This is the second phase of presentation for RD30002, at IIT Kharagpur. The topic for this presentation is: "Storage of Agricultural Products".

1. Transfer and
Management of Rural
Technology
RD30002
Guided By : Prof. S C Mahapatra , Prof. P K Bhowmick

2. Storage of Agricultural
Products
Abhirup Mallik (07SI2033)
Abhisek Prasad (07CS1013)
Alimpan Barua (07CS1002)
Nandish Tella (07CS1018)
Yatendra Dalal (07CS3021)

3. INTRODUCTION
 Agriculture is the Backbone of the Indian
economy. Around 70% of the country’s
population depend on it.
 India Ranks second worldwide in terms of
agriculture produce. The Agricultural
produce in India feeds a population of 1
billion apart from exports.
 Agriculture produce includes produce from
farms, poultry, dairy, fishery etc.

4. INTRODUCTION
 The Agriculture in India is seasonal and
the products has to be stored for a long
time.
 So there has to be proper storage facilities
to ensure that the sweat and blood of the
farmers don’t go in vain.
 For this we have to ensure that the
farmers use good practices for storage
which is the aim of our field study

5. The main aim of our field study
 To know the main agricultural products and
their storage methods being followed in
chitripur and nearby villages
 To understand the various storage methods
and analyze them.
 To come to a conclusion about the most
suitable methods that can be followed after
analyzing the financial conditions of the people
and the climatic conditions of the region.
 To suggest the villagers some better methods.

6. The report mainly consists
about the details of :-
 The agricultural products
 Their processing
 Storing of agricultural
products

7. Agricultural Products
The major agricultural products are :
Milk
Fish
Eggs
Meat
Sesame (til) oil
Mustard (sarisha) seed
Paddy
By-products

8. Milk
 The main source of
milk in the village is
cows, buffaloes and
goats.
 Milk is mainly used
for consumption
within the village
 No storage is
required.

9. Fish
 Fish is grown in the
local ponds that are
owned by the people.
 Fishermen are called
from outside. They buy
the fish and sell them in
the market the same
day.
 Hence, no storage is
required.

10. Eggs and Meat
 Egg is primarily
obtained from hen and
duck.
 Meat is obtained from
goat and chicken.
 It is consumed
domestically.
 No storage required.

11. Sesame Oil
 Sesame seeds are
produced as secondary
crop in the village.
 Farmers sell sesame
seeds directly to the
market.
 Sesame is very
profitable but the
demand is not
appreciable for this its
considered as
secondary crop.

12. Storage of Sesame
 Sesame seeds are stored in polythene or
jute bags.
 Sesame oil is extracted in a oil mill near
the village.
 The oil obtained from the mill is stored and
used for domestic purpose.

13. Paddy
 Paddy is produced two
times a year.
 ‘Aush’ and ‘Boro’ are the
types of paddy grown at
Chitripur.
 Among these, ‘Boro’ is
the most profitable type,
because of better
produce and better
quality of paddy grains.

14. Processing of Paddy

15. Processing of Paddy
 Paddy when reaped from the field, can be
directly stored after separating it from the hay.
It might also be stored in the form of rice after
processing.
Processing is done by boiling the raw paddy on
large chulhas.
Then the paddy is left in large tanks of water for
2 to 3 days.
After the husks begin to separate from the rice,
the paddy is left to dry under the Sun.
Then, the paddy is taken to mills to separate the
rice from the husks completely.
The final product is stored in jute bags.

16. Stages in the storage of Paddy

17. Storage of Paddy
 Paddy is dumped
on the floor, if it is
not stored on the
ground floor.
 This is because rats
create holes on the
ground and siphon
away the rice.

18. Storage of Paddy
If paddy has been
processed to rice, it is
stored in jute bags.
This is because even
a little amount of
moisture can cause
the rice to rot.

19. Byproducts of Paddy
Rice Husk obtained
from the paddy is
mostly used for
feeding the domestic
animals.
It is also stored in
gunny bags and sold
later to ice factories.

20. Byproducts of Paddy
Hay is obtained
from paddy and is
used for the purpose
of feeding the cattle
or for thatching the
roof.
It is stored by
stacking it at an open
place as shown
alongside.

21. Our Inferences :
Requirements of storage
• Selection of site
• Selection of storage structure
• Cleaning and fumigation
• Drying and cleaning grains
• Cleaning of bags
• Separate storage of new and old stock
• Proper aeration
• Regular inspection

22. Suggestions:
Storage Structures
Traditional storage structures
 Mud bin: Made by bricks and mud or by straw and cow
dung. These are usually cylindrical in shape with varying
capacity.
 Bamboo reed bin: Made by bamboo splits plastered
with mixture of mud and cow dung.
 Thekka: These are made up of gunny or cotton cloth
wound around wooden support and generally in
rectangular shape.
 Metal drums: Made up with iron sheets in cylindrical
and square shape with various sizes.
 Gunny bags: Made up of jute.

23. Suggestions:
Storage Structures
Improved storage structures
 Improved bins: Different organisations developed and
designed improved storage structures for scientific
storage of food grains, which are moisture resistant and
rodent-proof. These are:
a) Pusa Kothi c) Nanda bins e) PKV bins
b) PAU bins d) Hapur Kothi f) Chittore
stone bins etc.
 Brick-build godowns :-These are made by brick-walls
with cemented flooring for storing paddy/rice in bulk and
bags.

24. Suggestion:
Storage Structures
 Cement plastered bamboo bin: This bin developed by
Post Harvest Technology Centre, Kharagpur, in which
bamboo strips are used to form the skeleton of the bin
and cement-sand mortar (1:2.5 ratio) is plastered on
outer and inner surface of the bin.
 CAP (Cover and plinth) storage: It is an economical
way of storage on a large scale. The plinth is made by
cement concrete and bags are staked on open and
covered by polythene cover.
 Silos: Silos are used for storage of food grains. These
are made from concrete, bricks and metallic materials
with loading and unloading equipment.

25. Suggestions:
Storage Facilities
 Producer’s storage
 Rural godowns
 Mandi godowns
 Central Warehousing Corporation
 State Warehousing Corporation
 Co-operatives

26. Our Experience
 We enjoyed a lot during our interaction
with the people of the village. They were
very kind and ready to share information
about their farms , revenue , storage and
their methods of cultivation.

27. Our Experience

28. THANK YOU