This document summarizes information about tamarind, including its botanical classification, origin in Eastern Tropical Africa, importance in India as a multipurpose tree, major producer countries, and key constituents. It also describes six important tamarind varieties, highlighting their yields, parentage, recommended states, and salient features. Finally, it lists some local tamarind selections from India and references additional resources on tamarind research.

1. Description of related species & varieties
of T
amarind
P
resented B
y……
G.Saraswathi
13-533-009

2. T
amarind
• Botanical Name : Tamarindus indicus. Linn
• Family
: Fabaceae [ Caesalpiniaceae ]
• Origin
: Eastern Tropical Africa
• Ch.No
: 2n=24
• It’ s also known as Indian date.

4. • Most important multipurpose tree in India.
arindus has only one
• The monotypic genus of Tam
species, indica.
• India – largest producer in the world.
• India – only country produces a commercial crop
tamarind.
[ K.V.peter,2007 ]

5. • Flavour component of the pulp – 2 – acetylfuran
• Major constituent – Tartaric acid [ 8-18% ].
• Kernal powder - Sizing material for jute & Textiles.
• Kernal powder – Xyloglycan – gelling agent.

6. Description
• Tamil Nadu
• Madhya Pradesh
• Andhra Pradesh
• Maharashtra
• Karnataka

7. Germplasm H
oldings
• Totally 1209 accessions
• State agrl.universities - 661
• Forest dept,Karnataka - 220
• Forest dept, TN
- 328
[ Pareek & Awasthi, 2002 ]

8. B
otany
• Large, handsome,long-lived evergreen tree.
• It is used for shade, ornamental value & fruit.
• 20 m height, 7m girth.
• Flowers – Sub terminal racemes – yellowish or pale yellow
blossoms.
• Propagation – seeds – 20kg /ha.
• Vegetatively cuttings, root suckers, inarching, softwood grafting &
patch budding, air layering.
• Inarching & patch budding – 90% success
[K.V.Peter,2007]

9. Classification
Based on colour
- Red,block,brown etc.
Light & dark colour.
Based on taste
- Sour – Prathisthan , PKM -1
Sweet – Thailand type
Based on place
- Urigam,Cumbam,Karur.
Identification
Based on place
Of origin
- East Indian variety – Long pods 6-12
seeds/ pod
- West Indian variety – shorter pods 1-4
seeds/pod

10. Varieties
S.N
Variety
o
Avg.yiel
P
arentag
Inisti /Uni
e
d
Recom.
Salient features
state
In kgs /
tree
Early bearer, dwarf
high yielding variety.
1
PKM –
Clonal
HC & RI
263
Flowering – 3rd yr in
1
selection Periyakulam
grafts, 5th yr in
1992
from
seedlings.
Endapuli
Fruits – Semicircle.
village
Pulp recovery -39%
Tartaric acid –
17.1%
Ascorbic acid – 3.95
mg/ 100g
TN

11. Short in size, branch –
Umberlla, Pods – lengthy,
2
Urigam
Local genotype
-
150 -200g
fleshy & tasty - C shaped
from Urigam –
Per each
curvature.
Thenkanikottai
fruit
Flowering – Late – Mar
Dharmapuri
TN
Harvest – July
Seedlings – 6 – 8 yr starts
bearing.
Grafts – 4th yr onwards
3
Prathisthan
Selection
Fruit
Research
station –
Aurangabad
Mah.
Mah
-
-

12. 4
DTS -1
Selection UAS,Bangalor
e
1.5 kg/
Sweet red type
tree
Kar
slightly susceptible to
pod borer.
5
Yogeswari
Selection Forest dept,
-
Red pulp
Kar
Karnataka
6
No.263
Selection Fruit Research
Station –
Aurangabad –
Mah.
-
-
Mah

13. L
ocal selections
• Cumbum selection – Theni district – TN
• Rahuri selection
– Maharashtra
• Kangadevanpalli
• Devar Ullimangalam

14. References
• Horticulture Science Series Vol 5 – Prof. K.V.Peter
E.V.Nybe
N.Miniraj
• Advances in Spices Research
– P.N.Ravindran