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珠江流域河流健康评估-鱼类指标
The river health assessment in Pearl River Basin
fish indicator



                          刘 威
                          Liu Wei
                 珠江流域水环境监测中心
        The water quality monitoring center of Pearl
                        River Basin
河流健康评估进程

2007 年《珠江河流健康评价指标体系研究报
告》



2011 年 中澳河流健康与环境流量项目
2007 年《珠江河流健康评价
指标体系研究报告》
        珠江河流健康评价指标体系结构
总体层    系统层    状态层          指标层
                      1、河流形态稳定性
              河流形态    2、河流廊道连续性
                      3、水土流失与石漠化率
                      4、生态用水保障程度
       自然属性
              水环境状况   5、水功能区水质达标率
                      6、饮用水源地咸度指数
河流健康
                      7、藻类多样性指数
总体评价          河流水生物
                      8、鱼类多样性
                      9、水资源开发利用率
              服务功能    10、水电开发率
       社会属性           11、通航保证率
                      12、调蓄能力指数
              防洪保障
                      13、堤防工程达标率
鱼类多样性评价
   选取上世纪 60 年代为基准年,根据现有
    资料对渔获量、鱼类种类、数量等指标
    将现今鱼类资源情况与原有鱼类资源情
    况进行对比分析,然后咨询专家意见,
    对珠江各水系的鱼类多样性给予定性评
    价。在掌握充足鱼类监测资料的情况下
    ,可采用鱼类完整性指数( IBI )等指
    标进行定量评价。
鱼类多样性评价等级标准
评价等级        A      B      C        D      E
专家意见   鱼类多样 鱼类种类 鱼类种类 鱼类种类 鱼类基本
       性 保 持 很 保持平稳, 数 量 均 减 及 数 量 大 绝迹
       好,渔产量 数 量 略 有 少,多样性 幅减少,渔
       平稳        减少,渔产 下降,渔产 产 量 急 速
                 量下降   量下降    下降
珠江流域水系
图
珠江河流健康评价各分区研究范围
 分区名           分区范围              控制站

         红柳黔三江口以上,包括南盘江、北盘江
 西江上游                       迁江
         、红水河、柳江等


         红柳黔三江口以下,三水思贤滘以上,包
 西江中下游   括黔江、浔江、西江干流和郁江、桂江等 梧州
         支流


 珠江三角洲   三水思贤滘以下,珠江三角洲诸河   马口、三水


  北江     北江                石角

  东江     东江                博罗
鱼类多样性评价
评价指标         上游            中下游          三角洲               北江               东江

鱼类多样性         D             C             C                C                D



                                                                      123 种,鲤形目 82 种
                                     鲈形目( 63 种)、
         鲤形目 64 种,占                                   143 种鱼类中, 鲤    ,占总数的 66.66 %;
                         唐鱼、林氏细     鲤形目( 29 种)、鲱
        总数的 79% ,鳅科                                  形目中鲤科最多,占       鲈形目, 15 种,总数的
                        鲫、稀有条鳅、      形目( 17 种)
         5 种,占 6.2%                                  71.3% ;其次为鲈形       12.20 %;
主要鱼类                    钝吻拟平鳅、信      主要经济鱼类有 43
         经济鱼类:鳗鲡、                                     目,占 11.2% ;     常见鱼类有鲢、鳙、草
                        宜原缨口鳅、少     种,为鲥鱼、花鰶、凤
        青鱼、草鱼、赤眼鳟                                    鲮鱼、草鱼、花鱼骨       鱼、 青鱼、 鲤鱼、 鲫鱼
                          鳞缨口鳅      鲚、七丝鲚、银鱼、鳗
         、翘嘴红鮊、                                      、鳊鱼、银鱼、鳗鲡       、鳊 鱼、细鳊、海 南华
                                     鲡、花鳗、青鱼、
                                                                       鳊、 马口鱼 等。


                                                      1999 年 3 月飞来
                                    1981 - 1982 珠江
                         120 种水生经                    峡大坝下闸蓄水后,
                                    口的 咸淡水 种类和淡                       1970 年以后,东江已
         1985 约 60 吨,   济动物, 2004                    渔民捕捞量比每年同
 渔获量                                 水种类有 151                        基本捕不到鲥鱼。 鳗鲡
        1987 年 54.5 吨   主要渔获 40 多                    期减少 39.9% ~
                                    种, 1992 年以后更                        难觅踪迹。
                           种                         56.2% ,平均减少
                                    是处 于直线下降状 态
                                                         48%
中澳河流健康评估 - 鱼类指标
谢谢各位专家

