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Survey Writing


The Art of Asking
Objective

    Understand the purpose of a survey
    Explain considerations in writing a
    survey
    Give examples of survey formats




 12/12/2010       Report Writing          2
Definition of a Survey

  A survey is a structured interview of a
   target audience.

     Interview

     Questionnaire


  12/12/2010         Report Writing         3
Interview Vs. Questionnaire

      Interview                 Questionnaire
     Time consuming             Quick
     Harder to measure          Easily analyzed
     More expensive             Cheaper
     Able to target a           More opinionated
     more rounded               tend to respond
     audience                   more


  12/12/2010        Report Writing                 4
Purpose of a Survey

  A survey obtains objective information
   from a target audience about:
         Services
         Ideas
         Products
         Opinions



  12/12/2010        Report Writing         5
Designing a Survey

     Determine the purpose of the survey
     Determine the target audience
     Determine the how to administer
     Determine how to tabulate
     Determine the meaning of the results



  12/12/2010       Report Writing       6
The Purpose

    Why bother?
    How are the results to be used?
    Is there another way to obtain the
    same information?
    What is being measured?



 12/12/2010       Report Writing         7
The Audience

    Who needs to take the survey?
        Demographics
    How is the survey administered?
    How is the target audience
    encouraged to participate?
    What reading level does the survey
    need to be written to?

 12/12/2010            Report Writing    8
The Administration

     Where?
     When?
     How?
     Who?
     When does it stop?



  12/12/2010      Report Writing   9
The Tabulation

     How are the results tabulated?
     Is a statistical analysis required?
     Is there sufficient data to measure?




  12/12/2010       Report Writing           10
The Results

     How will the results be used?
     Who gets the results?
     What happens to the raw data?
     Can recommendations be made?




  12/12/2010      Report Writing     11
Types of Questions—
Open Ended
    Any answer is fine
        What is your opinion of the movie?
    Provides a range of responses
    Difficult to quantify




 12/12/2010           Report Writing         12
Types of Questions–
Closed Ended
     Limited choice
         Yes no no opinion
         Strongly agree agree neutral
         disagree strongly disagree
         ___ 2 hours ____ 4 hours
     Restricts the input of the survey
     taker
     Easier to tabulate

  12/12/2010          Report Writing     13
Question Basics

     Include demographic questions if important
         Male Female
     Keep questions short
     Use neutral questions
         Since this product is so effective,
               would you use it daily,
               twice a day or
               more often



  12/12/2010                     Report Writing   14
Question Basics – Only One

     Measure one thing per question
         Everest is a good school with good
         teachers?
               Yes No




  12/12/2010            Report Writing        15
Question Basics – No Negatives

     Avoid negative questions
         Everest University is not the best school
         you have ever attended
               Yes No




  12/12/2010            Report Writing           16
Question Basics - Simplicity

     Use simple wording
         In your opinion, after several semesters
         at Everest would you return for an
         advanced degree if they offered it in a
         field of your choice?
               Yes No




  12/12/2010            Report Writing          17
Survey Format

    Name the survey
    Write an introduction to the survey
    Explain how the survey will be used
    Give clear directions
    Tell what to do with the survey when
    completed


 12/12/2010       Report Writing           18
When Done

    Surveys are usually part of other reports
    Carefully tabulate the results
    Watch for questions which do not measure
    what they were designed for
    Explain in text
        How the survey was conducted
        The results of the survey
    Attach as an addendum a blank
    questionnaire

 12/12/2010            Report Writing       19
Statistical Analysis

     Sample Size vs population size
     Unintended biases
     Significance – a statistical calculation
     that the results for each question are
     likely to accurate reflect what people
     thing about the question


  12/12/2010        Report Writing         20
Summary

    Surveys are useful tools
    Good surveys give good data; bad
    surveys give bad data
    Design for easy of use
    Have a clear purpose



 12/12/2010       Report Writing       21
Resources

    Wording Your Survey
    http://www.pearsonncs.com/research-
    notes/95-07.htm
    Survey Design
    http://www.surveysystem.com/sdesign.htm
    Questionnaires and Survey Design
    http://www.statpac.com/surveys/
    Writing Guide: Statistics
    http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/resear
    ch/stats/

