1. Addressing Climate Change

2. Impacts- Water Resources
Warmer temperatures in the spring changes the timing of winter snowmelt which will affect the amount of water available in streams and rivers
Spring snowmelt is projected to occur three to four weeks earlier and summer streamflow is likely to decline
Winter snowpack in the cascades has decreased by 20% since 1950s
Warmer temperatures cause precipitation to fall as rain instead of snow this reduces
Soil moisture
Snow accumulation
and increases flood risks around rivers
Declined streamflow due to climate change will have a negative impact on hydropower supply in the US including economic losses especially
since 40% of the nation's hydropower is generated in the northwest
Climate change will also Increase competition for water use including:
Hydropower

3. Impacts - Sea level rise
EPA projects that an increase of 1 to 5 feet of global sea level rise by the end of the century.
Sea level rise will Increase risk to people, and coastal infrastructure such as:
Houses
Import/Export
Highways
Railways
Economic Disruption:
Approximately ⅔ of imported oil enters the U.S. through the Gulf of Mexico. If we do not

4. Mitigation Actions
Domestic Action
Energy Supply
Change our fuel from coal to gas
Utilize renewable heat/power
-Hydropower
-Solar power
-Geothermal
-Bioenergy
Less Wealthy Countries Action
Agriculture
Improve the grazing and crop growing process
-Through managing storage of soil carbon
Restore cultivated soil
Improve fertilizer application of nitrogen
-Reduced nitrous oxide emissions (laughing gas)
Create energy crops
-Use to replace fossil fuel usage

5. Adaptation Actions
Upgrading/Implementing stormwater pumps and sewer drains.
Increased rainfall
Sea level rise
Reduce surface runoff
Relocation
For domestic and foreign areas affected by climate change, relocation is always an option.
Especially for countries that do not have the economic support to build infrastructures to shield
them from the impacts of climate change. Relocating away from eroding shorelines and high
flood areas could minimize their exposure risk.

6. References
http://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/impacts/northwest.html#impactswater
http://dcraig.blogs.redding.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2015/08/slr-sea-level-rise1.jpg
http://carbonmarketwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/hydropowerRepresa-5-de-Noviember_oilwatch.png
https://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/spms4.html