HUB:BLE-2 06 Day 2 Plenary

Boosting Local Enterprise

17th October 2013

Day 2 – Plenary Session
Adam Baker
– Kinston University and Bloodhound SSC

Jeremy Nickless
– Skylon

Planetarium Show
– We Are Aliens

In particular
•

Communications
– Relay (‘bent pipe’), broadcast (Sky), Inmarsat

•

Remote sensing
– Disaster warning, weather …spying… ‘Google Earth’

•

Scientific measurements
– Ozone hole, greenhouse gas monitoring, life on Mars,
how the universe began

•

Navigation
– GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and others to come

Infrastructure
UK Launch
Imported LV
technology, systems
Small Launcher

Infrastructure

Spaceport UK

Large Reusable
Launcher

Sub-orbital Space Access

40+ years ago

Before Oct 28th, 2021

We have the technology...
Credit: Richard RM Brown

–
–
–
–
–
–

Structures
Avionics
Propulsion
Ground support
Project management
System engineering

Credit: NDA

Credit: SSTL

Credit: TISICS

Credit: Moog Isp

Credit: QinetiQ

Good business...?
Cumulative debt
150.0
100.0
50.0
$M

0.0
1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

-50.0
-100.0
Year

9

10 11 12 13 14 15

Rocket cars

ENGINEERING ADVENTURE

www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com

What is Bloodhound?

•

•

An unreasonable and
disruptive aerospace
and education
company dedicated to
innovation.
An iconic project
aiming to create the
next generation of
scientists and
engineers.


•
•

58 dedicated engineers

•

A £41M budget , about
¼ spent to date

•
•

50 man years of R&D

Supported by 100s of
‘ambassadors’ in >5000
schools

A ‘hard’ project!


Technical goals

•

1000mph land speed
record
– Currently ~730mph


•

Inspire the next
generation of scientists &
engineers


The car

•

Structure, Powerplant, Ancillary

Rocket Engine

Credit: Falcon UK


Credit: CISAS-Uni Padua


First large hybrid test, October 2012



Hybrid heritage



Bloodhound

A record breaker...?



Bloodhound
or... horizontal ‘space shot’?

Beyond Bloodhound
– new business for the 21st century
•
•
•
•

100kg into polar orbit for £3M
Complete space missions for £5-10M
Development: as little as £20M (+ GSE + interest)
UK know how, supply chain, & facilities : UKLaunch

ROCKET Engineering Ltd.
Dr. Adam M. Baker
adam_baker@rocketmail.com

Join the Adventure
Sign up to the 1K Club:
Follow us on Twitter:
www.twitter.com/BLOODHOUND_SSC
Find us on Facebook:
www.facebook.com/BLOODHOUNDSSC


SKYLON and the SABRE Engine:
from Humble Beginnings…

Jeremy Nickless

Business Development
Reaction Engines Ltd
HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013

A Brief History

2nd UK Space Propulsion Workshop

In the mid 1980s the UK began HOTOL – a Rolls
Royce/British Aerospace study into single stage to
orbit spaceplanes – the funding was cut in 1988

3 HOTOL Engineers founded Reaction Engines Ltd.
In 1989 to continue and progress spaceplane R&D

2

The Reaction Engines UK Space Propulsion Workshop
2nd Team - 2013

▪

Thermodynamics and heat transfer

▪

Astrodynamics

▪

Chemistry

▪

▪

Non-equilibrium chemistry

Mechanical Engineering (materials,
structures, manufacture, design)

▪

Hydrodynamics & aerodynamics

▪

Specialist Engineering (marine,
automobile, nuclear)

▪

Plasma physics and engineering

▪

Systems Engineering

▪

Electromagnetics

▪

Programme and project management

▪

Control Systems

▪

Information Technology

▪

International Air and Space Law


3

T h e i m p o r t a n c e o f nd UKu s a bPropulsion c e a c c e s s …
2 r e Space l e S p a Workshop
Launchers derived from cold war military technology have been
faithful friends enabling the birth of the Space age and returning
services and knowledge.
However they suffer significant drawbacks:
▪ Expensive & labour intensive
▪ Unreliable – 1/50 failure rate historically
▪ Now a limitation to growth

1957

Today

4

Characteristics of Commercial Operations

• Reusability:
-reduced cost per flight by amortising production cost over 200 flights.
• Single-stage:
-reduced development and operating costs relative to multi-stage vehicles.
• Un-piloted:
-reduced mission control, relaxed safety during development, increased
payload. Dedicated accessory passenger module for payload bay.


