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Conférence Internationale sur

Tenure Forestière, Gouvernance et Entreprise

Nouvelles Opportunités pour l’Afrique de l'Ouest et Centrale




    LE ROLE ET LES PERSPECTIVES DES COMMUNAUTES
    FORESTIERES DANS LE PROCESSUS DE LA REFORME




                  YAOUNDE, LE 26 MAI 2009


                  Par : Patrice André PA’AH,
                        AGFC / CAFT
                 Caft.cameroun@gmail.com
PLAN DE LA PRESENTATION

1. DIFFERENTES RESSOURCES FORESTIERES, MODE TRADITIONNEL
D’EXPLOITATION LOCALE, SITUATION ECONOMIQUE ET SOCIAL



2. DEFIS CONCEPTUELS DES FORETS COMMUNAUTAIRES EN ZONE DE FORET
ET DES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES



3. EXPLOITATION ARTISANALE DE BOIS ET CHAINE DE VALEUR AJOUTEE PAR
LES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES


4. ENJEUX DU FINANCEMENT DURABLE DE L’ECONOMIE REELLE CREATRICE
D’EMPLOIS LOCAUX


5. PERSPECTIVES DE REUSSITE DES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES
COMMUNAUTAIRES DANS LE CONTEXTE DE PAUVRETE ENDEMIQUE
1. IMPORTANTES RESSOURCES FORESTIERES, MODE TRADITIONNEL
D’EXPLOITATION LOCALE, SITUATION ECONOMIQUE ET SOCIAL


                                                             MODE EXPLOITATION:

                                                            1 - RAMASSAGE, CEUILLETE,
      RESSOURCES FORESTIERES                              COLLECTE POUR LA SUBSISTANCE
           IMPORTANTES:                                     2 - FAIBLE TECHNOLOGIE DE
                   - BOIS                                TRANSFORMTION, CONSERVATION
             - FEUILLES, FRUITS                              ET DE CONDITIONNEMENT
          - RACINES, TUBERCULES                              3 - EXPLOITATION LOCALE
        - ECORCES, SEVES, LIANES                           ESSENTIELLEMENT EXTRACTIVE
                   - Etc…                                          ET EXTRAVERTIS




                                   SITUATION ACTUELLE:

                              1- ECONOMIE LOCALE NON
                            STRUCTUREE ET SANS CHAINE DE
                                    VALEUR AJOUTEE
                               2. FAIBLE IMPACT SOCIO-
                                     ECONOMIQUE
                             3. ENTRETIEN ET MAINTIEN DE
                               LA PAUVRETE ENDEMIQUE
2. DEFIS CONCEPTUELS DES FORETS COMMUNAUTAIRES EN ZONE DE FORET
ET DES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES

                                                          GESTION PROFESSIONNELLE
                                                           D’ENTREPRISE FORESTIERE
     GESTION TRADITIONNELLE
                                                              COMMUNAUTAIRE:
    DE FORET COMMUNAUTAIRE:
                                                               EXIGENCE DES:
         ABONDANCE DES:
                                                              -PLANS D’AFFAIRES ET
 -PRODUITS FORESTIERS NON LIGNEUX
                                                                OUTIS DE GESTION
    -PRODUITS FORESTIERS LIGNEUX
                                                          -PARTENAIRES TECHNIQUES
   -PRODUITS ENVIRONNEMENTAUX
                                                                  ET FINANCIERS
        -PRODUITS AGRICOLES
                                                            - MARCHES ET PRODUITS
           -ETHNO PRODUITS
                                                                    LABELLISES
                                                          - CREATION DES EMPLOIS



                       INSUFFISANCE ET FAIBLESSE:

                                  1-DES DROITS
                              D’ACCÈS AUX CAPITAUX
                                 DE PRODUCTION,
                          2. STATUT JURIDIQUE ET SOCIAL
                            3. APPUI INSTITUTIONNEL ET
                              JURIDIQUE DU BUSINESS
                                 COMMUNAUTAIRE
3. EXPLOITATION ARTISANALE DE BOIS ET CHAINE DE VALEUR AJOUTEE PAR
LES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES
4. ENJEUX DU FINANCEMENT DURABLE A L’ECONOMIE REELLE CREATRICE
D’EMPLOIS LOCAUX
                        SMALL FORESTRY ENTERPRISES PREDOMINATE
                  Brazil        China           Guyana           India              S. Africa   Uganda
Number            >98%.         87%             93%              87-98%             33-95%      -
as % of total
Employees as      49-70% 50%                    75%              97%                25%         60%
% of total

