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101 Virtualization and Private Cloud
1.
2. Some Facts
• About 7 Million Server are shipped every Year
• 6 Million of them are x86 Intel Architecture
• The number of transistors per square inch will double
approximately every 18 months
• Moore's law
• VMware figured out how to virtualize the x86 platform
• And created the market for x86 virtualization
4. Capacity Utilization
• 20% of the servers assessed were running below 0.5% utilization
• 75% of the assessed servers were running below 5% utilization
5. Mishap of Traditional Server Architecture
• Underutilization of Servers
• Datacenter Space
• Energy Consumption
• Increase in CO2 emissions
• Management Complexity
• Increasing IT Cost
• IT Compliance issues
6.
7. Virtualization
Virtualization, in computing, is the creation of a virtual
(rather than actual) version of something, such as a
hardware platform, operating system, a storage device or
network resources
- From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
9. 9
Virtualization…for good reasons
Server consolidation Energy efficiency Rapid IT service
deployment
Non-disruptive
maintenance
Dynamic resource
balancing
Cost-effective HA/DR
14. Rings in virtualization
Traditional systems
• Operating system runs in privileged mode in Ring 0
and owns the hardware
• Applications run in Ring 3 with less privileges
Virtualized systems
• VMM runs in privileged mode in Ring 0
• Guest OS inside VMs are fooled into thinking they
are running in Ring 0, privileged instructions are
trapped and emulated by the VMM
15. Full Virtualization
• Complete simulation of the underlying hardware
• Hypervisor contains the Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM)
• Guest OS unchanged
• Guest uses generic device drivers
16. Para Virtualization
• The guest OSs cooperate in the virtualization process
• Guest OSs are modified, it requires paravirtualized drivers
• Thin layer for hypervisor
• Offers performance near that of an unvirtualized system
17. What Virtualization Provides
• Hardware independence – VM
sees the same hardware
regardless of the host hardware
• Isolation – VM’s operating
system is isolated from the host
operating system
• Encapsulation – Entire VM
encapsulated into a single file
18. Where Virtualization is used ...
• Server Virtualization
• Application Virtualization
• Desktop Virtualization or VDI
19. Server Virtualization
• Deploy multiple OS on
physical servers
• Optimum Utilization of
Resources
• Space utilization efficiency
• Easy Migration of machines
• Easy and effective DR /
BCP
20. Desktop Virtualization or VDI
• Easy Provisioning
• Centralized Management
• Reduced downtime in the event
of hardware-failures
• Desktop image-management
capabilities
• Longer refresh cycle for client
desktop infrastructure
21. • Application Isolation
• Improved Provisioning
• Improved Auditing
• Improved IT Control
• Improved End User Agility
– True portability
– Anywhere Access and hot
desking
Application Virtualization
24. Windows
Server 2008
VSP
Windows
Kernel
Hyper-V Architecture
Applications Applications Applications
Non-
Hypervisor
Aware OS
Windows Server
2003, 2008
Windows
Kernel VSC
VMBus Emulation
“Designed for Windows” Server Hardware
Windows hypervisor
Xen-Enabled
Linux Kernel
Linux
VSC
Hypercall Adapter
Parent
Partition
Child Partitions
VM Service
WMI Provider
VM Worker
Processes
OS
ISV / IHV / OEM
Microsoft Hyper-V
Microsoft / XenSource
User
Mode
Kernel
Mode
Provided by:
Ring -1
IHV
Drivers
VMBus
VMBus
Applications
33. Virtualization - It's about Infrastructure
• Optimizing resource utilization
• Manual management of resources like upgrades, patches
and maintenance etc.
• Manual monitoring and usage
• Doesn't provide self service commissioning of resources
34. Private Cloud - It's about Service Delivery
• Dynamic commissioning and de-commissioning of
machines/resources
• Provides self service commissioning of resources
• Automatic and centralized management of available resource
pool
• Automatic management of resources like upgrades, patches and
maintenance etc.
35. Automation
Microsoft Dynamic Data Center (Private Cloud)
Servers Storage Network Load-Balancing
Active
Directory®
MixedInfrastructure
An observation made by Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in 1965Read more: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/mooreslaw.asp#ixzz1da6MK79l
Data collected from more than 300,000 servers running in thousands of companies around the world
VMware CapacityPlanner tool
The desire to virtualize results from the clear and tangible benefits for company’s of all sizes. It holds the potential to transform business by making them more cost effective, more agile, and more resilient to infrastructure failures.
Server consolidation helps reduce capital outlays for server infrastructure purchases and ensures optimal asset utilization. With fewer servers per workload in the IT environment, company’s also benefit from improved power efficiency.
