1. Case studies for sustainable
energy and policy
recommendations for the
Western Balkans
Iva kvakić, heinrich bOEll stiftung

2. project background
- Economic crisis
- Link between economic growth and
resource scarcity
- Advocating a Green New Deal for the WB
region
- Expert teams
- 2 key sectors – energy and agriculture

3. project background
- Regional agriculture study
- Darko Znaor
- Regional energy study
- Aleksandar Kovačević
- National energy papers
- country level experts

4. project background

5. project background

6. AGRICULTURE FINDINGS

7. AGRICULTURE FINDINGS
- The Real Value Added (RVA) in the
baseline year (2009) = - EUR 832 million
- BAU scenario RVA = - EUR 449 million
- ECO scenario RVA = EUR 551 million
- ECO+ scenario RVA = EUR 2.051
million.

8. Energy studies

9. wb ENERGY CONTEXT
- Heavily reliant on fossil fuels
- Carbon intensive/low productivity sources
- Lignite, heavy fuel oil
- Imports
- Fossil fuel subsidies
- Energy poverty

10. wb ENERGY CONTEXT

11. HBS wb energy study

12. HBS wb energy study
- BAU scenario:
- expected increase of energy demand
in line with economic growth
- investments in large scale fossil fuel
plants
- additional investments due to EU
obligations

13. HBS wb energy study
- BAU scenario risks:
- energy security
- impact on households: energy poverty,
suboptimal energy prices compared to
international standards, environmental
impacts and climate change

14. HBS wb energy study
- ECO scenario
-
energy efficiency – reducing peak loads
sustainable urban transport
building stock replacement
shift energy investments from imported fuels
to resources available within the region
- development of forest and biomass resources

16. HBS wb energy study
- Focus: wood industry
- Biomass fired power plants in
proximity of urban areas
- Industrial zones attached to urban
areas
- Adequate transport facilities (railways,
waterborne)
- Invention and education facilitation

17. NATIONAL ENERGY
PAPERS

18. National energy papers
- Local case studies for renewables and
energy efficiency
- Croatia, BiH, Serbia, Montenegro
- The team
- energy expert
- economist
- civil society representative

19. croatia

20. energy CONTEXT
- Large scale fossil fuel investments
- Existing feed-in tariff system
- Feed-in quotas
- Energy poverty – 65% of households

21. case studies
- Passive social housing

22. Passive social housing

23. Passive social housing
- Koprivnica case
- cca 1000 EUR / m2
- up to 5 times less monthly cost
- second project in progress

24. case studies
- Passive social housing
- Energy retrofitting through ESCO
companies in local government ownership

25. esco model
- 15% financing by local government, cofinancing by EU funds
- 1:7 investment generation, total cca 20
mil EUR
- 2.100 jobs per year
- over 400.000 m2
- energy consumption reduction – 60%

26. case studies
- Passive social housing
- Energy retrofitting through ESCO
companies in local government ownership
- Solar thermal – coastal areas

27. solar thermal
- Plomin C investment scale
- 3.000.000 m2 of solar thermal (2014-2020)
- 6-9 years payback period
- 3000-3500 jobs

28. case studies
- Passive social housing
- Energy retrofitting through ESCO
companies in local government ownership
- Solar thermal – coastal areas
- Energy cooperatives
- Cogeneration in public institutions

29. cogeneration in public
institutions

30. cogeneration in public
institutions
- Valtura penitentiary
- agricultural and livestock waste to
biogas
- total investment : 5.000.000 EUR
- payback period <10 years

31. Bosnia and herzegovina

32. energy CONTEXT
- Only energy exporter
- Institutional barriers
- Energy poverty
- Fossil fuel centered strategy (75% coal)
- CO2 emission permit cost 40% of current
energy price

33. case studies
- Biomass replacement for fossil fuels
- 21.000 m2 of commercial surfaces
heated on wood pellets
- Payback period – 2,16 years
- Potential: 2000 sustainable jobs for
technical potential of forest residues

34. case studies
- Heat pumps
- geothermal energy
- case: Fojnica hotels
- heating costs reduced by the factor of
10
- payback period: 1 year

35. case studies
- Solar energy
- 74% of heating demand in Banja Luka,
78% of heating demand in Sarajevo
could be covered by solar thermal
- combined pellet – solar thermal
systems

36. SERBIA

37. energy CONTEXT
- Lignite centered
- Dependency on uncertain natural gas
corridors
- High level of inefficient biomass use
- Energy poverty

38. case studies
- Wooden house with PV
- Replacement of inefficient stoves – over
50% of households
- PV with feed-in tariff

39. MONTEnegro

40. energy CONTEXT
- Prevailing hydro
- Energy imports
- Lack of investment in distribution
- Poor energy efficiency
- Energy poverty

41. case studies
- Energy efficient lighting
- 76% annual savings, return 1-2 years
- PV (Podgorica, 10kW)
- 18.000 EUR investment, 8.4y payback
- Biomass fuel
- Current– 100 MEUR for 670m kWh
- Potential – 1,46 MWh

42. conclusion – wb region
- Energy poverty
- Strong strategic orientation towards fossil fuels
- Risk of increased prices due to CO2 regulation

43. conclusion – wb region
- Energy poverty
- Strong strategic orientation towards fossil fuels
- Risk of increased prices due to CO2 regulation
- Biomass – energy security and industrial potential
- Solar energy
- Local cogeneration and energy efficiency projects

44. policy recommendations
- lignite and coal phaseout
- investment in forestry and biomass
industry
- investment in energy efficiency
- incentives for small, decentralized
systems
- incentives and legislation for energy
cooperatives

46. http://boell.de
http://hr.boell.org