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Brain Research- Multiple Intelligences
     Dr. Douglas Gosse & Olive Ridler, 2006
Methods – Faculty of Education, Nipissing University




                                                       1
Who is intelligent?




                      2
Theoretical Premise: Howard
     Gardner 1983, 2000
• People engage in different kinds of thinking
• There is a connection between thinking and intelligence
• Howard Gardner challenges traditional views of
  intelligence which he says have centered on only 2 types
  of intelligence ( linguistic & logical mathematical)
• This theory is more appealing cross culturally because
  other forms of intelligence are valued in other cultures
• Real people have a blend of intelligences & teachers must
  consider instructional strategies that uses all the
  intelligences
                                                              3
Howard Gardner 1983, 2000
• Most people are strong in at least one of the intelligence
  areas.
• Historically the traditional “intelligences” were
  privileged but Gardner proposes that all 8 of his
  intelligences are of equal utility
• Teachers have embraced this theory because it is easy to
  apply to teaching and learning
• This theory also provides for alternative forms of
  assessment. Instead of answering the question “How
  smart are you?” assessment becomes “How are you
  smart?”
• All intelligences can be taught & nurtured               4
Gardner’s definition of
intelligence

• The ability to solve problems that
  one encounters in real life
• The ability to generate new
  problems to solve
• The ability to make something or
  offer a service that is valued within
  one’s culture

                                          5
MI theory is not an educational
prescription.
“ Educators are in the best position to
determine the uses in which MI theory
can and should be put to use”



                                          6
8 Intelligences – by Dr. Howard Gardner
 1.   Linguistic
 2. Logical/ Mathematical
 3. Spatial
 4. Bodily/ Kinesthetic
 5. Musical
 6. Interpersonal
 7. Intrapersonal
 8. Naturalistic
                                          7
Can you define intelligence?


Margaret Atwood
Linguistic Intelligence
  • capacity to use language
  •Able to express what is on your mind
  •Adept with words
  • “Word Smart”

                                          8
Can you define intelligence?
           Albert Einstein
             Logical/ Mathematical
               Intelligence
              • Adept with numbers &
                 reasoning
              •Manipulate numbers,
              quantities and numbers
              • “Number Smart”

                                       9
Can you define intelligence?
    Alex Colville



Spatial Intelligence
 • Adept with pictures &
    images
 •Able to represent the
 spatial world internally
 in your mind
 • “Picture Smart”               10
Can you define intelligence?
Mats Sundin     Bodily/ Kinesthetic
                 Intelligence
                 • capacity to use parts
                 of the body to solve a
                 problem, make
                 something or put on
                 some kind of
                 production
                 • “Body Smart”
                                      11
Can you define intelligence?

  Shania Twain

Musical Intelligence
 • capacity to think in
 •Music, able to hear
 patterns, recognize them,
 manipulate them
 • “Music Smart”
                                 12
Can you define intelligence?

Pierre E. Trudeau

Interpersonal Intelligence
  • understanding other
  People
  •ability to work with &
  motivate others toward a
  common goal
  • “People Smart”             13
Can you define intelligence?

Helen Keller
Intrapersonal Intelligence
  • Skills of self-knowledge
  •Knowing who you are, what
  you can do, what you want
  • “Self smart”

                                14
Can you define intelligence?

             David Suzuki

              Naturalistic Intelligence
             • Skills of making
                connection to elements
                in nature
             • “Nature Smart”

                                    15
Linguistic
If you have strong linguistic intelligence
   you might learn better by

   • Reading
   • Memorizing
   • Playing word games (Scrabble, Anagrams, Password)
   • Making up rhymes, puns
   • Using the internet

                                                         16
Logical/Mathematical Learner
If you have strong logical-mathematical
   intelligence you might learn better by

   • Recording information systematically
   • Setting up experiments (“What if…?”)
   • Playing strategy games (Chess, Checkers)
   • Analyzing data
   • Asking logical questions
   • Using the internet
                                                17
Spatial Learner
If you have strong spatial intelligence you
   might learn better by
  • Studying pictures
  • Watching videos
  • Using visual, tangible aids
  • Doing mazes, puzzles
  • Making predictions
  • Using the internet
                                              18
Bodily/Kinesthetic Learner
If you have strong bodily-kinesthetic
   intelligence you might learn better by

