4. 1. DIAGNOSIS 2. THERAPY 3. PALLIATIVE CARE 4. ETHICAL ISSUES 5. PROGRESS AND RESEARCH 6. SPECIALTIES

7. Diagnostic methods include : Diagnostic methods include :

11. THERAPY It completely depends on the nature of the tumor identified what kind of therapeutical intervention will be necessary. Certain disorders will require immediate admission and chemotherapy, while others will be followed up with regular physical examination and blood tests.

12. THERAPY Often, surgery is attempted to remove a tumor entirely. This is only feasible when there is some degree of certainty that the tumor can in fact be removed. Surgery is also used for the palliative treatment of some of cancers, e.g. to relieve biliary obstruction, or to relieve the problems associated with some cerebral tumors.

13. THERAPY Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are used as a first-line radical therapy in a number of malignancies. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are commonly used for palliation, where disease is clearly incurable: in this situation the aim is to improve the quality of and prolong life.

14. THERAPY There is currently a rapid expansion in the use of monoclonal antibody treatments, notably for lymphoma(Rituximab), and breast cancer (Trastuzumab). Hormone manipulation is well established, particularly in the treatment of breast and prostate cancer. Vaccine and other immunotherapies are the subject of intensive research.

16. PALLIATIVE CARE 50% cancer cases Radical treatment A large number of cancer patients will die from the disease will die of other causes PALLIATIVE CARE: TO ADDRESS THE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH ADVANCED DISEASE pain, nausea, anorexia, fatigue, immobility. DEPRESSION MORAL AND SPIRITUAL ISSUES ARE ALSO IMPORTANT