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Nad apr-14 final
1.
Q“~°= ã¨Oáê^Œ‰õΩÅ∞ „á⁄IIJ_»Ñ¨ ã¨`«º<å~åÜ«∞} ã¨Oáê^Œ‰õΩ_ç
L`«Î~°O J=Ù#∞ =∞i!? ѨO_»∞QÆO>Ë ã¨O`À+¨"Õ∞ ѨO_»∞QÆO>Ë ÃãÅ=Ù Hõ^•! ÃãÅ=O>Ë <å‰õΩ Ñ¨O_»∞ˆQ áê`« ѨÙã¨ÎHõO ÃÑ^•Å#∞ Hõà◊¡`À =Ú^•Ì_»=K«∞Û „ѨÓѶπs_çOQ∑ KÕã¨∂Î W~°∞ÔH·# JHõ∆~åÅ =O`≥# g∞^Œ JÅã≤áÈ~Ú ‰õΩ#∞‰õΩfÜ«∞=K«∞Û J=Ù#∞ ѨO_»∞QÆO>Ë ÃãÅ"Õ ÃãÅ=Ù~ÀA pHõ˜ K«∂~°∞ H˜O^Œ x„kã¨∞Î#fl xâ◊≈ÉÏÌxfl "Õ∞ÖÁ¯eÑ≤ „ÃÑãπHõ¡ÉòÖ’ =∂Ï¡_çOK«=K«∞Û Ñ¨O_»∞QÆO>Ë ÖË`« =∂qzQÆ∞~°∞ =QÆ~°∞ "ÕѨѨÓ`« H˘`«Î ‰õΩO_» ÉˇÅ¡O =ÚˆH¯HÍ^Œ∞, ~åeѨ_ç# ѨÙ=ÙfiÅ QÆ∞iOz# ™ê=¸Ç≤ÏHõ ^Œ∞óYO/x~°ã¨# ~°K«#Å∞, K«O^•Å∞, q~åàÏÅ∞ ѨOѨ=eû# z~°∞<å=∂ ¿ãflǨÏÅ`« ZO., HÍfi~°ì~ü <≥O. R-9, L™ê‡xÜ«∂ HÍfi~°ì~üû, L™ê‡xÜ«∂ Ü«¸x=i≈˜, ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£-500 007 #_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl`≥ÅOQÍ}Pi÷Hõ, ~å[H©Ü«∞, ™êÇ≤Ï`«º =∂㨠Ѩ„uHõ #∂~°∞ ѨÓÅ∞ qHõã≤OK«h, "Õ~Ú PÖ’K«#Å∞ ã¨OѶ¨∞i¬OK«h J#fl@∞¡ „Ѩ*Ï#∞‰õÄÅ"≥∞ÿ# aè#fl PÖ’K«#ʼnõΩ =∂ Ѩ„uHõÖ’ KÀ@∞O@∞Ok. Hõ#∞Hõ D Ѩ„uHõÖ’ =Ú„kOz# Jaè„áêÜ«∂Å∞ ~°K«~Ú`«Å"Õ. ã¨Oáê^ŒHõ =~åæxH˜ UH©ÉèÏ=O LO_»#=ã¨~°O ÖË^Œ∞. W."≥∞~ÚÖò:–nadusthunnatelangana@gmail.com U„Ñ≤Öò 2014 ã¨OѨ٘: 4 ã¨OzHõ: 4 ã¨ÅǨ =∞O_»e JÅ¡O <å~åÜ«∞} Z_ç@~ü–#=∞¿ãÎ `≥ÅOQÍ} z‰õΩ¯_»∞ „ѨÉèÏHõ~ü J_»fiˆHò–<åºÜ«∞ ã¨ÅǨ^•~°∞ ã¨Oáê^ŒHõ =~°æO _®IIZ.ã≤Öχ<åÜ«∞H± „HÍOu "Õ∞<Õ[~ü ZO. ÉÏÅ∞<åÜ«∞H± á¶È<£ <≥O.: 8121996425, 9290745490 ã¨Oáê^Œ‰õΩ_»∞ _®IIã≤.HÍjO Jã≤ÃãìOò „á⁄ÃѶã¨~ü [~°fleã¨∞ì ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞ ã¨Oáê^Œ‰õΩ~åÅ∞ ¿ãflǨÏÅ`« ZO. #_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} JH“Oò <≥O|~ü: 62254225854 ZãπaÃÇÏKü, ~åOHÀiî„ÉÏOKü(20350), ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ U„Ñ≤Öò 1, 2014 3#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ}
2.
