Prescribed medication order and communication skills.pptx
Wt4603 unit1 week2-17-09-2010
1. WT4603
Wood Processing Safety &
Practice
Lecture Unit 1
Machine Provision, Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Week 3 Labs
Lecturer: Mr. Joseph Lyster
joseph.lyster@ul.ie
Notes prepared by: Mr. Donal Canty, Mr. Des Kelly and Mr. Joseph Lyster
Notes available on www.slideshare.net/WT4603
2. WT4603
CE Mark
The CE Marking is not a mark indicating conformity to a standard but rather a mark
indicating conformity to the legal requirements of EU Directives.
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CE Mark
• CE Marking is the symbol as shown on the top of
this page.
• The letters "CE" are the abbreviation of French phrase
"Conformité Européene" which literally means
"European Conformity".
• The term initially used was "EC Mark" and it was
officially replaced by "CE Marking" in the Directive
93/68/EEC in 1993.
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CE Mark
• Machinery must bear the “CE” mark in order to be
deemed in compliance with these regulations.
• Must not add to machinery – must be there… criminal
offence to try to add it.
• Also an offence to reduce the visibility of the “CE”
Marking on a machine.
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CE Mark The existance of the
“CE” marking on a piece
of machinery should
indicate that its
manufacturer has met
all relevant standards
and requirements.
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CE Mark
Never assume
that machinery
is safe just
because it has a
“CE” marking
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A brief look at Safety Signage
Mandatory/ Emergency/
Action Permission
Warning
Regulatory/
/Caution
Prohibited
-Danger
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Supervision & Access
• Students should only work in a high risk area when it is fully
under the control of a person competent to work in and
supervise that area.
• Close monitoring of students using machinery.
• Students must not be permitted to use equipment while
unsupervised.
• It is the responsibility of the schools to ensure that the
machines are not accessible to unauthorised persons
▫ Cleaners
▫ Visitors
▫ Unsupervised students.
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Supervision & Access
Power operated equipment and tools should be locked in the
“OFF” position in the following situations:
▫ When left unattended for any period of time.
▫ When the competent person (supervisor) is not in the work
area.
▫ Before cleaning out any blockage.
▫ Before the machine is cleaned.
▫ Before any maintenance work is carried out on the machine.
▫ Before guards are adjusted.
▫ Before tools or accessories are adjusted or changed.
▫ Before removing waste or swarf.
▫ When a machine is awaiting repair or maintenance.
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Supervision & Access
Machines not to be used while pupils are in the classroom:
• Spindle Moulder
• It is recommended that the use of the circular saw and planer
thicknesser machines while the students are in the classroom
should be strictly prohibited.
• All preparatory work involving these machines should take
place before class.
• May not be achievable immediately but plans should be made
to try…in the interim control measures should be put in place
to reduce exposure to as low levels as possible.
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Guarding
Machine guards must:
▫ Be of robust construction.
▫ Not give rise to any additional hazard.
▫ Not be easily removed or rendered inoperative.
(Removed with the use of a tool)
▫ Be situated a sufficient distance from the danger zone.
▫ Not restrict more than necessary the view of the operating cycle of the
equipment
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Exclusion Zones
• An assessment of each workshop
should be carried out in order to
determine the safe operational
area around each machine.
• Hard wearing and clearly visible
markings should be set down on
the floor to indicate these safe
operation areas.
• If necessary, machines should be
moved to accommodate this safe
operational area.
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Lighting
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Start/Stop
• Are there appropriate start / stop controls ?
• Location
• Colour
• Flush mounted
• Mushroom head
▫ Turn release
▫ Key release
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Start/Stop
Stop control must have
priority over the Start
control.
Start Control
Flush
Recessed
Stop Control
Mushroom Head
Push Bar
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Emergency Stop
Some machines may have two stopping
devices.
Hand Operated
Foot/Knee Operated
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Inadvertent Starting
• If the power supply to a machine is interrupted during
operation the machine motor will stop.
• When this happens the machine should automatically switch
itself to the off setting.
