1. Total Employee
Involvement

2. Total Employee Involvement (TEI)
Total employee involvement is a system for direct
participation of employees to organizational success, by
letting them take responsibilities. It enables everyone
deeply involved, using own brain power, in problem
solving, learning, continuous improvement activities, &
systematic search for opportunities.

3. TQM principles & strategies pertaining to
employee involvement are:
• Motivation
• Team work
• Training & mentoring
• Recognition & Rewards
• Performance appraisal & feed back
• Empowerment

4. Behavioral pattern of employees in an
organization
Self actualized
10 %
Fence sitters
80%
Difficult to improve
10 %

5. Motivation: Internal and external forces and
influences that drive an individual to achieve certain
goals.

6. Motivation theories of individual employees:
Theory ‘X’: (Sigmund Frend)
This theory assumes that the employees can not be trusted
and they have to be supervised all the time. Theory X
characterizes employees as follow:
o Avoid work
o No ambition
o No initiative
o Do not take responsibilities
o Needs security

7. Theory ‘Y’: (Douglas Mc Gregor)
According to this theory employees seek freedom to do
difficult and challenging jobs, all by themselves. Theory Y
characterizes employees as follow:
o Want to learn
o Work is a natural activity
o Have self discipline
o Develop themselves
o Have self confidence

8. Theory ‘Z’: (Abraham Maslow)
Abraham Maslow believes that good qualities are inherent in
people atleast at birth, although later on they are gradually
lost. He believes that five basic human needs that motivate the
employees are:
o Self actualization needs
o Esteem needs
o Love needs
o Safety needs
o Physiological needs

10. Team Work:
• “Together every one achieves more”
• Team work is not a natural human function
• Management role in enabling team work
• Use of Quality circles

11. Training & Development:
• Necessity for orientation training:
Training enables employees in understanding;
o Objectives of the organization
o His role
o His responsibilities
o His authority
o Familiarity in understanding nature of job
• Experienced recruits need more orientation
• Training is not a one time activity

12. Recognition & Reward:
• Recognition of achievement is important
• Select a few best performers
• Reward teams, rather than individual

13. Performance Appraisal:
• Used for the development of employees
• Each dept. head should prepare a action plan for each
individual for whole year.
• Performance of each employee should be reviewed on
quarterly basis & reports submitted to mgnt.
• Appraisals are used for several purposes as
o Promotion
o Granting of additional increments
o Transfers
o Training

14. Empowerment:
The process of displacing decision making downwards
to the workforce, or lower levels of management, to
enable them to use their skills more effectively and
flexibly. The emphasis is often on better engagement
with customers.