`≥ÅOQÍ}`˘=fi 1. ã¨Oáê^ŒH©Ü«∞O `≥ÅOQÍ} q^Œº-ѨÓÖË-JOÉË^Œ¯~ü
5 2. `≥ÅOQÍ#O âßOuÜ«Ú`« „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ ™ê=∞º"å^Œ `≥ÅOQÍ} - =~°=~°~å=Ù 6-9 3. =~°Î=∂#O Pk"åã¨∞ŠǨωõΩ¯Å∞ HÍ~Àʈ~@¡‰õΩ |e -Z.#iûOǨÔ~_ç¤ 10-14 4. `≥ÅOQÍ}©Hõ'~°}O— =O^Œ `«Ñ¨ÙÊʼnõΩ tâ◊√áêÅ∞x =^èŒ... =∞i "ÕÅ `«Ñ¨ÙÊʼnõΩ... -_®IIU~°∞H˘O_»#~°ã≤OǨï_»∞15-17 5. „áêѨOzHõO "≥∞ÿ<åsì Ǩϟ^•! F `å~ÚÅO... -_®IIlÅK«ÛÜ«∞º 18-20 6. ѨÙ~ÀQÆ=∞#O J^Œ#Ѩ٠g∞@ ã≤^•úO`«O - J~°}º 21-23 7. J^ŒÌOÖ’ JHõ∆~åÅ∞ #=x~å‡}OÖ’ =#~°∞Å x~°∂‡Å# Éèí∂^Õq #=Å -_®II<åàıâ◊fi~°Oâ◊OHõ~°O 24-26 8. ã≤OQƈ~}˜ ã¨OQÆ`«∞Å∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} ^èŒ∂O-^è•O -_»Ñ¨Cã¨=∞‡Ü«∞º 27-28 9. „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O/K«~°Û `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ „áê^äŒq∞Hõ q^Œº -Ö’ÔH~å*òѨ=<£ 29-32 10. #_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl HÍÅO áêsìÅ _»Ñ¨ÙÊÅ "≥∂`« -Z.ÔH.^˘~° 33 W^Õ<å? =∞#O HÀ~°∞‰õΩ#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} -~°=∞}ÏKåi 34-36 |OQÍ~°∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} ™ê^茺"Õ∞ -_ç.#iûOǨÔ~_ç¤ 37-38 `≥ÅOQÍ} 㨈~ - P `«~åfi`«? -|O^≥Je 39 11. ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºO ÃÑ^ŒÌHõK«∞Û~°O -~å=Ú 40-43 12. ™êǨÏã¨QÍ^äŒ =∞O„u tÖÏÊ"≥∂ǨÏ<£Ô~_ç¤ÃÑ· ^•_ç -#iûOǨϙêfiq∞ 44-46 13. Ü«∂k Li`å_»∞#∞ =Ú^•Ì_ç# ''+¨Ç‘Ï^£ ÉèíQÆ`üã≤OQ∑—— -"≥∞OK«∞ã¨OnÑπ 47-49 14. Hõ~°Ñ¨„`« ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºO ѨÓ<å XѨÊO^ŒO-QÍOnè ‰õΩ„@ 50 4#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ}
3.