7

Characteristics of Commercial Operations (cont.)
• Abort capability:
- abort to launch site with up to half engines failed.
- flight critical systems redundant to single point failure.
• User friendly operations:
- simple ground handling and automatic checkout.
- low maintenance through robust TPS and long life engines.
- containerised payload system.
• Re-entry cross-range:
- high hypersonic L/D to improve return opportunities to launch site.
• Environmental impact:
- benign propellants, ‘low’ engine noise, no orbital debris.


8

SKYLON C1

Entry to Service Targets:
• 200 reuses
• 1% abort rate per mission
• 1:20,000 loss rate per mission
• 48 hour turnaround


9

SKYLON C1

• 12 Tonnes to LEO
• 10 Tonnes to ISS
• 200m3 Payload bay
• 4.6m Diameter payload

Revision in 2010 to D1 Standard
with 15 tonne payload


10

SABRE


11

The SABRE Engine
Compressor

Pre-Cooler

Turbine

Air Intake

Bypass Duct
Thrust Chambers


12

THE PRE-COOLER


13

Pre-cooler Construction


14

P r e - c o o l e r P r o d u c2nd o nSpace Propulsion Workshop
t i UK


15

P r e - c o o l e r Te s t F a2nd l i tSpace Propulsion Workshop
c i UK y
Silencer

Nitrogen Boiler
VIPER jet engine

Circulator

Pre-cooler

Helium Loop
Data Acquisition


16

P r e - c o o l e r H e a t E xnd h aSpace Propulsion Workshop
2 c UK n g e r


17

P r e - c o o l e r Te s t R u n UK Space Propulsion Workshop
2nd


18

OTHER TECHNOLOGIES


19

R E L a d d r e s s e d m o2nd UK Space e ke y tWorkshop l o g i e s i n P h a s e 2
s t o f t h Propulsion e c h n o
Contra-rotating
turbine
2008

Silicon carbide
high temp Hx
2002

Laboratory scale
1GW/m3 HX
1996

Air/hydrogen
cooling
2010

Advanced nozzles
laboratory tests
2006

Wind tunnel
Hx module
2002

LOX cooling
2010

STERN E/D nozzle
2008

Pre-cooler frost
control
2004

Bell nozzle
separation
2010

STRICT E/D nozzle
2010

First full scale
pre-cooler module
2005

STILETTO staged
combustion
2011

Micro-channel high
pressure Hx
2010

Pre-cooler heat
Transfer
augmentation
2009

Air intake
2012

STRIDENT nozzle
2012

Complete pre-cooler
2012


20

R E L a d d r e s s e d m o s t o f t h e ke y t e c h n o l o g i e s i n P h a s e 2

Ascent trajectory
modelling

Subsonic wind
tunnel

CFRP truss
structure

Avionics

Re-entry
aerodynamics

Mach 9 hypersonic
wind tunnel

Mach 12 hypersonic
shock tunnel

TiSic truss structure

Aeroshell
21

STRICT Engine


22

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS


23

SKYL
TITLEO N S y s t e m R e q u i r e m e n t s R e v i e w

UK Space Agency independent review
Sep 2010
• ESA providing technical support
• Almost 100 invitees attended two
day workshop
• Part of wider review including on site
audit by ESA
Review Conclusions
‘no impediments or critical items have been identified for either the SKYLON

vehicle or the SABRE engine that are a block to further developments’.


24

P r e - c o o l e r t e s t p r 2nd UKaSpace Propulsion Workshopu g h
ogr mme breakthro

▪ Over 500 rig tests … over 300 engine pre-cooler tests
▪ -150°C cryogenic temperature





▪ Operation of pre-cooler & frost control system




▪ Steady state cryogenic cooling over a sustained period


Technical objectives of the ESA programme 

▪ Thermo-mechanical & aerodynamic integrity
▪


25

The Future

In July 2013 the UK Government awarded Reaction Engines a £60M grant
towards a £250M+ programme spanning 3 ½ years to the latter quarter of 2017


26

Thank You

Any Questions?

27

HUB:BLE-2 06 Day 2 Plenary

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