1. Cyclones form over warm ocean waters above 25°C and require specific conditions including low pressure, rising air, and counterclockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere. 2. Cyclones can cause strong winds over 150 kph, large waves, flooding from heavy rain, and damage from blown down buildings. 3. The primary effects are immediate damage from high winds, flooding, and storm surge while secondary effects later include disease, starvation, and loss of income from destroyed crops and infrastructure.

1. Cyclones

4. What do hurricanes have to do with the Swedish chef from the Muppets? Yorn desh born, Bork, Bork, Bork! It needs the right ingredients to form!

5. World Sea Temperatures Warm sea temperatures needed for cyclones!

6. Cyclone components Consequences (what are the problems caused) Characteristics (what things go on in cyclones) Causes (what makes it happen)

7. Strong winds (150-200kph) Buildings blown down Warm ocean waters (above 25 °C) Descending air forming calm eye Large waves onto shore Thunderstorms Low-lying areas flooded Low pressure with rising air Large cumulonimbus clouds Tropical latitudes Extremely heavy rainfall Anti-clockwise rotation in Northern hemisphere Word Bank

8. 1. Ground heated in summer Low Low 2. Hot air rises (think of convectional rainfall) 3. Hot air moves out and cools down Towards Northern hemisphere (India) Towards Equator 4. An area of low pressure is created 5. Air from around the system is sucked in, causing ‘spinning’ winds 6. Cool air is pulled in to balance the pressure, causing the ‘eye’ – calm conditions 7. Cooled air returns to the system SUN

13. Paths of cyclones

14. Secondary effects (later) Primary effects (immediate)