Week 1 objective

1. Investigations in Syringomyelia
• EMG
• MRI

2. EMG
What is it ?
Test that checks the health of the muscles and
the nerves that control the muscles.
How is it done ?
- Nerve Conduction Study
- EMG/ Muscle test

3. Nerve Conduction Study
- Test ability of ( motor + sensory) nerves to
conduct electricity.
- Differentiate between ( True nerve disorders)
and ( Nerve injury )
- How is it preformed ?
- V = t/d

4. Nerve Conduction Study
Abnormal results mean :
• Demyelination
• Conduction block
• Axonopathy
• Any peripheral neuropathy
• Damage to the spinal cord and disk herniation with
nerve root compression.
Common disorders
Peripheral neuropathy
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Ulnar neuropathy
Guillain-Barré syndrome

5. Nerve Conduction Study
Motor NCS Stimulation of peripheral nerve , record
from the muscle stimulated
-Latency
-Amplitude
Sensory NCS Stimulation of a peripheral nerve record
from a purely-sensory portion of the
nerve, such as on a finger
F-wave study Evaluates conduction velocity of nerves
between the limb and spine
H-reflex study Evaluates conduction velocity of nerves
between the limb and spine

6. EMG
- Differentiate primary muscle conditions from
muscle weakness caused by neurological
disorders
- How is it done ?

7. Muscle Response Test Test to measure muscle response to
nervous stimulation
Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SEPs) Investigation of Multiple Sclerosis,
Brachial Plexus and Spinal Cord injuries,
Coma, Brain Death
Single Fiber EMG (SFEMG) Single Fiber EMG can be used to estimate
the density of fibers belonging to a single
motor unit
Single Fiber Jitter (SFJ) Used for assessing transmission at the
motor end plate
Motor Unit Action Potentials (MUAPs) Myopathies lead to a decrease in duration
and amplitude of MUAPs, whereas
neuropathies cause an increase in
duration and amplitude

8. MRI