    谢谢

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3.3 the river health assessment in pearl river basin fish indicator-cand_e

  • 1. 珠江流域河流健康评估-鱼类指标 The river health assessment in Pearl River Basin fish indicator 刘 威 Liu Wei 珠江流域水环境监测中心 The water quality monitoring center of Pearl River Basin
  • 3. 2007 年《珠江河流健康评价 指标体系研究报告》 珠江河流健康评价指标体系结构 总体层 系统层 状态层 指标层 1、河流形态稳定性 河流形态 2、河流廊道连续性 3、水土流失与石漠化率 4、生态用水保障程度 自然属性 水环境状况 5、水功能区水质达标率 6、饮用水源地咸度指数 河流健康 7、藻类多样性指数 总体评价 河流水生物 8、鱼类多样性 9、水资源开发利用率 服务功能 10、水电开发率 社会属性 11、通航保证率 12、调蓄能力指数 防洪保障 13、堤防工程达标率
  • 4. 鱼类多样性评价  选取上世纪 60 年代为基准年,根据现有 资料对渔获量、鱼类种类、数量等指标 将现今鱼类资源情况与原有鱼类资源情 况进行对比分析,然后咨询专家意见, 对珠江各水系的鱼类多样性给予定性评 价。在掌握充足鱼类监测资料的情况下 ,可采用鱼类完整性指数( IBI )等指 标进行定量评价。
  • 5. 鱼类多样性评价等级标准 评价等级 A B C D E 专家意见 鱼类多样 鱼类种类 鱼类种类 鱼类种类 鱼类基本 性 保 持 很 保持平稳, 数 量 均 减 及 数 量 大 绝迹 好,渔产量 数 量 略 有 少,多样性 幅减少,渔 平稳 减少,渔产 下降,渔产 产 量 急 速 量下降 量下降 下降
  • 7. 珠江河流健康评价各分区研究范围 分区名 分区范围 控制站 红柳黔三江口以上,包括南盘江、北盘江 西江上游 迁江 、红水河、柳江等 红柳黔三江口以下,三水思贤滘以上,包 西江中下游 括黔江、浔江、西江干流和郁江、桂江等 梧州 支流 珠江三角洲 三水思贤滘以下,珠江三角洲诸河 马口、三水 北江 北江 石角 东江 东江 博罗
  • 8. 鱼类多样性评价 评价指标 上游 中下游 三角洲 北江 东江 鱼类多样性 D C C C D 123 种,鲤形目 82 种 鲈形目( 63 种)、 鲤形目 64 种,占 143 种鱼类中, 鲤 ,占总数的 66.66 %; 唐鱼、林氏细 鲤形目( 29 种)、鲱 总数的 79% ,鳅科 形目中鲤科最多,占 鲈形目, 15 种,总数的 鲫、稀有条鳅、 形目( 17 种) 5 种,占 6.2% 71.3% ;其次为鲈形 12.20 %; 主要鱼类 钝吻拟平鳅、信 主要经济鱼类有 43 经济鱼类:鳗鲡、 目,占 11.2% ; 常见鱼类有鲢、鳙、草 宜原缨口鳅、少 种,为鲥鱼、花鰶、凤 青鱼、草鱼、赤眼鳟 鲮鱼、草鱼、花鱼骨 鱼、 青鱼、 鲤鱼、 鲫鱼 鳞缨口鳅 鲚、七丝鲚、银鱼、鳗 、翘嘴红鮊、 、鳊鱼、银鱼、鳗鲡 、鳊 鱼、细鳊、海 南华 鲡、花鳗、青鱼、 鳊、 马口鱼 等。 1999 年 3 月飞来 1981 - 1982 珠江 120 种水生经 峡大坝下闸蓄水后, 口的 咸淡水 种类和淡 1970 年以后,东江已 1985 约 60 吨, 济动物, 2004 渔民捕捞量比每年同 渔获量 水种类有 151 基本捕不到鲥鱼。 鳗鲡 1987 年 54.5 吨 主要渔获 40 多 期减少 39.9% ~ 种, 1992 年以后更 难觅踪迹。 种 56.2% ,平均减少 是处 于直线下降状 态 48%