`≥ÅOQÍ} q^Œº-ѨÓÖË-JOÉË^Œ¯~ü HÍ=∞<£ã¨∂¯Öò q^è•#O
J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∂Åx H˘xfl Láê^蕺ܫ∞ ã¨OѶ¨∂Å∞ =∂Ï¡_»∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. HÍ=∞<£ã¨∂¯Öò JO>Ë ã¨=∂#q^Œº Jx J~°÷O. ''„Ѩu=ºH˜ÎH˜ `«# Jaè~°∞z, J=ã¨~åʼnõΩ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ q^Œº#Éèíºã≤OKÕ U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∞_®xfl ã¨=∂#q^Œº JOÏ~°∞. D q^è•<åxfl 1950Ö’ WOQÍ¡O_£Ö’ 'Ï"≥e#û<£, ã≤¯˜— J<Õ W^ŒÌ~°∞ q^•º"Õ`«ÎÅ∞ „ѨKå~°O KÕ™ê~°∞. HÍ=∞<£ã¨∂¯Öò q^è•#O ã¨=∂[OÖ’x Jxfl~°HÍÅ ~°∞QƇ`«Å#∞ ~°∂ѨÙ=∂ѨÙ`«∞O^Œx J<åfl~°∞. D <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’<Õ J"≥∞iHÍ, ÔH#_®, [~°‡x, „á¶ê<£û, ‰õĺÉÏ, K≥·<å ÖÏO˜ ^ÕâßÅ∞ HÍ=∞<£ã¨∂¯Öò q^•ºq^è•<åxfl J=∞Å∞ KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. „Ѩf „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ã¨~åã¨i q^•º~°OQÆO g∞^Œ 95% x^èŒ∞Å∞ Y~°∞ÛKÕã¨∞ÎOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å¢+¨ìO U~°Ê_ç# ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOÖ’ HÍ=∞<£ã¨∂¯Öò J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞@O q∞#Ǩ =∞~À „Ѩ`åº=∂flÜ«∞O ÖË^Œ∞. J~°"≥·Uà◊¡ #∞Oz q^èŒfiO™êxH˜ QÆ∞Ô~·# `≥ÅOQÍ} q^•º~°OQÆO `«# HÍà◊¡ g∞^Œ `å#∞ xÅ|_®ÅO>Ë ã≤ZãπZãπ(HÍ=∞<£ ã¨∂¯Öò ã≤ã¨ìO)XHõ¯>Ë =∂~°æO. q^•º~°OQÆ Ñ¨Ù#~üx~å‡}O nx ^•fi~å<Õ ™ê^茺=∞=Ù`«∞Ok. `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ Ѷ¨Óº_»Öò „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO(x*ÏO) ‰õÄ_® q^•º~°OQÆOÃÑ· "åà◊¡ „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ HÀã¨"≥∞ÿ<å QÆ}hÜ«∞"≥∞ÿ# ^Œ$+≤ì ÃјìOk, Y~°∞ÛKÕã≤Ok. 1928Ö’ 97 áê~î°âßÅÖ’ 14 "ÕÅ q^•º~°∞÷Å∞ LO_»QÍ74 ÅHõ∆Å =ºÜ«∞O KÕ™ê~°∞. S^Œ∞ HõàÏâßÅÅÃÑ·(XHõ˜ =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Åk) S^Œ∞ ÅHõ∆Å∞ Y~°∞ÛKÕ™ê~°∞. HõàÏâßÅÖ’ 1000 =∞Ok q^•º~°∞÷Å∞, JO>Ë „Ѩf