Revenues          75%           43%             50%              82%                3%          60%
as % of total
CF: James Mayers & Duncan Macqueen (International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED)




Providing support for SMFEs, and SMEs more generally, has long been
upheld by governments, development agencies, and NGOs as an
appropriate strategy to catalyze economic development and reduce
poverty in developing regions.
(R.A. Kozak (2007) 21Rights and Resources Group / University of British Columbia)
5. PERSPECTIVES DE REUSSITE DES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES
COMMUNAUTAIRES DANS LE CONTEXTE DE PAUVRETE ENDEMIQUE




1.   RENFORCEMENT DES DROITS COMMUNAUTAIRES POUR L’ACCÈS AUX RESSOURCES FORESTIERES
     ET LE POSITIONNEMENT DES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES.

2.   MISE EN PLACE DES GUICHETS UNIQUES ET DES PAQUETS DE FORMATION ET D’ACCES AUX
     FINANCEMENTS DES OPERATIONS DE PRODUCTION ET DE COMMERCIALISATION.

3.   MISE EN PLACE DES MECANISMES EFFICACES DE TRANSFERT DES TECHNOLOGIES ET DES
     EQUIPEMENTS DE PRODUCTION POUR ASSURER LA COMPETITIVITE DES PRODUITS.

4.   SOUTIEN A LA CERTIFICATION DES FORETS COMMUNAUTAIRES DANS LA PERSPECTIVE DES
     BENEFICES DES PROCESSUS LIES AU CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE ET A LA LABELLISATION DES
     PRODUITS DES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES.

5.   RENFORCEMENT DES CAPACITES A TRAVERS LES VOYAGES D’ECHANGES DES EXPERIENCES
     INTER COMMUNAUTAIRES A L’INTERIEUR ET L’EXTERIEUR DES PAYS.
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Patrice Pa'ah: Rôle et perspectives des communautés forestières dans le processus de la réforme forestière