   • Doing role plays
   • Constructing physical examples
   • Exercising while reviewing
   • Visiting museums, institutions, parks
   • Asking logical questions
   • Using the internet
                                             19
Musical Learner
If you have strong musical intelligence you
   might learn better by

   • Listening to recordings
   • Talking to yourself
   • Making up songs
   • Mentally repeating information
   • Reading aloud
   • Changing tempo
                                              20
Interpersonal Learner
If you have strong interpersonal
   intelligence you might learn better by

   • Studying in groups
   • Comparing information with others
   • Interviewing experts
   • Relating personal experiences
   • Being a team player
   • Doing cooperative projects
                                            21
Intrapersonal Learner
If you have strong intrapersonal
   intelligence you might learn better by

   • Avoiding distractions
   • Establishing personal goals
   • Playing solitary games
   • Setting own pace
   • Working alone
   • Relating personal experiences
                                            22
Naturalistic Learner
If you have strong naturalistic intelligence
   you might learn better by

   • Studying outside
   • Learning in the presence of plants & pets
   • Relating environmental issues to topics
   • Smelling, seeing touching, tasting,
   • Observing natural phenomenon

                                               23
Multiple Intelligences

• Studies continue…
  – Naturalistic Intelligence
  – Emotional intelligence
  – Moral Intelligence
  – Spiritual Intelligence



                                24
25
Consolidation!!!!
1. Charlie Chaplin and Maria Sharapova
   are two extraordinary examples of the
   following intelligence:
    –   Visual Spatial
    –   Bodily – Kinaesthetic
    –   Musical rhythmic

2. Jane Goodall and David Suzuki are
   great examples of this intelligence:
•   Logical Mathematical
•   Naturalist
•   Intrapersonal
                                           26
Consolidation
3. Pablo Picasso and the architect Frank Lloyd Wright had the
     following capacity in great measure:
    –   Visual Spatial intelligence
    –   Logical Mathematical intelligence
    –   Verbal Linguistic intelligence
4. The famous lawyer Ed Greenspoon and the chess champion
     Gary Kasparov have the following intelligence in common:
•    Interpersonal
•    Verbal Linguistic
•    Logical Mathematical
5. Former prime minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau and talk show
     host Oprah Winfrey are examples of :
    –   Bodily – Kinaesthetic intelligence
    –   Interpersonal intelligence
    –   Intrapersonal intelligence


                                                                27
Consolidation
6. What do Arethra Franklin and Wolfgang Amadeus
   Mozart have in common?
    – Naturalist intelligence
    – Musical rhythmic intelligence
    – Visual Spatial intelligence
7. Authors Henry David Thoreau and Khalil Gibran had
   abundant:
    – Intrapersonal intelligence
    – Interpersonal intelligence
    – Musical rhythmic intelligence
8. The work of Margaret Atwood, David Bergen, Anne
   Marie McDonald demonstrates:
•   Bodily – Kinaesthetic intelligence
•   Verbal Linguistic intelligence
•   Naturalist intelligence

                                                       28
Resources & References

Armstrong, Thomas. Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom, 2nd Ed.. Alexandria,
VA: ASCD, 2000.
Armstrong, Thomas. In Their Own Way: Discovering and Encouraging Your Child’s
Multiple Intelligences. New York: Tarcher/Putnam, 2000
Armstrong. Thomas. (April 19, 2004). The Possibilities and Limitations of Multiple
Intelligences in the Schools. Retrieved December 4, 2005, from http://www.acu-
vejle.dk/mi/laes_mere_1/dokumenter/Handouts_Vejle_190404_formiddag.ppt
Buzan, Tony. Use Both Sides of Your Brain. New York: Dutton, 1991.
Campbell, L. and B. Campbell. Multiple Intelligences and Student Achievement:
Success Stories from Six Schools. Alexandria, VA: ASCD, 2000.
Department of Education. (2004). Use Your Brain - Multiple Intelligences. Retrieved
December 4, 2005, from http://depts.gallaudet.edu/TIP/manual/orientation/MI.ppt
Gardner, Howard. Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. New
York: Basic Books, 1983.
Gardner, Howard. Multiple Intelligences: The Theory in Practice. New York:
Basic Books, 1993.
Gardner, Howard.. Intelligence Reframed: Multiple Intelligences for the 21st
Century. New York: Basic, 1999.
Hoerr, T. Becoming a Multiple Intelligences School. Alexandria, VA: ASCD, 2000.
Kornhaber, M. Project SUMIT: Outcomes. Website:
http://www.pz.harvard.edu/SUMIT/OUTCOMES.htm                                   29