q^•ºi÷ g∞^Œ 459 ~°∂áêÜ«∞Å∞ Y~°∞Û KÕ™ê~°∞. (q^•º~°∞÷ÅO^Œ~°∂ Éèí∂™êfi=ÚÅ Ñ≤Å¡Å<Õk =∞iÛáȉõÄ_»^Œ∞). Z#Éèˇ· Uà◊¡ H˜O^Œ>Ë XHõ q^•ºi÷ g∞^Œ 459 ~°∂áêÜ«∞Å#∞ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO Y~°∞ÛKÕ¿ãÎ 2014Ö’ Jk Zxfl Ô~@∞¡ ÃÑiy LO_®e? „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º „ѨÉèí∞`åfiÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® K«∂ѨÖËx „â◊^Œú#∞ x~°O‰õΩâ◊ áêʼnõΩÅ∞ K«∂~ÚOKå~°x J~°÷=∞=Ù`«∞#flk. ˆ~Ѩ˜ `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ ˆHr #∞Oz Ñ‘r =~°‰õΩ Lz`« q^Œº#∞ JOk™êÎ=∞x ˜P~üZãπ <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiO h˜ g∞^Œ ~å`«Å∞ ~åã¨∞Î#flk. x*OQÍ Wq ¿ÑѨ~ü g∞k ~å`«Öˇ·`Õ<Õ `≥ÅOQÍ} q^•º~°OQÆO ѨÙ#~ü x~å‡}O "≥·Ñ¨Ù Ѩ~°∞QÆ∞ fã≤#@∞¡ J=Ù`«∞Ok. K«O„^ŒÉÏ|∞ „Ѩ"Õâ◊Ãјì# „ѨѨOK«ÉϺO‰õΩ q^è•<åÅ∞ ˆ~Ѩ˜ `≥ÅOQÍ} q^•º~°OQÆOÖ’ H˘#™êy#>ˇÂ¡`Õ `≥ÅOQÍ} =∞~À™êi ÉèÏ=^•i„^ŒºOÖ’H˜ "≥à◊¡Hõ `«Ñ¨Ê^Œ∞. PO„^èŒ áêʼnõΩÅ KÕ`«∞Ö’¡ #∞Oz ã¨~åã¨i „ѨѨOK«ÉϺO‰õΩ áêʼnõΩÅ KÕ`«∞Ö’¡H˜ =∂~°∞`«∞Ok. D ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOÖ’ q^•º~°OQÆOÃÑ· JOÉË^Œ¯~ü KÕã≤# PÖ’K«#Å∞ `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ `«Ñ¨ÊHõ ѨxH˘™êÎ~Ú. x*ÏxH˜ JOÉË^Œ¯~ü PÖ’K«#ʼnõΩ `«# ~å[H©Ü«∞ QÆ∞~°∞"≥·# =∞Ǩ`«‡*’ºu~å"£ ѨÓÖË PÖ’K«#ÖË =¸ÅO. 1882Ö’ ѨÓÖË Ç¨ÏO@~ü Hõg∞+¨<£‰õΩ x"ÕkHõ Wã¨∂Î ''L`«ÊuÎ ‰õΩÖÏÅ∞ ã¨OѨ^Œ#∞ ã¨$+≤ìã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. HÍx D ã¨OѨ^Œ`À „ÉÏǨχ}∞Å∞ K«^Œ∞=Ù‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°∞. â◊¥„^Œ∞Å∞ q^Œº‰õΩ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ LO@∞<åfl~°∞. D J<åºÜ«∂xfl ã¨iKÕÜ«∂Åx ѨÓÖË Ç¨ÏO@~ü Hõg∞+¨<£#∞ HÀ~å_»∞. JOÉË^Œ¯~ü ‰õÄ_® 1928Ö’ |Ç≤Ï+¨¯ $`« Ç≤Ï`«HÍ~°}V ã¨Éèí `«~°Ñ¨Ù# Ãã·=∞<£ Hõg∞+¨<£‰õΩ x"ÕkHõ Wã¨∂Î Lz`« x~°ƒO^èŒ q^Œº LO_®Åx J<åfl_»∞. J>Ë¡ =∞Ǩ`«‡Ñ¨ÓÖË q#fláêxfl =∞xflOz# ǨÏO@~ü Hõg∞+¨<£ â◊¥„^Œ∞ʼnõΩ q^Œº#OkOKåÅx ã¨∂zOzOk. Hõ#∞Hõ JOÉË^Œ¯~ü ǨÏO@~ü Hõg∞+¨<£ iáÈ~üìû#∞ J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∂Åx _ç=∂O_£ KÕ™ê_»∞. JO`ÕH͉õΩO_® P~üìû HõàÏâßÅÅÃÑ· ÃÑ_»∞`«∞#fl 36%, ÃÇ·Ïã¨∂¯ÖòûÃÑ· ÃÑ_»∞`«∞#fl 31%, =∂^茺q∞Hõ áê~î°âßÅÅÃÑ· ÃÑ_»∞`«∞#fl 26% Y~°∞Û q^•º~°∞÷Å #∞Oz =ã¨∂Å=Ù`«∞#fl Ѷ‘AÅ #∞Oz ÃÑ_»∞`«∞<åflO. JO>Ë D ~°HõOQÍ q^•º~°OQÍxfl "å}˜rºHõiOK«_»"Õ∞#x J<åfl_»∞. WO`«KÕ¿ãÎ =O^Œ=∞Ok „áê^äŒq∞Hõ q^ŒºÖ’ KÕi`Õ 18 =∞O^Õ 4= `«~°QÆuH˜ =ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. 82 =∞Ok „_®Ñ¨=Ùò J=Ù`«∞<åfl~°∞. Hõ#∞Hõ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO x["≥∞ÿ# J~°÷OÖ’ q^•º~°OQÆOÃÑ· ^Œ$+≤ì ÃÑÏìÅx K≥áêÊ_»∞. W"åeìH˜ D ã¨OYºÖ’ ÃÑ^ŒÌ =∂ˆ~Êq∞ ÖË^Œ∞. WOHÍ JOÉË^Œ¯~ü KåÖÏ =∞øeHõ q+¨Ü«∂ÅÃÑ· K«~°ÛKÕ™ê_»∞. q^Œº q^•ºi÷H˜ ã¨`åº<Õfi+¨}, =∂#=`«fiO J<Õ QÆ∞}ÏÅ#∞ <ÕiÊOKåÅx J<åfl_»∞. É’^èŒ#, Ѩiâ’^èŒ# „á⁄ÃѶã¨~°¡ ÅHõ∆ ºOQÍ LO_®Åx K≥áêÊ_»∞. „Ѩf Láê^蕺ܫÚ_»∞ x~°O`«~° q^•ºi÷ J<Õ =∂@#∞ x[O KÕÜ«∂ÅO>Ë „á⁄ÃѶã¨~ü‰õΩ J^茺ܫ∞#O, ã¨Ê+¨ì"≥∞ÿ# "å‰õΩ¯ LO_®Åx J<åfl_»∞. <Õ˜ HõàÏâßÅÅ∞, qâ◊fiq^•ºÅÜ«∂Å∞ QÆ∞=∞™êÎÅ#∞ `«Ü«∂~°∞KÕ¿ãqQÍ L<åfl~Ú. HÍx q*Ï˝<åxH˜ xÅÜ«∂Å∞QÍ LO_®Åx K≥áêÊ_»∞. U HÍÅOÖ’<≥·<å q^•º P ã¨=∂[ J=ã¨~åÅ∞ fˆ~ÛkQÍ LO_®e. JO>Ë P^èŒ∞xHõ „ѨѨOK« J=ã¨~åÅ∞ fˆ~ÛkQÍ <Õ˜ q^Œº LO_®Åx JOÉË^Œ¯~ü ÉèÏqOKå_»∞. „áê^äŒq∞Hõ q^Œº Jaè=$kú K≥Ok`Õ<Õ L#fl`« q^Œº xÅ|_»∞`«∞O^Œx Éèíq+¨º`ü ^Œ~°≈#O KÕ™ê_»∞. HÍx <Õ˜ =∞# áêʼnõΩÅ∞ „áê^äŒq∞Hõ q^Œº#∞ Q˘O`«∞ Ñ≤ã≤H˜ K«O¿Ñ™ê~°∞. L#fl`« q^Œº‰õΩ Li`å_»∞ ayã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. ''=∞Oz ~å[º=Ú#flKÀ@ =∞Oz q^Œº LO@∞Ok =∞Oz q^Œº L#flKÀ@ =∞Oz ~å[º=ÚO@∞Ok—— Jx ¿Ñ¡’ K≥Ñ≤Ê# ~å[ºO/q^Œº `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ LO_®ÅO>Ë K≥·`«#º=O`«∞Öˇ·# áÈ~å_Õ „Ѩ[Å∞ LO_»=eûO^Õ =∂iÛ 31, 2014 (U„Ñ≤Öò 5 ѨÓÖË, U„Ñ≤Öò 14 JOÉË^Œ¯~ü [Ü«∞O`«∞Å ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ) T ã¨Oáê^ŒH©Ü«∞O HÍjO 5 U„Ñ≤Öò,2014
4.