• When the voltage supply has been restored the machine
should not automatically restart.
• If the machine automatically restarts the switching mechanism
should be upgraded or changed to prevent this inadvertent
start.
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Health & Safety Management
• Section 8(2)e of the 2005 Act states that it is the duty of every employer
“to provide systems of work that are planned, organised, performed and maintained
so as to be, so far as is reasonably practicable, safe and without risk to health.”
• Health and safety management is a practical and systematic approach to identifying
hazards and evaluating the extent of associated risk
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Unsafe Workplaces
Can be identified by:
▫ High accident/injury rates.
▫ Poor machinery guarding.
▫ Poor cleaning and housekeeping arrangements.
▫ Limited interest of OHS by employers/management.
▫ Lack of care/respect for safety rules.
▫ Poor safety culture.
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Safe Workplaces
Can be identified by:
• Regular inspection of workplace
• Consultation between employer and employees.
• Clearly defined structure of responsibilities….
• Employees are trained…
• Exceeds the specific requirements of the law –
manages safety not for fear of being reprimanded but
for the employees.
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Safety Management
The Key steps of any Health & Safety Management scheme are:
1. Policy
2. Hazard identification
3. Risk Assessment
4. Control Measures.
5. Recording Findings (Safety Statement)
6. Monitoring, Review and Auditing
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Hierarchy of Risk Control
A. Eliminate the Hazard Completely.
B. Substitute Hazard with a safer alternative.
C. Isolate the Hazard.
D. Use engineering controls to reduce risk at the source
(Guarding).
E. Provide training on how to avoid risks.
& if all that fails…
F. Use PPE.
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Risk Assessment Considerations
• Exposure to hazard
▫ Very Infrequent (< once per annum or less)
▫ Quite Infrequent (annually/biannually)
▫ Frequent (quarterly/monthly)
▫ Quite Frequent (weekly/daily)
▫ Highly Frequent (continuous daily)
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Risk Assessment Considerations
• Likelihood
▫ Highly Unlikely (practically impossible)
▫ Quite Unlikely (conceivable but very unlikely)
▫ Likely (conceivable and could possibly happen)
▫ Quite Likely (almost certain to happen)
▫ Highly Likely (certain to happen)
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Risk Assessment Considerations
• Consequences
▫ Minor Injury/Ill Health ( minor cuts, abrasions etc.)
▫ Injury/Ill Health (burns, sprains, minor fractures etc.)
▫ Serious Injury/Ill Health (breaks, deafness etc.)
▫ Major Injury/Ill Health (amputations, cancer, multiple breaks
etc.)
▫ Fatality (one or more fatalities)
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Hazard & Risk
• Hazard
• means anything that can cause harm (eg
chemicals, electricity, working from ladders,
etc)
• Risk
• is the chance, high or low, that somebody will
be harmed by the hazard.
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Risk:
• High (H)
• Probability of fatality, serious injury or significant loss,
possibility of minor injury to a number of people.
• Medium (M)
• Unlikely possibility of fatality, serious injury or
significant material loss, possibility of minor injury to a
small number of people.
• Low (L)
• Injury or material loss unlikely though conceivable
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Risk Assessment Template:
Risk Assessment
template as laid out
by State Claims
Agency
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Hazards
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Classroom Risk Assessment:
• You will need to develop a template for your lesson
risk assessment.
• Strategies will need to be developed to:
Reduce or eliminate risk
Demonstrate safe use of machine(s)
Teach key learning points relating to machine or process
Assess and record pupil learning and competence
Ensure adequate supervision of activities
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Room Layout
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Room Layout
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Room Layout
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Room Layout
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LABS WEEK 3
Processing plan for Section A of the
Table project.
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Table project.
To be submitted by end of first lab of
week 3.
•Orthographic plan, elevation & end view of
table
•Cutting List for Component A
•Isometric drawing of Component A (with
pieces marked out).
•The different processing stages highlighted
with the relative sketches / notations on
crucial points / aspects.
•Safety procedures listed for each machine,
and correct PPE used with these machines /
processes.
