On the 11th September 2012, SIANI, FAO Norden, Sida and Svenska kyrkan held a seminar called "Cash Transfers, resilience and agriculture development". The role of cash transfers in the context of social protection in stimulating local production and increasing resilience’s of rural communities was discussed as well as a great many other related issues.The seminar was held in Stockholm and also broadcast over the internet.

1. CASH-for-CHANGE
CASH and VOUCHER TRANSFERS
in
FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS

2. Background
• Delivering “Hunger Solutions” and reduce food insecurity.
CASH-for-CHANGE
• Cash and voucher transfers for social protection, to increase resilience
but also to meet relief needs.
• Ability to shift among cash, food and vouchers allows WFP to tailor
the response maintaining it relevant over the intervention’s lifetime.
• Broader toolbox has the potential to increase the intervention’s
effectiveness.

3. oPt: e-vouchers
WFP & Ministry Social Affairs
1. Protect the livelihoods and enhance
dietary diversity of urban food
CASH-for-CHANGE
insecure households;
2. Enable beneficiaries to purchase
local products (cheese, eggs, etc.)
directly from grocery shops;
3. Invest in local communities, stimulate economic activity and
employment at the micro level.

4. oPt: e-vouchers
Project Outcomes
Significant and sustained improvement of
CASH-for-CHANGE
household dietary diversity compared to
baseline data and to households receiving in-
kind food assistance.
40% of participating shops showed more than
60% increase in sales due to the vouchers
and to the spill-over effects on the shops’
businesses.
Employment increased from an average of 0.9 to 2.4 employees per shop,
which, corresponds on average to 35 people hired as a result of the voucher
project.
Beneficiaries perceived the voucher programme as improving their choice,
flexibility and dignity.

5. Burkina Faso: vouchers
WFP & Ministry Social Affairs
1. Protect the livelihoods of the poorest
affected by substantial purchasing
CASH-for-CHANGE
power erosion and income loss.
2. Enable beneficiaries to purchase
local products (cereals, pulses, soap,
etc.) directly from grocery shops
largely affected by the reduced
purchasing power.

6. Burkina Faso: vouchers
Project Outcomes
Poverty persisted but WFP
CASH-for-CHANGE
assistance mitigated the
impoverishment trend among
the beneficiaries.
Prevalence of severe food
insecurity dropped from 80 to
65 percent among assisted
households.
For the majority of beneficiaries
increased food intake (quantity
and quality).

7. Kenya: Conditional Cash
Objective: Resilience
CASH-for-CHANGE

8. Kenya: Conditional Cash
Access to market
CASH-for-CHANGE
MWANGANGI, Widowed Mother
of 3 : “With the cash I receive, I
can buy vegetables, rice and even
milk for my children.”

9. Kenya: Conditional Cash
Household expenditure: > 50 percent of the food-receiving households showed
expenditures of less than 50 percent on food. Cash-receiving households showed the
CASH-for-CHANGE
opposite extreme, where more than 75 percent of their expenditure is for food.
School fees 16%
Food 76% Farm inputs 2%
Medical 2%
IGA 2%
Other 2%

10. Kenya: Conditional Cash
CASH-for-CHANGE
…through village banking

11. Kenya: Conditional Cash
CASH-for-CHANGE
Financial literacy

12. Kenya: Conditional Cash
MWANIKI, MOTHER OF 6
CASH-for-CHANGE
“…I intend to make some savings
and buy a goat so my children can
have milk.”

13. Opportunities & Challenges
• Stimulate local markets
CASH-for-CHANGE
• Beneficiaries become decision-makers
• Cost-efficiency improved
• Support government-led social protection programs
• Create new opportunities for handover
• Require enhanced capacity, new systems and procedures
• Critical role of private sector and service providers
• C&V based operations remain underfunded hampering results
Sustained and regular funding are critical to
building resilience and creating multiplier effects

14. World Food Programme
Via C.G. Viola, 68/70 - 00148 Rome, Italy