2. Through to power of dramatic video and audio, broadcast journalism offers an emotional appeal, realism and immediacy that printed stories can't match.

3. Watching, listening to news stories also requires less intellectual effort than reading a complex news story in the paper or online.

5. Both print and broadcast journalism have their strengths and weaknesses, and do stories a differently.

6. Examples:

8. PBS Newshour

9. WBRE

11. But those are exceptions. Because most broadcast news stories are brief. Extremely brief.

12. Instead of in inches, broadcast journalists measure stories in minutes and seconds. They boil issues down to their basics – and write as tightly as they can.

14. The most common topic was crime, by a 2-to-1 margin.

15. Most stories that involved controversies gave only or mostly one point of view.

16. 14 minute of news – crime, fire, accidents, disasters

17. 6.4 minutes of sports,weather

18. 1.6 minutes of teasers/chat

19. 8 minutes of advertising

22. Broadcast news is written for the eyes and ears, print news is written for the eyes.

23. A story with compelling audio or video becomes more newsworthy than one without—no matter how well-written that story is.

24. Example: Grave Injustice – video .... print

26. Keep it short, simple, and easy to follow.

27. Important facts first.

28. Use the present tense as often as possible.

29. Contractions are acceptable, even for hard news stories.

30. Attributions comes at the beginning of the sentence.

31. Add phonetic pronunciation wherever necessary.

32. Use punctuation to help—not hinder—the delivery.

33. Avoid abbreviations and symbols.

34. Numbers: Round them off and spell them out.

36. Package: A self-contained report that includes the recorded narration of the reporter and the recorded excerpts of interviews with the people featured in the news story.

37. Reader: News copy that the anchor reads on camera without illustrative video

38. SOT: Stands for sound on tape. Refers to the recorded image and voice of an interviewee on tape. Also known as a soundbite.

40. Super: The writing that appears on the TV screen below the head and shoulders shot of the person talking. Also called a c.g. Or chyron.

41. Talking Head: Another name for a soundbite or SOT.

42. Voiceover: The voice of the anchor as he or she reads news copy over video. Also called a VO.

43. VO/SOT: Short for voiceover/sound on tape