1. Ahmet Soylu
KU Leuven, KULAK, Belgium
Promotor: Co-supervisors:
Prof. Patrick De Causmaecker Prof. Piet Desmet
Prof. Erik Duval
Public PhD Defense, Kortrijk, Belgium, 18 May 2012

2. Outline
 Introduction
 Background
 Problem Statement
 Objectives
 Requirements
 Approach
 Contributions
 The Two-use of Ontologies
 Widgetization
 Personal Environments
 Conclusions
 Future Research
 Future Trends
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 2

3. Introduction
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 3

4. Background
Individual interaction
user-models
adaptivity = intelligence
interaction
Collective
context
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven – KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 4

5. Background
 Problems
 Development/developer perspective,
 End-user perspective.
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 5

6. Problem Statement
End-user perspective Developer/development perspective
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7. Objectives
 to provide abstract development approaches and
methods to facilitate sustainable and rapid
development and management (conceptual)
 to enable end-users to be aware of relevant context,
conceive adaptive behaviors, and to be involved in
adaptation process (conceptual)
 to enable end-users to form their own personal and
pervasive environments (apps., appliances etc.) and
orchestrate them (practical)
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8. Approach
 Web as a pervasive computing framework
 Application space, communication space, and information space
 Digital presence => widgets for encapsulation
 A uniform approach based on high level abstractions
 Abstractions as a medium of development, adaptivity and
interoperability
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven Campus Kortrijk, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 8

9. Approach
Overall research framework: (1) abstract development, (2) widgetization/ubiquitous
access, (3) personal environments, (4) end-user involvement.
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 9

10. Outline
 Introduction
 Background
 Problem Statement
 Objectives
 Requirements
 Approach
 Contributions
 The Two-use of Ontologies
 Widgetization
 Personal Environments
Individual level
 Conclusions
 Future Research
 Future Trends
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 10

11. The Two-use of Ontologies
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 11

12. The Two-use of Ontologies
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 12

13. The Two-use of Ontologies
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 13

14. The Two-use of Ontologies
Three modeling paradigms
A uniform approach
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 14

15. The Two-use of Ontologies
A methodology for merging Model Driven
Development and Ontologies
Practical challenges:
- Logic layer
- OWL to Java/SQL etc.
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 15

16. Outline
 Introduction
 Background
 Problem Statement
 Objectives
 Requirements
 Approach
 Contributions
 The Two-use of Ontologies
 Widgetization
 Personal Environments
Collective level
 Conclusions
 Future Research
 Future Trends
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 16

17. Widgetization
 Ubiquitous Web Navigation
Approach, method and heuristics
for specifying, extracting,
presenting embedded semantic
data
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18. Widgetization
 Data oriented and document oriented considerations
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 18

19. Widgetization
 Embedded Semantics
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20. Widgetization
Approach
1 -Document
preparation
a) Metadata level
b) Domain level
c) Navigation level
2- Extraction,
Reasoning and
Presentation
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21. Widgetization
 Architecture
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 21

22. Widgetization
 Prototype
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 22

23. Widgetization
 Evaluation
 Performance => Extraction and Reasoning
 Efficiency => Precision
 Usability => No major usability problem
 Content organization => Observed vs. Expected Precision
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 23

24. Outline
 Introduction
 Background
 Problem Statement
 Objectives
 Requirements
 Approach
 Contributions
 The Two-use of Ontologies
 Widgetization
 Personal Environments
Collective level
 Conclusions
 Future Research
 Future Trends
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 24

25. Personal Environments
 Widget-based UI mashups
 Challenges
 Widget Interoperability
▪ Data Interoperability, Application Interoperability and End-user
Data mobility
 Platform and Framework
 Orchestration
 Existing Work
 Inter-widget communication,
 Repository centric (e.g., Wookie),
 Design-oriented.
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 25

26. Personal Environments
 Application Interoperability Functional Widget Interfaces
(FWI) - platform activates through
dynamic binding
Interface details can be shared via a
handshake process or can be extracted
from the event logs
Event notifications and control
requests are communicated between
the platform and the widgets
through a communication channel
over a service provided by the
run-time system of the platform.
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 26

27. Personal Environments
 Data Interoperability Users/platform can move data from
one widget to another one
=> Semantics for data mediation
=> Copy and paste actions are
introduced as special events over
annotated data items (marked)
Ontological reasoning further
enhances data mediation
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 27

28. Personal Environments
 End-user data mobility
RDFa, microdata, eRDF, microformats
Graph matching
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 28

29. Personal Environments
 Platform
The platform is composed of two
primary layers : a run-time system
and a backend system.
The run-time resides at the client
(e.g., browser) and is responsible
for the operational tasks and the
delivery of standard platform
services (e.g., preference
management) to the widget
instances.
The backend system resides at the
server side and is responsible for the
persistence and decision making.
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 29

30. Personal Environments
 Behavior mining
 Input –input
 Output -input
 Workflow mining
We employ Colored Petri
Nets for representation.
(also important for
validation and verification)
Constraint:
pattern consists of a
triggering action and
one or at most two
parallel/alternative
actions
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 30

31. Personal Environments
 Pattern mining methodology
1. Find most frequent two follower actions for every action,
2. Mine the routing criteria.
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 31

32. Personal Environments
 Prototype
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 32

33. Personal Environments
 Evaluation
 Qualities of the approach => Openness, loosely coupled etc.
 Pattern mining => Label cardinality and density
 End-user experiments => Accuracy, precision, recall etc.
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 33

34. Outline
 Introduction
 Background
 Problem Statement
 Objectives
 Requirements
 Approach
 Contributions
 The Two-use of Ontologies
 Widgetization
 Personal Environments
 Conclusions
 Future Research
 Future Trends
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 34

35. Conclusions
 The Two-use of ontologies
 A conceptual framework,
 A conceptual approach,
 Directions.
 Widgetization
 A methodology,
 Heuristics for the end-user consumption,
 Personal Environments and Orchestration
 Interoperability framework,
 A generic platform,
 Automated widget orchestration.
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 35

36. Conclusions
 The Two-use of ontologies
 Logic layer is immature,
 Transformations are incomplete,
 A uniform approach yet to be realized.
 Widgetization
 Interactional elements need to be recreated,
 Other automated annotations mechanism are required.
 Personal Environments and Orchestration
 Standardization,
 Concept-drift problem,
 Online learning.
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 36

37. Future Work
Ontology-driven development of
“Programming” pervasive spaces
ontology –driven information systems
Interdisciplinary Research on Technology, Education and Communication, KU Leuven - KULAK, Belgium, www.itec-research.eu 37

38. Future Trends
 Web of Things and Web of Data
 Network Visualizations
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39. Q&A
Thank you for your attention!
?
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