6#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} âßOuÜ«Ú`« „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ
™ê=∞º"å^Œ `≥ÅOQÍ}!? `≥ÅOQÍ#O =~°=~°~å=Ù `≥ÅOQÍ} q^•º=O`«∞Å "ÕkHõ =∞~À Ô~O_»∞ ã¨Oã¨÷Å ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O`À '21= â◊`å|ÌOÖ’ „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞ºO, ™ê=∞º"å^ŒO— J<Õ JOâ◊OÃÑ· ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ Hõ„uÜ«∂ Ǩϟ@Ö’¡ <åÅ∞QÆ∞ ~ÀAÅ JO`«~å˚fÜ«∞ ã¨^Œã¨∞û#∞, =∂~üÛ 7 #∞Oz 10 =~°‰õΩ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOzOk. P ã¨^Œã¨∞ûÖ’ áêÖÁæ#_®xH˜ Ѩk¿ÇÏ#∞ =O^ŒÅ ~°∂áêÜ«∞Å „áêux^茺 ~°∞ã¨∞=Ú qkèOzOk QÍh, Pã¨H˜Î QÆÅ q^•º~°∞÷Å HÀã¨O "≥~Úº ~°∂áêÜ«∞Å∞ `«yæOzOk. P =∂„`«O _»|∞ƒ ‰õÄ_® Ãјì "≥à◊¡ÖËx "åi HÀã¨O HÍ=K«∞Û PYi ~ÀA ã¨∞O^Œ~°Ü«∞º q*Ï˝# ˆHO„^ŒOÖ’ Lz`«OQÍ U~åÊ@∞ KÕã≤# |Ç≤Ï~°OQÆ ã¨ÉèíÖ’ P ã¨^Œã¨∞û f~å‡<åÅ∞ q=iOKå~°∞. P ã¨^Œã¨∞û „áê~°OÉèí"≥∞ÿ# 7= `Õn L^ŒÜ«∞O Xi™êû HÀ~åѨÙò lÖÏ¡Ö’ 'Z<£H“O@~ü—Ö’ J=∞~°∞Öˇ·# W^ŒÌ~°∞ =∂"À~Úã¨∞ì <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ =∞$`«^ÕǨÅ∞ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò‰õΩ KÕ~°∞‰õΩ<åfl~Ú. Jq J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O lÖÏ¡‰õΩ K≥Ok# =∂Å™êfiq∞, Y=∞‡O lÖÏ¡ WÖˇ¡O^Œ∞ =∞O_»ÅO q∞@ìÃÑe¡H˜ K≥Ok# UÃÑ™êfiq∞-`≥Å∞QÆ∞ ã¨=∂*ÏxH˜ `≥eã≤# =∞OQÆ#fl. XHõ~°∞ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ Hõ~°∞=Ù lÖÏ¡‰õΩ K≥Ok# =∂Å. =∞~˘Hõ~°∞ L`«Î~° `≥ÅOQÍ} QÀ^•=i Ö’Ü«∞‰õΩ K≥Ok# HÀÜ«∞. gi^ŒÌ~°∂ rq`«=∞O`å qѨ¡"À^Œº=∂xH˜ JOH˜`«"≥∞ÿ# ^Œo`«, Pk"åã¨∞Å∞. giÖ’ =∂Å™êfiq∞ QÆ∞iOz <Õ#∞ Ug∞ K≥ѨÊÖË#∞ QÍh "≥Ú^Œ˜™êiQÍ UÃÑ™êfiq∞QÍ q#fl =∞OQÆ#fl QÆ∞iOz "≥Ú^Œ@ 1974Ö’ q<åfl#∞. JѨÙ_®Ü«∞# K«O„_»Ñ¨ÙÖÏ¡Ô~_ç¤ <åÜ«∞ Hõ`«fiOÖ’x qѨ¡= áêsìÖ’H˜ =zÛ WÖˇ¡O^Œ∞, =∞}∞QÆ∂~°∞, H˘`«ÎQÆ∂_≥O J_»=ÙÅ #∞Oz QÀ^•=iH˜ Z^Œ∞sk =ÚÅ∞QÆ∞, U@∂~°∞ <åQÍ~°O, =∞O^äŒx, =∞ǨÏ^Õ"£Ñ¨Ó~üÅ ^•HÍ Pk"åã¨∞Å#∞ ‰õÄ_»QƘì, áÈ~å@ ÉÏ@ Ѩ˜ìOz J_»q #iH˜ S^Œ∞ "ÕÅ ZHõ~åÅ Éèí∂q∞Ö’ áÈ_»∞ =º=™êÜ«∂xH˜ ѨÙiH˘ÖÏÊ_»∞. 84Ö’ #∂º_≥"≥Ú„Hõã‘Ö’H˜, P `«~åfi`« ã≤Ñ≤SZOZÖò „ѨuѶ¨∞@# =∞^èŒ∞ã¨∂^Œ<£~å*ò <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiOÖ’H˜ =∂i J@∞ #∞Oz 98Ö’ ёѨÙÖòû"å~üÖ’H˜ =zÛ Hõ~°‰õΩQÆ∂_≥O áÈbã¨∞¿ãì+¨<£ÃÑ· ^•_ç`À XHõ ™êǨÏã¨g~°∞_»∞QÍ rq`«OÖ’ Öˇ*ˇO_£QÍ =∂~å_»∞. K«~°ÛÅ ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ J<å~ÀQƺO`À L#flѨÙ_»∞ `«# ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏxfl Hõe™ê_»∞ QÍh qѨ¡="Õ∞ `«# P~ÀQƺ=∞x, Xi™êû =∞Ö¯<£yi lÖÏ¡ <å~åÜ«∞} Ѩ@fl Pk"åã¨∞Ö’¡ qѨ¡= x~å‡}ÏxH˜ "≥o¡áÈÜ«∂_»∞. Jq"åÇ≤Ï`«∞_»∞. `«# 56= U@ 'Z<£H“O@~ü—Ö’ qQÆ`« rqÜ≥ÿ∞ `«# WO˜H˜ uiy=KåÛ_»∞. PÜ«∞<Õg∞ ™êkèOK«#Ï¡? PÜ«∞# qѨ¡=O Ug∞ ™êkèOK«ÖË#Ï¡? J=Ù#O@∞#flk D JO`«~å˚fÜ«∞ ã¨^Œã¨∞û. D ã¨^Œã¨∞û#∞ „áê~°OaèOz# ˆHO„^Œ =∞O„u(DÜ«∞# ˆHO„^ŒOÖ’ ÃÑ„’Öò ^èŒ~°Å∞ xÜ«∞O„uOK«É’`Õ JOÉÏh P„QÆǨxH˜ QÆ∞~°~Ú# <åÅ∞QÆ= =∞O„uQÍ Ãã·<£û JO_£ >ˇHÍflÅr âßY‰õΩ |kb JÜ«∂º_»∞) '`«∞áêH© Q˘@ìO ^•fi~å ~å*ϺkèHÍ~°O— J<Õ ã≤^•úO`åxH˜ HÍÅO K≥e¡Ok Jx `ÕeÛ K≥áêÊ_»∞. F@∞ ^•fi~å JkèHÍ~åxH˜ =zÛ `«∞áêH˜ Q˘@ìO ^•fi~å ~å[ºO KÕÜ«∞=Åã≤O^Õ `«Ñ¨Ê, `«∞áêH˜ Q˘@ìO PHÀìѨãπ Hõ#∞ã¨#flÖ’¡ ѨxKÕ¿ã ~å*Ϻxfl `«∞áêH˜ Q˘@ìO ^•fi~å Z^Œ∞~˘¯x ~å[ºkèHÍ~åxH˜ ~å=_»O HÍ^Œ∞ QÆ^•, q∞e>ˇOò „ѨuѶ¨∞@# ‰õÄ_® Ѷ¨e`«q∞=fi^Œx `ÕeÛK≥Ñ≤ÊOk. D ã¨^Œã¨∞û Wk K≥Ñ≤ÊOK«_®xH˜ ÖϘ<£ J"≥∞iHÍ "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞, <ÕáêÖò ^•HÍ âßOu ^Œ∂`«Öˇ·# "Õ∞^è•=ÙÅ#∞ ~°Ñ≤ÊOzOk. "≥xAÖωõΩ K≥Ok# Ǩˆ~flHõ~ü gà◊¡‰õΩ „¿Ñ~°}. P K«~°Û JÖÏ LOz D