Parallelism is one of the techniques in achieving cohesion and coherence in order to write a well-written text.

2. OBJECTIVES:
A. Define Parallelism
B. Emphasize the essential of
parallel structure
C. Apply parallelism in sentences.

3. SYMMETRICAL

4. What is SYMMETRICAL?
ADJECTIVE- well proportioned as a body or
a whole
MATH- noting a square matrix that is equal
to its transpose
CHEMISTRY-structure that exhibits a

5. Which is symmetrical?

6. What does SYMMETRICAL have to do with
READING AND WRITING?
Crafting a well-written text is similar to
creating a well-balanced architectural
structure or displaying symmetry in a
piece of art.

8. Which of the two sentences sounds more
pleasing to the ears? Why do you think
so?
 “Margaret is honest, has integrity, intelligence, and she's
funny."
"Margaret has honesty, integrity, intelligence, and
humor."

10. Parallel structure in writing is simply using similar
elements to create a balanced list, clause, phrase, or
sentence. Whenever you include a list of actions or
items, you must use equal grammatical units.
If the first item is a noun, then the following items
must also be nouns; if the first action is a simple past
tense verb, then make the other items simple past
tense verbs as well.

12. Which do you think has a parallel
structure?
 "The new principal promised longer lunch
periods, enhanced technology access, and
extended library hours for all students."
 "The new principal promised to give all
students longer lunch periods, allow
students better access to technology
resources, and keep the library open later."

13. When you list actions, you must use parallel
structure. Here, laughed, hummed, and shook are
all simple past tense verbs, making the list parallel.
"Maeve laughed, hummed, and shook
the handle as she prepared the old-
fashioned stovetop popcorn."

14. SERIES OF VERB PHRASES
 Exercising can give you more
energy, improve your appearance,
and people who exercise often live
longer.
 Exercising can give you more
energy, improve your appearance,
and increase your lifespan. [parallel -
series of verb phrases]

15. SERIES OF ADJECTIVES
The speech was clear, funny, and it
taught the audience a lot. [not
parallel or concise]
The speech was clear, funny,
and educational. [parallel - series of
adjectives]

16. What is then the importance of
parallelism in writing a text?
Parallelism fosters reading comprehension
because it enables readers to chunk
information, elements of a sentence (e.g.,
words, phrases, sentences) as coequal and
related. Parallelism enables writers to add
symmetry, effectiveness, and balance to
their texts.
It makes the sentence concise, clear, and easy
to read.

17. EXERCISE: Improve the sentences below by applying
parallel structure.
1. I dislike cleaning and to cook.
2. I searched in my bag, on the table, and I checked under the sofa.
3. Surfing, skateboarding, and to snowboard require a good balance.
4. He was both angry and he was also shocked.
5. She wants to get a job, make some money, and she’d like to buy a car.
6. A good employee should be reliable, work hard, and respectful.
7. She learned the value of patience, being committed, and loyalty.
8. They visited the zoo, they ate at restaurants, and stayed in a nice hotel.
9. His story was neither confusing nor bored.
10.I was asked for my name, address, and how old I was.

18. PERSISTENT AND CONSISTENT
Persistent is carrying on a task even in
spite of difficulties. Consistent, on the
other hand, is regular and unchanging.
Therefore, being persistent as well as
consistent with one's goals will help in
overcoming the obstacles one faces in
life

19. QUIZ: Decide whether the sentence has parallel structure or not. If NOT, rewrite to make it parallel.
1. She decided to leave her job and travelling the world.
2. He started the engine, released the hand break, and checked the
mirror
3. Some people think that being successful is the same thing as to have
money.
4. Did you decide not to come because you are tired or are you feeling
sick?
5. She was disappointed by not only his clothes but also his mannerisms.
6. She wants neither the red one nor the yellow one
7. When I wake up I like either walking the dog or to go for a jog.
8. I would describe her as intelligent, caring, and thoughtful.
9. He suggested that we go for a meal then we should see a film.
10.Spain is a place where you can eat cheap food and soak up the sun.

20. Write at least 5 sentences with
parallel adjectives and 5 sentences
with parallel verb phrase.