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Multiple Intelligences

  • 1. Brain Research- Multiple Intelligences Dr. Douglas Gosse & Olive Ridler, 2006 Methods – Faculty of Education, Nipissing University 1
  • 3. Theoretical Premise: Howard Gardner 1983, 2000 • People engage in different kinds of thinking • There is a connection between thinking and intelligence • Howard Gardner challenges traditional views of intelligence which he says have centered on only 2 types of intelligence ( linguistic & logical mathematical) • This theory is more appealing cross culturally because other forms of intelligence are valued in other cultures • Real people have a blend of intelligences & teachers must consider instructional strategies that uses all the intelligences 3
  • 4. Howard Gardner 1983, 2000 • Most people are strong in at least one of the intelligence areas. • Historically the traditional “intelligences” were privileged but Gardner proposes that all 8 of his intelligences are of equal utility • Teachers have embraced this theory because it is easy to apply to teaching and learning • This theory also provides for alternative forms of assessment. Instead of answering the question “How smart are you?” assessment becomes “How are you smart?” • All intelligences can be taught & nurtured 4
  • 5. Gardner’s definition of intelligence • The ability to solve problems that one encounters in real life • The ability to generate new problems to solve • The ability to make something or offer a service that is valued within one’s culture 5
  • 6. MI theory is not an educational prescription. “ Educators are in the best position to determine the uses in which MI theory can and should be put to use” 6
  • 7. 8 Intelligences – by Dr. Howard Gardner 1. Linguistic 2. Logical/ Mathematical 3. Spatial 4. Bodily/ Kinesthetic 5. Musical 6. Interpersonal 7. Intrapersonal 8. Naturalistic 7
  • 8. Can you define intelligence? Margaret Atwood Linguistic Intelligence • capacity to use language •Able to express what is on your mind •Adept with words • “Word Smart” 8
  • 9. Can you define intelligence? Albert Einstein Logical/ Mathematical Intelligence • Adept with numbers & reasoning •Manipulate numbers, quantities and numbers • “Number Smart” 9
  • 10. Can you define intelligence? Alex Colville Spatial Intelligence • Adept with pictures & images •Able to represent the spatial world internally in your mind • “Picture Smart” 10
  • 11. Can you define intelligence? Mats Sundin Bodily/ Kinesthetic Intelligence • capacity to use parts of the body to solve a problem, make something or put on some kind of production • “Body Smart” 11
  • 12. Can you define intelligence? Shania Twain Musical Intelligence • capacity to think in •Music, able to hear patterns, recognize them, manipulate them • “Music Smart” 12
  • 13. Can you define intelligence? Pierre E. Trudeau Interpersonal Intelligence • understanding other People •ability to work with & motivate others toward a common goal • “People Smart” 13
  • 14. Can you define intelligence? Helen Keller Intrapersonal Intelligence • Skills of self-knowledge •Knowing who you are, what you can do, what you want • “Self smart” 14
  • 15. Can you define intelligence? David Suzuki Naturalistic Intelligence • Skills of making connection to elements in nature • “Nature Smart” 15
  • 16. Linguistic If you have strong linguistic intelligence you might learn better by • Reading • Memorizing • Playing word games (Scrabble, Anagrams, Password) • Making up rhymes, puns • Using the internet 16
  • 17. Logical/Mathematical Learner If you have strong logical-mathematical intelligence you might learn better by • Recording information systematically • Setting up experiments (“What if…?”) • Playing strategy games (Chess, Checkers) • Analyzing data • Asking logical questions • Using the internet 17
  • 18. Spatial Learner If you have strong spatial intelligence you might learn better by • Studying pictures • Watching videos • Using visual, tangible aids • Doing mazes, puzzles • Making predictions • Using the internet 18