  • 1. Conférence Internationale sur Tenure Forestière, Gouvernance et Entreprise Nouvelles Opportunités pour l’Afrique de l'Ouest et Centrale LE ROLE ET LES PERSPECTIVES DES COMMUNAUTES FORESTIERES DANS LE PROCESSUS DE LA REFORME YAOUNDE, LE 26 MAI 2009 Par : Patrice André PA’AH, AGFC / CAFT Caft.cameroun@gmail.com
  • 2. PLAN DE LA PRESENTATION 1. DIFFERENTES RESSOURCES FORESTIERES, MODE TRADITIONNEL D’EXPLOITATION LOCALE, SITUATION ECONOMIQUE ET SOCIAL 2. DEFIS CONCEPTUELS DES FORETS COMMUNAUTAIRES EN ZONE DE FORET ET DES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES 3. EXPLOITATION ARTISANALE DE BOIS ET CHAINE DE VALEUR AJOUTEE PAR LES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES 4. ENJEUX DU FINANCEMENT DURABLE DE L’ECONOMIE REELLE CREATRICE D’EMPLOIS LOCAUX 5. PERSPECTIVES DE REUSSITE DES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES DANS LE CONTEXTE DE PAUVRETE ENDEMIQUE
  • 3. 1. IMPORTANTES RESSOURCES FORESTIERES, MODE TRADITIONNEL D’EXPLOITATION LOCALE, SITUATION ECONOMIQUE ET SOCIAL MODE EXPLOITATION: 1 - RAMASSAGE, CEUILLETE, RESSOURCES FORESTIERES COLLECTE POUR LA SUBSISTANCE IMPORTANTES: 2 - FAIBLE TECHNOLOGIE DE - BOIS TRANSFORMTION, CONSERVATION - FEUILLES, FRUITS ET DE CONDITIONNEMENT - RACINES, TUBERCULES 3 - EXPLOITATION LOCALE - ECORCES, SEVES, LIANES ESSENTIELLEMENT EXTRACTIVE - Etc… ET EXTRAVERTIS SITUATION ACTUELLE: 1- ECONOMIE LOCALE NON STRUCTUREE ET SANS CHAINE DE VALEUR AJOUTEE 2. FAIBLE IMPACT SOCIO- ECONOMIQUE 3. ENTRETIEN ET MAINTIEN DE LA PAUVRETE ENDEMIQUE
  • 4. 2. DEFIS CONCEPTUELS DES FORETS COMMUNAUTAIRES EN ZONE DE FORET ET DES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES GESTION PROFESSIONNELLE D’ENTREPRISE FORESTIERE GESTION TRADITIONNELLE COMMUNAUTAIRE: DE FORET COMMUNAUTAIRE: EXIGENCE DES: ABONDANCE DES: -PLANS D’AFFAIRES ET -PRODUITS FORESTIERS NON LIGNEUX OUTIS DE GESTION -PRODUITS FORESTIERS LIGNEUX -PARTENAIRES TECHNIQUES -PRODUITS ENVIRONNEMENTAUX ET FINANCIERS -PRODUITS AGRICOLES - MARCHES ET PRODUITS -ETHNO PRODUITS LABELLISES - CREATION DES EMPLOIS INSUFFISANCE ET FAIBLESSE: 1-DES DROITS D’ACCÈS AUX CAPITAUX DE PRODUCTION, 2. STATUT JURIDIQUE ET SOCIAL 3. APPUI INSTITUTIONNEL ET JURIDIQUE DU BUSINESS COMMUNAUTAIRE
  • 5. 3. EXPLOITATION ARTISANALE DE BOIS ET CHAINE DE VALEUR AJOUTEE PAR LES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES
  • 6. 4. ENJEUX DU FINANCEMENT DURABLE A L’ECONOMIE REELLE CREATRICE D’EMPLOIS LOCAUX SMALL FORESTRY ENTERPRISES PREDOMINATE Brazil China Guyana India S. Africa Uganda Number >98%. 87% 93% 87-98% 33-95% - as % of total Employees as 49-70% 50% 75% 97% 25% 60% % of total Revenues 75% 43% 50% 82% 3% 60% as % of total CF: James Mayers & Duncan Macqueen (International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) Providing support for SMFEs, and SMEs more generally, has long been upheld by governments, development agencies, and NGOs as an appropriate strategy to catalyze economic development and reduce poverty in developing regions. (R.A. Kozak (2007) 21Rights and Resources Group / University of British Columbia)
  • 7. 5. PERSPECTIVES DE REUSSITE DES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES DANS LE CONTEXTE DE PAUVRETE ENDEMIQUE 1. RENFORCEMENT DES DROITS COMMUNAUTAIRES POUR L’ACCÈS AUX RESSOURCES FORESTIERES ET LE POSITIONNEMENT DES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES. 2. MISE EN PLACE DES GUICHETS UNIQUES ET DES PAQUETS DE FORMATION ET D’ACCES AUX FINANCEMENTS DES OPERATIONS DE PRODUCTION ET DE COMMERCIALISATION. 3. MISE EN PLACE DES MECANISMES EFFICACES DE TRANSFERT DES TECHNOLOGIES ET DES EQUIPEMENTS DE PRODUCTION POUR ASSURER LA COMPETITIVITE DES PRODUITS. 4. SOUTIEN A LA CERTIFICATION DES FORETS COMMUNAUTAIRES DANS LA PERSPECTIVE DES BENEFICES DES PROCESSUS LIES AU CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE ET A LA LABELLISATION DES PRODUITS DES ENTREPRISES FORESTIERES COMMUNAUTAIRES. 5. RENFORCEMENT DES CAPACITES A TRAVERS LES VOYAGES D’ECHANGES DES EXPERIENCES INTER COMMUNAUTAIRES A L’INTERIEUR ET L’EXTERIEUR DES PAYS.