1. Mrs. Thuleekarn Fongon
No.14
TESOL 5

2. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Active Voice
คือ ประโยคทีประธาน (subject) เป็นผู้กระทำากริยา (verb)
่
โดยตรง เช่น
- My mother drinks coffee.
- He has turned down all our suggestions.
- I went to the market yesterday.
- Susan can speak English.
 Passive Voice
คือ ประโยคทีประธาน (subject) เป็นผู้ถูกกระทำากริยา
่
(verb) โดยผู้อื่น หรือสิ่งอื่น โดยโครงสร้างประโยค
passive + verbคือ be + verb 3 (past participle) + (by)
subject voice to

3. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 การใช้ Verb to be ในประโยค passive จะเปลี่ยนไปตาม
ประธานของประโยค
ถ้าประธานเป็นเอกพจน์ ใช้ verb to be ทีเป็นเอกพจน์ ถ้า
่
ประธานเป็นพหูพจน์ ใช้
verb to be ที่เป็นเอกพจน์ด้วย รวมทั้งต้องใช้ verb to be ให้ถูก
ต้องตรงตาม
กาลภาวะ (Tense) ด้วย เช่น
- A letter was written by me.
- An apple is eaten by him.
- The students are punished by the teacher.
- Letters have been written by him.

4. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 หลักการเปลียนประโยค Active Voice เป็น Passive
่
Voice
2. เอากรรม (object) ของประโยค active ไปเป็นประธานใน
ประโยค passive
3. ใช้ Verb to be ให้สอดคล้องตามประธานและกาลภาวะที่
เปลี่ยนจากประโยค active
4. กริยาแท้ในประโยค active เมื่อนำามาใช้ในประโยค
passive ต้องเปลี่ยนเป็นกริยาช่องที่ 3 (Past participle)
เสมอ โดยวางไว้หลัง verb to be
กริ ย าในประโยค Passive Voice จะเป็ น กริ ย าประเภท
5. นำาประธานในประโยค active ไปเป็นกรรมในประโยค
“ Transitive Verb”
passive โดยมี by นำาหน้า
คื อ กริ ย าที ่ ต ้ อ งการกรรมมารองรั บ

5. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 ตัวอย่างการเปลียนประโยค Active Voice เป็น Passive Voi
่
ceในแต่ละกาลภาวะ (Tense)
1. Present Simple Tense
Active Voice Subject + Verb 1
Passive Voice Subject + (is, am, are) + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = He eats an apple.
Passive Voice = An apple is eaten by him.

6. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Present Continuous Tense
Active Voice Subject + (is, am, are) + Verb -ing
Passive Voice Subject + (is, am, are) + being +Verb3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = I am reading a textbook.
Passive Voice = A textbook is being read by me.

7. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Present Perfect Tense
Subject + (has, have) + been +Verb 3 + (by)
Active Voice
Subject + Verb to have (has, have) + Verb 3
Passive Voice
เช่น
Active Voice = You have broken the desk.
Passive Voice = The desk has been broken by you.

8. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Active Voice Subject + (has, have) +been + Verb -ing
Passive Voice Subject + (has, have) + been + being + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = Kim has been studying English for
two hours.
Passive Voice = English has been being studied for
two hours by Kim.

9. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 PastSimple Tense
Subject + Verb 2
Active Voice
Passive Voice Subject + Verb to be (was, were) +Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = Richard broke the window
yesterday.
Passive Voice = The window was broken by
Richard yesterday.

10. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 PastContinuous Tense
Active Voice Subject + (was, were) + Verb -ing
Passive Voice Subject + (was, were) + being + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = We were playing tennis.
Passive Voice = Tennis was being played by us.

11. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Past Perfect Tense
Active Voice Subject + had + Verb 3
Passive Voice Subject + had + been + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = I had visited my uncle before
I came here.
Passive Voice = My uncle had been visited by me
before I came here.

12. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Future Simple Tense
Active Voice Subject + (will, shall) + Verb 1
Passive Voice Subject + (will, shall) + be + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = I will sing songs tonight.
Passive Voice = Songs will be sung by me tonight.

13. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Future Continuous Tense
Active Voice Subject + (will, shall) + be + Verb -ing
Passive Voice Subject + (will, shall) + be + being + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = He will be washing the car at
ten o’clock tomorrow.
Passive Voice = The car will be being washed by him
at ten o’clock tomorrow.

14. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Future Perfect Tense
Active Voice Subject + (will, shall) + have + Verb 3
Passive Voice Subject + (will, shall) + have + been + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = she will have done her homework
tonight.
Passive Voice = Her homework will have been done
by her tonight.

15. EXERCISE
Active Voice and Passive Voice
Passive Voice
Directions: Change the following sentences from active voice to passive voice.
1.I am writing a report.
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2. The hunter wounded the lion.
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3. The girl who is lovely reads a magazine.
___________________________________________________________________
4. Jeff has declared his innocence.
___________________________________________________________________
5. They can play football.
____________________________________________________________________
6. He confessed his crime.
___________________________________________________________________
7. The old man is smoking a cigarette.
___________________________________________________________________
8. We were playing tennis.
___________________________________________________________________
9. I have been teaching them since 2006.
___________________________________________________________________
10. Your drunkenness aggravates your offence.
___________________________________________________________________

16. EXERCISE
Active Voice
Directions: Change the following sentences from passive voice to active voice.
1. Promises should be kept by them.
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2. The book that I like to read is found by Sam.
___________________________________________________________________
3. The letters were written by us yesterday.
___________________________________________________________________
4. The student is punished by the teacher.
___________________________________________________________________
5. The president’s speech has been loudly cheered by them.
___________________________________________________________________
6. The door had been broken by us before you arrived.
___________________________________________________________________
7. Tea will be drunk by my sister.
___________________________________________________________________
8. These pens are bought by the children.
___________________________________________________________________
9. The local newspaper is being read by the old man.
___________________________________________________________________
10. The car was washed by the handsome man.
___________________________________________________________________

17. THANK YOU