how the Spanish colonize the Philippines and their strategies in colonizing the philippines

2.  On Easter Sunday, March 31,1521, a mass was held on
Masao’s shore. This was the first Catholic mass in the
Philippines and was officiated by Rev. Pedro de
Valderrama.
 It was attended by Magellan, King Kolambo and
Siago, Spanish voyagers and Filipinos.

3.  After the mass, Magellan
entertained the people of
Masao to spectacular display of
European tournament staged by
the best swordsmen of his
expedition
 At sundown, Magellan planted a
large wooden cross on the
summit of a hill overlooking the
sea.

4. •About the name of the place:
Pigaffeta said that the place was “Masua” ( three
syllable word) which is much closer to “masao”
• The Latitude Position:
records: 9 2/3 degrees, Limasawa is closer by 10
degrees, Masao exactly 9 degrees.
•Geographical Features: Masao fits the description
of Pigafetta: bonfires, balanghai, abundance of
gold, type of houses, Masao king, good beach etc.
Limasawa is rocky & thus difficult to hold Mass.

6.  Magellan landed on Cebu on
April 7, 1521 and on the sane
day he made a blood compact
with Humabon.
 On Sunday, April 14, 1521, a
mass was held on the shore of
Cebu and Humabon and his
warriors were impressed by
the sublime ceremony.
 Magellan planted a wooden
cross after the mass

7. Did the Cebuanos really accept Christianity?
• It was claimed that because 800 Filipinos
participated in the mass and underwent ritual
baptism, these were the first native converts to
Christianity. Magellan gave the image of Sto. Niño
to Queen Juanna, wife of Raha Humabon and his
expedition claimed to have made converts of the
Filipinos in the area.

8.  Redduccion policies
 Mass baptism
 Attitude of the Spanish missionaries

9.  At dawn of April 27, 1521, Magellan invaded Mactan with
an assault army of 60 steel-clad Spaniards in three
vessels and 1,000 Cebuano warriors in 30 baots.
 The Spanish invaders were beaten and forced back to
their boats .
 Magellan was wounded by a poisoned arrow in his right
leg; twice his iron helmet was knocked off and a Mactan
bamboo spear struck him on the face.

10.  Magellan’s voyage was the greatest maritime exploit of
mankind.
 Its results affected the course of history
 By him, Europe became aware that the greatest of all
oceans lies between the New world and Asia .
 It enhanced geographical knowledge and made
Europeans eager to explore and to conquer the pacific.
 It paved the way for Spanish colonization and
Christianization in the Philippines.

11.  The success of Magellan’s voyage give way for Spain’s
expansion to the orient.
 Five other expeditions successively headed by Loaisa,
Cabot, Saavedra, Villalobos and Legazpi were sent to
the east to conquer and colonize the Philippines.

12.  Due to lack of funds, Legazpi spent his own fortune to
finish the preparation of his expedition
 With a fleet of four ships and 380 men, he left
Natividad Mexico on November 21, 1564.
 He was accompanied by Father Urdaneta(acting as
chief pilot), Guido de Lavezaris, Melchor de Legazpi
and 5 agustinian Missionaries.

13.  He anchored near the island of Cebu on February 13,
1565, but due to Cebuano hostility , Lagazpi sailed to
Samar where he was welcomed by a friendly chief,
Urrao whom he made blood compact on February 22.
 On March 9, he landed at Limasawa and he was
welcomed by a young king named Bankaw.
 Later, legazpi landed on Bohol where he made blood
compact with Katuna.

14.  King Tupas of Cebu defied Spaniards .
 Spanish artillery and muskets won that day and Tupas
with his men retreated to the hills leaving his kingdom
in flames

15.  First conquest of Manila
 On May 8,1570, an expedition of Martin de Goiti left
Panay having a fighting force of 120 Spaniards and 600
Visayans .
 At that time, Manila was a Muslim kingdom under Raha
Sulayman.
 Sulayman refusing to submit to the Spaniards defended
his kingdom.
 May 24, 1570, Goiti and his men captured Manila.

16.  Second conquest of Manila
 After his victory, Goiti returned to Panay and told
Legazpi about the existence of Muslim kingdom by the
shore of Manila.
 The second conquest was bloodless event. Lakan dula ,
last king of Tondo accepted Legazpi.
 On May 19, 1571, Legazpi took possession of Manila.
 Legaspi establishes his government in Manila and
proclaims it the capital of the Philippines, calling it the
Insigne y Siempre Leal Ciudad which means
"distinguished and ever loyal city".

17.  The might of the Spanish sword and the martial
exploits of Spanish conquistadors, helped much in the
conquest but without the missionaries , the Spanish
colonization would not have been successful.
 By the acceptance of Christianity, the Filipinos became
the loyal subject of Spain.
 It is one of the history’s incredible facts that the overall
conquest of the Philippines was achieved more by the
cross than by the sword.

18.  The Sword and the Cross
These two symbols are what constituted the strategies
or tactics used by the Spaniards in invading the
Philippines. It made the pacification of the natives
easier. The cross symbolizes religion while the sword
symbolizes force.

19.  The Blood Compact
Through the blood compact of Magallanes and
Kulambo, Magallanes and Humabon, and even
Legazpi, Sikatuna and Gala, the natives were enticed.
This ritual symbolizes unity and is done by the
slashing of the wrist of both parties and drinking the
blood of the other fused with wine. The giving of gifts
of Spaniards to the datus and their families were also
strategies to occupy the Philippines.

20.  Reduccion
Reduccion is the centralization of the Filipino
community where churches, convents, casa real and
plaza complexes can be found. Plazas are where people
gather when there are events or celebrations like
festivals. By using this system, the Spaniards can easily
monitor the movements of Filipinos to prevent
protests and to collect the taxes easier. There are also
changes in the architectural designs of infrastructures.

21.  Divide et Impera (Divide and Rule)
In line with reduccion, the people were
categorized based on race and religion.
For the still rebellious places, entrada
was enforced. For those which are not,
Spain turned the citizens to soldiers
and were made to fight with their
fellow Filipinos.