1. Imperialism in the18 th & 19 th
Centuries

2. IMPERIALISM (1770s-1914)
Industrialized nations (Europe, U.S.,
Russia, and later Japan)
strengthened their control over their
colonies AND established
transoceanic empires throughout
Asia, the Pacific, and Africa.
Imperialism is this extension of
political and economic control.

3. European Colonies - 1700

4. Industrialized nations control
by 1900

7. The partition of Africa 1800s

8. Scramble for Africa
 By 1914, 90% of Africa under European control
 France Northwest Africa
 Britain from Egypt to South Africa
 Belgium in the Congo (central Africa)
 Italy in Libya and Eastern Africa
 Portugal in southern Africa
 Germany in scattered areas
 Berlin Conference in 1885 sets ground rules for
European colonization of Africa

9. The Rhodes
Colossus
©2012, TESCCC

10. The partition of Africa 1914

11. Scramble for Africa
 Consequences
 Traditional way of life disrupted
 Economic exploitation of Africans
 European racism imported into Africa
 Spread of European culture
 Spread of Western technology

12. An example from China- the
Opium Wars 1830s

13. Silver to China!

14. Tea & Silk
from China

16. Opium Warehouse - India

20. BLOCKADE OF FOREIGN
FACTORIES

21. Opium War 1839

23. Treaty of Nanjing

27. The British Empire 19th century

28. WHY did industrialized
nations seek to control
other areas of the world in
the 18th and 19th centuries?

29. Western nations wanted:
PROFIT!!
Industrialized
nations wanted
access to:
 raw materials for
their factories

30.  markets for their factory products

31.  To control the trade of valuable
products around the world.

32.  Missionaries, aid societies, and
others wanted to “Christianize”
and/or “civilize” people in less
developed regions.

34. HOW did they do it?
Industrialized nations:
 Used their stronger militaries
(using superior firepower,
military technology, & navies)

37. U.S. Troops in the Philippines

38. Industrialized nations:
 Used their wealth for influence
 Had support by industrialists,
military, and religious groups

39. Industrialized nations had:
 Medicines and medical technology

40. JUSTIFICATION for
Imperialism
 Widespread belief among
imperial powers that European
(or Japanese) races SHOULD
dominate the world.
 SOCIAL DARWINISM – survival
of the world’s best races

43. British control of India

44. Britain (United Kingdom)
Includes England, Scotland, Wales,
Ireland
 Largest colonial empire
 “Sun never sets on the British Empire”
 Colonies established to protect trading interests in Africa
and Asia
 Two kinds of colonies
 “White” Colonies (Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South
Africa) Populated mainly by people that moved there from
Britain
 Given self-rule
 “Non-white” Colonies (India, Africa)
 Under indirect rule
 Populated mainly by people who are native to the area
 Few people from Britain actually live there – but control the
government

45. Common advertisement during Imperialism
What is being
advertised?
Where is this taking
place?
How can you tell?
What is going on?
What does it tell us
about imperialism /
colonialism?
Who was the queen
at the time?

46. A British Merchant's Home in Colonial India

47. European Imperialism in India
 Consequences of British Imperialism in India
 British educational system established
 Spread of English language
 Railroads tie India together
 Rise of Indian middle class