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Teaching business ethics in
China
Robert Shaw
Graduate School of Business
Guangdong University of Foreign Studies

2nd International Symposium on Corporate Responsibility &
Sustainable Development 第二届国际企业责任和可持续发展研
讨会
2

Agenda
1. Business ethics in the West
2. Business ethics in China
3

1 Business ethics education in the
West
New topics
New aims
Research is becoming more profound
4

The purpose of Business Schools
About half the Business Schools in the West emphasise ethics
Who decides the curriculum?
Produce employable graduates,
honest workers
Business ethics is
the battle ground
Example: Entrepreneurship
5

Misunderstandings about business
ethics
Ethics is about what people ought to do
Contrast with science
Contrast with the law
If you want to know how to get people to obey the law, ask
the police, criminologists, psychologists, sociologists
Business ethics courses will not make people more honest,
nor should they try to do this
6

Is this book about business ethics?
7
8

Is moral development theory about
ethics?

How children become
mature moral adults
Stage theories
of moral development
Cognitive development
Workshop:  business ethics in China
Workshop:  business ethics in China
11

How does the law relate to
business ethics?
Is business ethics not just a matter of obeying the law?
Most of the cases of dishonesty in the news are not of much
interest to those with a serious interest in ethics
If you want to know how to get people to obey the law, ask the
police, criminologists, psychologists, sociologists
Ethics appears in two places in relation to the law
Policy and the formulation of laws
The use of discretion
12

Discretionary justice
Kenneth Culp Davis
Professor in Administrative Law
University of Chicago

Discretion is a tool, indispensable for the individualization
of justice … Rules alone, untempered by discretion, cannot
cope with the complexities of modern government and
modern justice
The mechanical application of a rule means injustice … what
is needed is individualised justice
13

Discretionary justice
There is always a gap between a rule and
its application – discretion
This theory is not just about the law
Applying rules = implementing policy
A course for chief executives
Research on rules involves
The philosophy of language
Universals / particulars
Free will / determinism
14

Traditional topics in business ethics
The subject business ethics appeared in the 1960s
Topics:
Employee dishonesty
Codes of conduct
Fair working conditions - health and safety
Respect for other cultures
The horrors when corporations are caught lying
Monitoring email
Taking and giving bribes
Child labour in foreign countries
Whistle blowing
Workplace rights - drug testing, surveillance
The joys of corporate social responsibility
15

Topics in business ethics
New problematics:
Social justice –distribution of wealth
Economic theory – neoliberalism
Capitalism & socialism
Democracy & other systems
Corporations & morality
The effect of technology on society
Ethics of cyberspace
Eco-phenomenology
Human rights
Indigenous rights – land rights, cultural harvest
Animal rights
Open access to data/science/government information
16

The new business ethics
Ethics in as it appears in
Public policy
Economics
Social theory
Political theory
Methods of critical analysis
Draws upon the discipline
of philosophy
17

The aims of business ethics
The goal – courses
To discuss what people ought to do
Moral dilemmas
Scholarship
The goal – students
Develop decision-making skills
To make better decisions
[& act differently]
Scholarship
Workshop:  business ethics in China
19

Business ethics courses – a tradition
of 2,500 years
Parmenides & Kant – rationality
Aristotle – flourishing & codes of ethics
Kant –moral autonomy & deontology
Bentham & Mill –utilitarianism
20

The aims of business ethics courses
Moral autonomy
The moral person / leader / manager is
EITHER Heteronomous – follows rules
OR
Autonomous – independent in
thought and action
Kant: If you are morally autonomous, you
Make your own decisions
Do so rationally
Have strength-of-will, act as you decide
21

Influences on business ethics
courses
University teachers teach what they research
22

The scholar practitioner

What is the basis of policy?
The British Treasury in the early 1900s
SP applies to
government
business
23

2 Business ethics education in
China
24

2 Business ethics education in
China
25

2 Business ethics education in
China
26

2 Business ethics education in
China
27

2 Business ethics education in
China
28

2 Business ethics education in
China
29

2 Business ethics education in
China
30

2 Business ethics education in
China
31
32

Ethics advances in China
2006
Rothlin B (2004)
Becoming a Top-Notch Player: 18 rules of
international business ethics (In Chinese)
Rules and critical thinking
33

What I see in China
80% of businesses small or medium
Nationalism
Values
Pride
Confidence
Unity
Localisation

=

Role of leadership

National self-determination
Identity
Openness to ideas
The Chinese way
34

Approaches to business

C0mpetitition

Capitalism Stakeholders Community
Truth/Virtue
35

The way ahead
36

My personal suggestions for China
Throw away the Western textbooks
Bring Chinese and Western philosophers into critique
Build on existing ethics courses
Understand about case studies
Relate business ethics to Chinese theories of management
Support Chinese scholarship / research
Address the evil of examinations
Thank you ww.gdufs.biz
2nd International Symposium on Corporate Responsibility &
Sustainable Development 第二届国际企业责任和可持续发展研
讨会

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Workshop: business ethics in China

  • 1. Teaching business ethics in China Robert Shaw Graduate School of Business Guangdong University of Foreign Studies 2nd International Symposium on Corporate Responsibility & Sustainable Development 第二届国际企业责任和可持续发展研 讨会
  • 2. 2 Agenda 1. Business ethics in the West 2. Business ethics in China
  • 3. 3 1 Business ethics education in the West New topics New aims Research is becoming more profound
  • 4. 4 The purpose of Business Schools About half the Business Schools in the West emphasise ethics Who decides the curriculum? Produce employable graduates, honest workers Business ethics is the battle ground Example: Entrepreneurship
  • 5. 5 Misunderstandings about business ethics Ethics is about what people ought to do Contrast with science Contrast with the law If you want to know how to get people to obey the law, ask the police, criminologists, psychologists, sociologists Business ethics courses will not make people more honest, nor should they try to do this
  • 6. 6 Is this book about business ethics?
  • 7. 7
  • 8. 8 Is moral development theory about ethics? How children become mature moral adults Stage theories of moral development Cognitive development
  • 11. 11 How does the law relate to business ethics? Is business ethics not just a matter of obeying the law? Most of the cases of dishonesty in the news are not of much interest to those with a serious interest in ethics If you want to know how to get people to obey the law, ask the police, criminologists, psychologists, sociologists Ethics appears in two places in relation to the law Policy and the formulation of laws The use of discretion
  • 12. 12 Discretionary justice Kenneth Culp Davis Professor in Administrative Law University of Chicago Discretion is a tool, indispensable for the individualization of justice … Rules alone, untempered by discretion, cannot cope with the complexities of modern government and modern justice The mechanical application of a rule means injustice … what is needed is individualised justice
  • 13. 13 Discretionary justice There is always a gap between a rule and its application – discretion This theory is not just about the law Applying rules = implementing policy A course for chief executives Research on rules involves The philosophy of language Universals / particulars Free will / determinism
  • 14. 14 Traditional topics in business ethics The subject business ethics appeared in the 1960s Topics: Employee dishonesty Codes of conduct Fair working conditions - health and safety Respect for other cultures The horrors when corporations are caught lying Monitoring email Taking and giving bribes Child labour in foreign countries Whistle blowing Workplace rights - drug testing, surveillance The joys of corporate social responsibility
  • 15. 15 Topics in business ethics New problematics: Social justice –distribution of wealth Economic theory – neoliberalism Capitalism & socialism Democracy & other systems Corporations & morality The effect of technology on society Ethics of cyberspace Eco-phenomenology Human rights Indigenous rights – land rights, cultural harvest Animal rights Open access to data/science/government information
  • 16. 16 The new business ethics Ethics in as it appears in Public policy Economics Social theory Political theory Methods of critical analysis Draws upon the discipline of philosophy
  • 17. 17 The aims of business ethics The goal – courses To discuss what people ought to do Moral dilemmas Scholarship The goal – students Develop decision-making skills To make better decisions [& act differently] Scholarship
  • 19. 19 Business ethics courses – a tradition of 2,500 years Parmenides & Kant – rationality Aristotle – flourishing & codes of ethics Kant –moral autonomy & deontology Bentham & Mill –utilitarianism
  • 20. 20 The aims of business ethics courses Moral autonomy The moral person / leader / manager is EITHER Heteronomous – follows rules OR Autonomous – independent in thought and action Kant: If you are morally autonomous, you Make your own decisions Do so rationally Have strength-of-will, act as you decide
  • 21. 21 Influences on business ethics courses University teachers teach what they research
  • 22. 22 The scholar practitioner What is the basis of policy? The British Treasury in the early 1900s SP applies to government business
  • 23. 23 2 Business ethics education in China
  • 24. 24 2 Business ethics education in China
  • 25. 25 2 Business ethics education in China
  • 26. 26 2 Business ethics education in China
  • 27. 27 2 Business ethics education in China
  • 28. 28 2 Business ethics education in China
  • 29. 29 2 Business ethics education in China
  • 30. 30 2 Business ethics education in China
  • 31. 31
  • 32. 32 Ethics advances in China 2006 Rothlin B (2004) Becoming a Top-Notch Player: 18 rules of international business ethics (In Chinese) Rules and critical thinking
  • 33. 33 What I see in China 80% of businesses small or medium Nationalism Values Pride Confidence Unity Localisation = Role of leadership National self-determination Identity Openness to ideas The Chinese way
  • 34. 34 Approaches to business C0mpetitition Capitalism Stakeholders Community Truth/Virtue
  • 36. 36 My personal suggestions for China Throw away the Western textbooks Bring Chinese and Western philosophers into critique Build on existing ethics courses Understand about case studies Relate business ethics to Chinese theories of management Support Chinese scholarship / research Address the evil of examinations
  • 37. Thank you ww.gdufs.biz 2nd International Symposium on Corporate Responsibility & Sustainable Development 第二届国际企业责任和可持续发展研 讨会