breif view

1. VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
P.KOTHAKOTA

2.  ENGINE is a machine that converts thermal
energy to mechanical work.

3. Internal Combustion Engine :The combustion of fuel takes place
inside the combustion chamber.
Eg: Petrol/Diesel Engine.

4.  INTERNAL
COMBUSTION
 Petrol,diesel engines.
 Works on principle of
OTTO cycle..
 SPARK IGNITION
ENGINES.
 2-Stroke engines,4-
stroke engines.
 EXTERNAL
COMBUSTION.
 Thermal power plant.
 Works on principle of
DIESEL cycle.
 COMPRESSION
IGNITION ENGINES.
 Diesel engine.

5. OPERATION OF
PISTION…...
 STROKE-The distance moved by
the piston in one direction is
known as stroke..
 Top dead center to Bottom dead
center results a stroke.
 Connecting rod converts
receprocating motion to rotating
motion.
 Crank shaft is gets the rotating
motion and shaft is driven..

6. 2-STROKE
ENGINE…
>SUCESSION AND
COMPRESSING
DURING UPWARD
STROKE OF THE
PISTON.
>EXPASION AND
EXHAUST DURING
DOWNWARD
STROKE.
.>THERE IS ONE
POWER STROKE
FOR EVERY
REVOLUTION OF
CRANK SHAFT.

7. 4-STROKE ENGINE
OPERATION
STEPS INVOLVED:
1-SUCESSION
2-COMPRESSION
3-COMBUSTION
4-EXHAUST

9. PRINCIPLE INVOLVED
THE OTTO CYCLE:
>A German Scientist Dr.A.N.Otto was the first
persion to suceed in working an engine on this
cycle in 1876.
>It is a constant volume cycle.
> Idealised Pressure/volume diagram of the
Otto cycle showing combustion heat input Qp
and waste exhaust output Qo, the power stroke
is the top curved line, the bottom is the
compression stroke
>OTTO cycle is a typical cycle for most of the
vechiles..
>1-2:Intake stroke-sucession;2-3:compression
stroke;
3-4:Heat addition stroke;4-1:Exhaust stroke.

10. ADVANTAGES
 More compact and occupy
less space.
 Starting is easy and quick.
 Pocess high thermal
efficiency.
 Do not require any
auxiliary equipments such
as boilers and condensers.
 Simple in design and low
cost.
DISADVANTAGES
 Require more refined
fuels which are costly.
 Requires devices like fuel
injector and carburator.
 Only suitable for smaller
capacity units.
 IC engines lose 42% of
their energy to exhaust
and 28% of their energy
to the cooling system.

11. Internal combustion engines are among the most important
engineering applications. The theory of application either
depends on Diesel or Otto cycles. They are categorized
either according to the operating cycle, or due to the
mechanism of working.
Each type of engines has some advantages over the other
one. Thus, the selection of the appropriate engine requires
determining the conditions of application.

12. THANK UU……