 12/12/2010         Report Writing           22

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SURVEY WRITING.pdf

  • 2. Objective Understand the purpose of a survey Explain considerations in writing a survey Give examples of survey formats 12/12/2010 Report Writing 2
  • 3. Definition of a Survey A survey is a structured interview of a target audience. Interview Questionnaire 12/12/2010 Report Writing 3
  • 4. Interview Vs. Questionnaire Interview Questionnaire Time consuming Quick Harder to measure Easily analyzed More expensive Cheaper Able to target a More opinionated more rounded tend to respond audience more 12/12/2010 Report Writing 4
  • 5. Purpose of a Survey A survey obtains objective information from a target audience about: Services Ideas Products Opinions 12/12/2010 Report Writing 5
  • 6. Designing a Survey Determine the purpose of the survey Determine the target audience Determine the how to administer Determine how to tabulate Determine the meaning of the results 12/12/2010 Report Writing 6
  • 7. The Purpose Why bother? How are the results to be used? Is there another way to obtain the same information? What is being measured? 12/12/2010 Report Writing 7
  • 8. The Audience Who needs to take the survey? Demographics How is the survey administered? How is the target audience encouraged to participate? What reading level does the survey need to be written to? 12/12/2010 Report Writing 8
  • 9. The Administration Where? When? How? Who? When does it stop? 12/12/2010 Report Writing 9
  • 10. The Tabulation How are the results tabulated? Is a statistical analysis required? Is there sufficient data to measure? 12/12/2010 Report Writing 10
  • 11. The Results How will the results be used? Who gets the results? What happens to the raw data? Can recommendations be made? 12/12/2010 Report Writing 11
  • 12. Types of Questions— Open Ended Any answer is fine What is your opinion of the movie? Provides a range of responses Difficult to quantify 12/12/2010 Report Writing 12
  • 13. Types of Questions– Closed Ended Limited choice Yes no no opinion Strongly agree agree neutral disagree strongly disagree ___ 2 hours ____ 4 hours Restricts the input of the survey taker Easier to tabulate 12/12/2010 Report Writing 13
  • 14. Question Basics Include demographic questions if important Male Female Keep questions short Use neutral questions Since this product is so effective, would you use it daily, twice a day or more often 12/12/2010 Report Writing 14
  • 15. Question Basics – Only One Measure one thing per question Everest is a good school with good teachers? Yes No 12/12/2010 Report Writing 15
  • 16. Question Basics – No Negatives Avoid negative questions Everest University is not the best school you have ever attended Yes No 12/12/2010 Report Writing 16
  • 17. Question Basics - Simplicity Use simple wording In your opinion, after several semesters at Everest would you return for an advanced degree if they offered it in a field of your choice? Yes No 12/12/2010 Report Writing 17
  • 18. Survey Format Name the survey Write an introduction to the survey Explain how the survey will be used Give clear directions Tell what to do with the survey when completed 12/12/2010 Report Writing 18
  • 19. When Done Surveys are usually part of other reports Carefully tabulate the results Watch for questions which do not measure what they were designed for Explain in text How the survey was conducted The results of the survey Attach as an addendum a blank questionnaire 12/12/2010 Report Writing 19
  • 20. Statistical Analysis Sample Size vs population size Unintended biases Significance – a statistical calculation that the results for each question are likely to accurate reflect what people thing about the question 12/12/2010 Report Writing 20
  • 21. Summary Surveys are useful tools Good surveys give good data; bad surveys give bad data Design for easy of use Have a clear purpose 12/12/2010 Report Writing 21
  • 22. Resources Wording Your Survey http://www.pearsonncs.com/research- notes/95-07.htm Survey Design http://www.surveysystem.com/sdesign.htm Questionnaires and Survey Design http://www.statpac.com/surveys/ Writing Guide: Statistics http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/resear ch/stats/ 12/12/2010 Report Writing 22