The Industrial Revolution began in England in the mid-1700s. England had factors like fertile land from new farming methods, surplus labor from increased food production, and strong banking from overseas trade that enabled industrialization. Key industries transformed were agriculture through enclosed farming and crop rotation, factory production bringing higher employment and urban migration, and transportation through inventions like the steam engine and locomotives improving infrastructure. Overall, these changes boosted the economy by allowing for more efficient, cheaper production and transportation of goods.