Unlike physical servers, virtual servers do not require hardware specific device drivers nor is it necessary to interact with hardware to configure RAID levels, BIOS settings, or network setting. This means that new OS instances and applications can be deployed in a fraction of the time required for physical servers.
Because of capabilities like Hyper-V live migration, it is possible to migrate virtual machines among host servers without interrupting the application. This means that server BIOS and firmware updates can occur without taking applications offline, and it is possible to more dynamically match workload demands with the existing supply of compute resources.
Finally, server virtualization has brought about a revolution in high availability and disaster recovery. With server instances captured on the SAN, it is now possible to replicate those images across long distances. If a site outage occurs it is possible to rapidly restart VM’s on infrastructure in a DR site without having to have identical hardware configurations at each location.
x86 CPUs provide a range of protection levels also known as rings in which code can execute. Ring 0 has the highest level privilege and is where the operating system kernel normally runs. Code executing in Ring 0 is said to be running in system space, kernel mode or supervisor mode. All other code such as applications running on the operating system operate in less privileged rings, typically Ring 3.
Full virtualization uses a special kind of software called a hypervisor. The hypervisor interacts directly with the physical server's CPU and disk space. It serves as a platform for the virtual servers' operating systems. The hypervisor keeps each virtual server completely independent and unaware of the other virtual servers running on the physical machine. Each guest server runs on its own OS -- you can even have one guest running on Linux and another on Windows.
The para-virtualization approach is a little different than the full virtualization technique, the guest servers in a para-virtualization system are aware of one another. A para-virtualization hypervisor doesn't need as much processing power to manage the guest operating systems, because each OS is already aware of the demands the other operating systems are placing on the physical server. The entire system works together as a cohesive unit.
On the left:
Inherent Attributes of any cloud solution (this is typically what people think of when they think of Public Cloud)
On the Right:
Bringing in Optimized Management, and control for compliance reasons (these are unique to a Private Cloud Solution)
Together they make up the Private Cloud.
Microsoft and SUSE have developed joint support capabilities to provide compatibility across their virtual machine platforms by taking advantage of the similarity between Hyper-V and Xen Hypervisor. Hyper-V lets IT administrators see how they might consolidate servers, standardize the Linux platform on SUSE Linux Enterprise server for increased performance, and reduce maintenance time with Microsoft System Center.
Customers and hosting providers can build on-premises, private-cloud, infrastructure-as-a-service that scales across multiple-source operating systems and applications that use existing hardware and software.
In addition to addressing bilateral virtualization, the technical collaboration agreement between Microsoft and SUSE includes collaboration on key systems management standards and directory and identity interoperability, both of which will be critical in helping customers deploy virtual infrastructures that span the Windows and SUSE Linux platforms.
System Center Virtual Machine Manager enables IT staff to manage virtualization products and operating systems and applications from multiple vendors, including Linux and VMware ESX. System Center Operations Manager supports monitoring of systems that are not running on Windows, including Linux.
Sources:
http://www.moreinterop.com/Customers/HelloMagazine.aspx?autostart=/~/media/Files/PDFs/Customers_Realize_Benefits_of_MS_NOV_agreement.ashx
http://www.moreinterop.com/Customers/AuburnUniversity.aspx?autostart=/~/media/Files/PDFs/WebDeal Case Study_Final_low res.ashx
http://www.moreinterop.com/download.aspx?filePath=/upload/MediaFiles/Files/PDFs/WP_Deploying_Virtual_Infrastructure_OSs_Final.pdf
Resource Use: Microsoft Windows HPC Dual-Boot Servers and SUSE
Provides a common approach for managing jobs
Automatically balances load across systems
Supports common processes across Linux and Windows
Source: http://www.moreinterop.com/Customers/Leading%20Automotive%20Company.aspx?autostart=/~/media/Files/PDFs/WebDeal Case Study_Final_low res.ashx
Ease of Management: Adaptive Computing MOAB Suite
Supports allocation of jobs based on required service level
Switches OS automatically, based on job requirements
Keeps resource use optimized
Source: http://www.microsoft.com/casestudies/Microsoft-Visual-Studio-2008-Professional-Edition/University-of-Cambridge/Interoperable-Supercomputer-Attracts-Wider-User-Base-at-Leading-University/4000003195
Streamlined Support: SUSE Expanded Support
Provides a single point of contact
Is discounted up to 50 percent
Source: http://www.moreinterop.com/Customers/MoneyGram.aspx?autostart=/~/media/Files/PDFs/Customers_Realize_Benefits_of_MS_NOV_agreement.ashx
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The information presented herein is current as of May 16, 2011. It is from the publicly available internet sites of the respective companies as of May 16, 2011. Microsoft does not warrant that the content herein is accurate, complete, current, or free of technical or typographical errors. Further, information provided may no longer be true. It is your responsibility to verify any information before relying on it.