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THE ADRENAL GLANDS
They lie at the superior poles of the two kidneys. Each gland is composed of two distinct parts: ,[object Object],[object Object]
CORTICOSTERIODS – group of hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex. These are synthesized from the steroid Cholesterol . The following are the ADRENOCORTICAL HORMONES: 1. Mineralocorticoids – affect electrolytes of the ECF – Sodium and Potassium 2. Glucocorticoids – Exhibit an important effect in increasing blood glucose concentration 3. Androgenic hormones ALDOSTERONE – principal mineralocorticoid CORTISOL – principal glucocorticoid
LAYERS OF ADRENAL CORTEX AND SECRETION
1. Zona Glomerulosa - constitutes about 15% of the adrenal cortex - cells are the only ones secreting Aldosterone - they contain enzyne aldosterone synthase necessary for synthesis of aldosterone - secretion is controlled by ECF conc. of Angiotensin II and Potassium
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
More Important Glucocorticoid Hormones including Synthetic ones: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Intense Glucocorticoid Activity of Dexamethasone, has almost zero mineralocorticoid activity, thus is important drug for stimulating specific glucocorticoid activity
FUNCTIONS OF MINERALOCORTICOID – Aldosterone ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cellular Mechanism of Aldosterone Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
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Examville Online Practice Tests and Study Guides for the Adrenal Glands

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  • 3.
  • 4. CORTICOSTERIODS – group of hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex. These are synthesized from the steroid Cholesterol . The following are the ADRENOCORTICAL HORMONES: 1. Mineralocorticoids – affect electrolytes of the ECF – Sodium and Potassium 2. Glucocorticoids – Exhibit an important effect in increasing blood glucose concentration 3. Androgenic hormones ALDOSTERONE – principal mineralocorticoid CORTISOL – principal glucocorticoid
  • 5. LAYERS OF ADRENAL CORTEX AND SECRETION
  • 6. 1. Zona Glomerulosa - constitutes about 15% of the adrenal cortex - cells are the only ones secreting Aldosterone - they contain enzyne aldosterone synthase necessary for synthesis of aldosterone - secretion is controlled by ECF conc. of Angiotensin II and Potassium
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.  
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12. The Intense Glucocorticoid Activity of Dexamethasone, has almost zero mineralocorticoid activity, thus is important drug for stimulating specific glucocorticoid activity
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
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