1. KSA
Ministry of Higher education
Shaqra University
College of Applied Medical Sciences
At Shaqra Female
Level: Five Semester One
hemodialysis

2. Content
 Introduction of Kidney (Definition &
Function&).
 Kidney failure (Definition& Types& Causes&
Diagnosis).
 Dialysis . (Definition& Types).
 Hemodialysis. ( Definition& Types& Care after ,
during
,before Hemodialysis process)

4.  The kidney from a parts, Urinary System and are a
gland in the back of the body cavity directly under
the stomach, one on each side of the bottom line
of the back. The left kidney is slightly higher than
the right kidney and similar in form bean. Length
of the total to about 10 cm.

5. Function of kidney
Removing wastes and water from the blood
Balancing chemicals in your body
Production hormones
Helping control blood pressure
Help the production of red blood cell
Producing vitamin D, which keeps the bones strong
and healthy

6. Definition of kidney failure
 Kidney failure is also called renal failure. With
kidney failure, the kidneys cannot get rid of the
body’s extra fluid and waste. This can happen
because of disease or damage from an injury.

7. 2Types of kidney failure
 Acute failure
 Acute kidney failure is a sudden loss of kidney
function that happens
 within hours or days. Causes may include:
 • Severe infections
 • Severe burns
 • Injury to or blockage of the blood flow to the
kidneys
 • Low blood pressure

8. 2Types of kidney failure
 Chronic failure
 Chronic kidney failure occurs when the kidneys slowly
lose their
 function. It is a lifelong disease that does not get
better. Causes may
 include:
 • Diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure and
heart disease
 • Kidney stones
 • Blockage or problems in the urinary tract

9. Causes of kidney failure
 Low blood pressure (hypotension).
 Muscle cramps..
 Sleep problems..
 Anemia..
 Bone diseases.
 High blood pressure (hypertension)..
 Fluid overload.

10. Causes of kidney failure
 Inflammation of the membrane surrounding the
heart (pericarditis.
 High potassium levels (hyperkalemia)..
 Infection..
 Depression.
 Amyloidosis

11. Diagnosis of kidney failure
 Examine and enzymes college urea and creatinine.
 CBC ABG
 X-ray
 Excess fluid volume
 Imbalanced nutrition
 Urine studies
 US of kidneys

12. Dialysis

13. Definition of Dialysis
 Is a process that purify the body from harmful
substances and excess fluid to his needs and which is
supposed to come out with urine.

14. Types of dialysis
 There are two main types of dialysis:
 "peritoneal dialysis.“
put into the abdomen Special fluid, called dialysate, is put
into the abdomen through the catheter. The fluid stays
in the abdomen for several hours. During this time, the
body’s extra fluid and wastes move from the blood to the
fluid. This fluid is much like urine and it is then drained
from the body through the catheter..
hemodialysis

15. hemodialysis
 Is a purification of the blood of toxins
resulting from metabolic processes within
the body and that does not rid the body
than in the case Algosoralozivi to the
kidneys.

17. Nursing care before hemodialysis
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18. Hollow -fiber Dialyzer
 Dialysis inflow tube
 Dialysis outflow tube
 Blood inflow tube
 Blood outflow tube
 10,000 hollow fibers (large surface area

19. Steps of hemodialysis process
 Blood circulates outside the body and passed
through the dialyzer
 Comes into contact with a counter flow of
dialysate solution
 Toxins are removed from the blood through
diffusion
 Excess water is removed from the blood with a
certain amount of filtration

20. Steps of hemodialysis process
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Blood is injected with heparin, an anticoagulant.
 Blood is then returned back to the body through the
artery.

22. How Does Hemodialysis Work?
 A dialysis machine pumps small amounts
 of blood out of the body and through a
 filter called an artificial kidney or
 dialyzer. This kidney filters extra fluid
 and wastes from the blood. The blood is
 then pumped back into your body.
 Medicine will be given to you to prevent
 your blood from clotting.

23. How Does Hemodialysis Work?
 Fluid, called dialysate, is added to the
 dialysis machine to:
 • Help filter out extra fluid and wastes
 that have built up
 • Add chemicals that your body uses
 The dialysate is a mixture of water and chemicals that
 are present in your blood. This fluid can be adjusted,
 based on your lab values, to give you the best filtering
 with fewer side effects.

24. Nursing care during hemodialysis
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25. Nursing care after hemodialysis
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26. Complications
 Decline blood pressure
Digestive problems
Arteriosclerosis
Anemia
- Headache head
- Fatigue and exhaustion and a sense of apathy after the
dialysis.
- A decline in the muscles of the legs.
- A sense of vomiting.
- Chest pain or back.
- The high temperature.
- Rarely, but may occur a loss of consciousness

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28. Cases that do not fit them dialysis
blood
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29. Thanks