Endosulfan is an organochlorine insecticide and acaricide that is highly toxic and can accumulate in organisms. It is produced in India and breaks down slowly, remaining in soil for around 6 years. Endosulfan exposure can cause health effects like hypersensitivity, headaches, and neurological problems in humans as well as toxicity in fish and amphibians. Long term use of endosulfan in Kasaragod district of Kerala, India has resulted in health issues for the local population.

1. ENDOSULFAN IS NOT A PESTICIDE BUT A HUMAN KILLER

2. WHAT IS ENDOSULPHAN? Endosulphan is an organ chlorine insecticide and acaricide . This colorless solid has emerged as a highly controversial agrichemical due to its acute toxicity , potential for bioaccumulation , and role as an endocrine disruptor .

3. PRODUCTION In India, Hindustan insecticide lmtd. Is the producer of endosulphan. Endosulfan is a derivative of hexachlorocyclopentadiene and is chemically similar to aldrin , chlordane , and heptachlor . Technical endosulfan is a 7:3 mixture of stereoisomers , designated α and β

4. RULES WHILE SPRAYING ENDOSULPHAN Endosulphan should be sprayed at a height of not more than 2-3m above foliage. Prior information has to be given to people in that particular area . Advice them to keep away from the area of application for about 20 days. All water bodies should be kept covered while spraying endosulphan.

5. EFFECTS TO THE ENVIRONMENT Endosulfan breaks down into endosulfan sulfate and endosulfan diol , and its residues remains in the soil for around 6 years. Endosulfan is subject to long range atmospheric transport ,i.e., it can travel long distances from where it is used.

6. AQUATIC EFFECTS Endosulfan has relatively high potential to bioaccumulate in fish. Blood glucose levels in fish are elevated. It is toxic to amphibians and low levels have been found to kill tadpoles.

7. HEALTH EFFECTS

8. SYMPTOMS Hypersensitive to stimulation, sensation of prickling, tingling or creeping on skin. Headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, in coordination, tremor, mental confusion, hyper excitable state. In severe cases: convulsions, seizures, coma and respiratory depression.

9. NUEROLOGICAL PROBLEMS Directly effects CNS and prevent it from working properly. Learning disabilities, low IQ, scholastic backwardness. Severe poisoning may lead to death.

10. MAIN CAUSES Endosulfan can also affect human development. The main disease that has been noticed is skin disease. Blood cancers, delays maturity among boys , Birth defects of the male reproductive system. AND death

11. Since India is the largest user of ENDOSULFAN its after effects are being seen in kasagod dst. Kerala. Now, it is a threat to people in Kasaragod

12. Endosulfan was sprayed in the cashew plantations in Kasaragod District since 1976 , till 2001 regularly thrice every year. The intensive use of Endosulfan resulted in a chemical disaster……

13. ENDOSULPHAN: A tragedy to the life of the people in Padre village,Kasargod

14. THE LIVING DEAD…

16. STOP ENDOSULPHAN STOP KILLING

17. LET US TOGETHER JOIN OUR HANDS AND SAY NO TO ENDOSULPHAN

18. Presented by: Tenaaz Mohazin