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Section A
• Processing material from raw, list out the required measurements of
table parts to be acquired from material section A.
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Table parts
• From Section A
material the following
parts are achievable:
▫ Table legs (X4, yellow
on drawing)
▫ Top rail (X1,blue,
dovetail)
▫ Mid rail (X1, blue,
finger joint)
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Step 1: Produce Cutting List
• Correct cutting
list: should show:
▫ Item.
▫ Number.
▫ Length.
▫ Width.
▫ Thickness.
▫ Material.
▫ Machine
Processing Waste
▫ & Description.
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Work out how pieces will be removed from material
correctly. Grey= Waste Piece – Red = Saw Waste – Cross Cut
Plane to 10mm for
additional use
Blue = Rail Material
Green = Saw Waste - Rip
Yellow = Leg Material
#NB: Grey is waste/excess material on drawing
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Step 2: Assessing material
• Check material for the
following:
▫ Cupping.
▫ Bowing.
▫ Warping.
▫ Defects (stress fractures,
dead knots, honey
combing, etc.)
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Preparing material for processing.
• The material will have
to planned on the Face
and Edge to ensure flat
surfaces and square
cut edges.
• #NB- check that the
fence on the planner is
square.
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Square Face Side
#NB- notice position of guide on guard, and distance from fence.
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Square Edge Side
#NB- notice position of guide on guard, and distance from fence.
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Step 3A: Planning material.
1. Plane edges parallel to each other.
1. Thickness material to accommodate the largest
piece/part required (in this case, material should
be reduced to 46mm to allow for legs, (1mm extra
for future planning).
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Step 3A. Plane Parallel Edge.
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Step 3B: Material Thickness to 46mm
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Step 4: Rip Saw
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Step 4: Rip Saw
OUTFEED
TABLE SLILDING
TABLE
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Step 4: Rip Saw Cross Cutting
Ripping
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Mark Line across end grain:
Step 4: Rip Saw – Ripping Material 1. Horizontal when cutting
2. Vertical when planing
#NB: Ensure correct use of PPE and push sticks are practiced.
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Step 4: Rip Saw – Ripping Material
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Step 5A: Rip Saw – Processing Leg Material
• After the legs have be cut
from section material on
circular saw, they are then
planned to the required
45mm X 45mm.
• This ensures square edges
with a good finish (i.e. no
saw marks)
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Step 5A: Rip Saw – Processing Leg Material
• Centre material is then planned again on the edge to give a smooth
finish and ensure that the edge is square.
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Step 5B: Rip Saw – Processing Rail Material
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Step 5B: Rip Saw – Processing Rail Material
• Rail material is then
planned down to the
required 20mm.
• This produces a better
finish than the circular
saw, so less time is
spent on sanding parts.
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Step 5B: Rip Saw – Thicknessing Rail Material
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Step 5C: Formulate cross-cutting plan
• Refer back to your cutting list to
make sure you cut pieces to the
correct length.
• After the material has been
ripped and surface planned into
correct / required sizes, you
then have to cross-cut the
sections to the required length.
For this, you will have to set up
the fence on the sliding table to
achieve this.
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Step 5C: Formulate cross-cutting plan
#NB: Ensure guards and guides are set-up and used correctly and safely.
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Your Processing plan should have:
To be submitted by end of first lab of week 3.
1. Orthographic plan, elevation & end view of table
2. Cutting List for Component A
3. Isometric drawing of Component A (with pieces marked out).
4. The different processing stages highlighted with the relative sketches /
notations on crucial points / aspects.
5. Safety procedures listed for each machine, and correct PPE used with these
machines / processes.
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Mortiser
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Mortiser
1 Engagement Lever
2 Power Isolator
3 Start/Stop
4 Depth Stop
5 Material Bed
6 Machine Bed
7 Guide Wheel
8 Material Clamp
9 Mortice Chisel Bit
10 Head Motor
5 CHISEL
7 AUGER
CLEARANC
E
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Mortiser
MORTISE
ESCAPE
WINDOW CHISEL
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Mortiser
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