexual violence not always the same patterns Urban sites PERU THAILAND 29% 20% 3% 11% 12% 18% phys viol sex viol phys viol sex viol SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO 17% 5% 1% physical viol sexual viol 6

10. Partner violence is usually a course of conduct and different types of violence often go together Globally, one-third to one-half of all physically abused women also report sexual violence Almost all physically abused women also experience severe emotional abuse 7

11. Emot.alone: 23.5% (1073) No violence:42.5% (1939) Ph+Sex+ Emot: 6.8% (312) Ph+Emot: 20.1% (916) Emot+Sex: 2.5% (114) Sex. alone: 0.9% (39) Ph. alone: 3.6% (162) Ph+Sex: 0.1% (6) Ph: Physical violence Sex: Sexual violence Emot: Emotional abuse Overlap of lifetime prevalence of physical and sexual violence and emotional abuse by husbands, among ever-married women, Viet Nam 2010 (N=4561)

12. My husband slaps me, has sex with me against my will and I have to conform. Before being interviewed I didn't really think about this. I thought this is only natural. This is the way a husband behaves. Woman interviewed in Bangladesh Many women internalize social norms justifying abuse 9

13. “ There are certain behaviours that are expected of a married woman, and if you don't and your husband beats you up, then it's ok. It's like a parent disciplines a child. Health worker interviewed in Samoa. ” 10