  • 19. Bodily/Kinesthetic Learner If you have strong bodily-kinesthetic intelligence you might learn better by • Doing role plays • Constructing physical examples • Exercising while reviewing • Visiting museums, institutions, parks • Asking logical questions • Using the internet 19
  • 20. Musical Learner If you have strong musical intelligence you might learn better by • Listening to recordings • Talking to yourself • Making up songs • Mentally repeating information • Reading aloud • Changing tempo 20
  • 21. Interpersonal Learner If you have strong interpersonal intelligence you might learn better by • Studying in groups • Comparing information with others • Interviewing experts • Relating personal experiences • Being a team player • Doing cooperative projects 21
  • 22. Intrapersonal Learner If you have strong intrapersonal intelligence you might learn better by • Avoiding distractions • Establishing personal goals • Playing solitary games • Setting own pace • Working alone • Relating personal experiences 22
  • 23. Naturalistic Learner If you have strong naturalistic intelligence you might learn better by • Studying outside • Learning in the presence of plants & pets • Relating environmental issues to topics • Smelling, seeing touching, tasting, • Observing natural phenomenon 23
  • 24. Multiple Intelligences • Studies continue… – Naturalistic Intelligence – Emotional intelligence – Moral Intelligence – Spiritual Intelligence 24
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  • 26. Consolidation!!!! 1. Charlie Chaplin and Maria Sharapova are two extraordinary examples of the following intelligence: – Visual Spatial – Bodily – Kinaesthetic – Musical rhythmic 2. Jane Goodall and David Suzuki are great examples of this intelligence: • Logical Mathematical • Naturalist • Intrapersonal 26
  • 27. Consolidation 3. Pablo Picasso and the architect Frank Lloyd Wright had the following capacity in great measure: – Visual Spatial intelligence – Logical Mathematical intelligence – Verbal Linguistic intelligence 4. The famous lawyer Ed Greenspoon and the chess champion Gary Kasparov have the following intelligence in common: • Interpersonal • Verbal Linguistic • Logical Mathematical 5. Former prime minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau and talk show host Oprah Winfrey are examples of : – Bodily – Kinaesthetic intelligence – Interpersonal intelligence – Intrapersonal intelligence 27
  • 28. Consolidation 6. What do Arethra Franklin and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart have in common? – Naturalist intelligence – Musical rhythmic intelligence – Visual Spatial intelligence 7. Authors Henry David Thoreau and Khalil Gibran had abundant: – Intrapersonal intelligence – Interpersonal intelligence – Musical rhythmic intelligence 8. The work of Margaret Atwood, David Bergen, Anne Marie McDonald demonstrates: • Bodily – Kinaesthetic intelligence • Verbal Linguistic intelligence • Naturalist intelligence 28
  • 29. Resources & References Armstrong, Thomas. Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom, 2nd Ed.. Alexandria, VA: ASCD, 2000. Armstrong, Thomas. In Their Own Way: Discovering and Encouraging Your Child’s Multiple Intelligences. New York: Tarcher/Putnam, 2000 Armstrong. Thomas. (April 19, 2004). The Possibilities and Limitations of Multiple Intelligences in the Schools. Retrieved December 4, 2005, from http://www.acu- vejle.dk/mi/laes_mere_1/dokumenter/Handouts_Vejle_190404_formiddag.ppt Buzan, Tony. Use Both Sides of Your Brain. New York: Dutton, 1991. Campbell, L. and B. Campbell. Multiple Intelligences and Student Achievement: Success Stories from Six Schools. Alexandria, VA: ASCD, 2000. Department of Education. (2004). Use Your Brain - Multiple Intelligences. Retrieved December 4, 2005, from http://depts.gallaudet.edu/TIP/manual/orientation/MI.ppt Gardner, Howard. Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. New York: Basic Books, 1983. Gardner, Howard. Multiple Intelligences: The Theory in Practice. New York: Basic Books, 1993. Gardner, Howard.. Intelligence Reframed: Multiple Intelligences for the 21st Century. New York: Basic, 1999. Hoerr, T. Becoming a Multiple Intelligences School. Alexandria, VA: ASCD, 2000. Kornhaber, M. Project SUMIT: Outcomes. Website: http://www.pz.harvard.edu/SUMIT/OUTCOMES.htm 29