ã¨^Œã¨∞û‰õΩ `«Hõ∆} „¿Ñ~°}-`≥ÅOQÍ} ~å¢+¨ì „ѨHõ@#. P q[Ü«∞O ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} ѨÙ#ifl~å‡} Hõ$+≤. `≥ÅOQÍ} ѨÙ#ifl~å‡}O HÀ~°∞‰õΩO@∞#fl D ã¨^Œã¨∞û x~åfiǨωõΩÅ ÅHõ∆ º"≥∞ÿ# „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º, ™ê=∞º"å^•Å QÆ∞iOz =∞#‰õΩ ã¨O^ÕǨÅ∞ JHõ¯ˆ~¡^Œ∞. "åà◊¡ z`«Îâ◊√kúx ‰õÄ_® â◊OH˜OK«#=ã¨~°O ÖË^Œ∞. HÍx 21= â◊`å|ÌOÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∂ºxfl, ™ê=∞º"å^•xfl âßOu Ü«Ú`«OQÍ ™êkèã¨∞ÎO^Œx K≥ѨÊ_®xˆH "åm¡ ã¨^Œã¨∞û U~åÊ@∞ KÕã≤#@∞¡<åfl~°∞. D =∞^茺 H˘O^Œ~°∞ „Ѩ=ÚY `≥ÅOQÍ} q^•º=O`«∞Å∞ XHõ ã¨∂„fHõ~°} KåÖÏ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. D "Õ∞^è•=ÙÅO^Œ~°∂ #HõûŃs, NH͉õΩà◊, `≥ÅOQÍ} Ô~·`åOQÆ `˘e, =∞e áÈ~å „Ñ¨ÉèÏ"åÅ #∞Oz ~°∂á⁄Ok#"åàı¡. H˘O^Œ~°∞ „Ѩ`«ºHõ∆OQÍ áêÖÁæ#fl"åà◊√¡ ‰õÄ_». gà◊¡O`å Z#Éèˇ·ÅÖ’, `˘Oɡ· P~°∞ ^•HÍ ‰õÄ_® qѨ¡"À^Œº=∞OÖ’<À, qѨ¡= „Ѩ*Ïã¨OѶ¨∂Ö’¡<À, „Ѩ*Ï ™êfiq∞Hõ L^Œº=∂Ö’¡<À KåÖÏ „H˜Ü«∂jÅOQÍ áêÖÁæ#fl"åà◊√¡. gà◊¡O`å Hõ=ÙÅ∞, ~°K«~Ú`«Å∞, ™êO㨯 $uHõ HÍ~°ºHõ~°ÎÅ∞, Ѩ„uHÍ ~°K«~Ú`«Å∞ ‰õÄ_®. `≥ÅOQÍ} ã¨=∂[OÃÑ· gà◊¡ „ѨÉèÏ=O QÆ}hÜ«∞"≥∞ÿOk. Z#ɡ·ÅÖ’, `˘Oɡ·ÅÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ Ö∫H˜Hõ, „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ, qѨ¡= ÉèÏ=*ÏÖÏxfl Ѩ˜+¨ìO KÕÜ«∞_»OÖ’ gà◊¡ Hõ$+≤ K«i„`«Ö’ „Ѩ=ÚYOQÍ edOK«|_ç#k. gà◊¡O`å =∂i¯û[O- Öˇxx[O#∞ „áêѨOzHõ ^Œ$HõÊ^äŒOQÍ ã‘fiHõiOz qѨ¡= x~å‡}OÖ’ ѨxKÕã≤#"åà◊√¡ ÖË^• XHõi^ŒÌ~°∞ P x~å‡}ÏʼnõΩ ã¨xflÇ≤Ï`«OQÍ "≥∞ey#"å~°∞. 1996Ö’ „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞O „áê~°OÉèí=∞Ü«∂ºHõ gà◊¡ „áê^ä•=∞ºO „Ѩ`ÕºHõ `≥ÅOQÍ}
5.
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6.
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Z‰õΩ¯= ã‘@∞¡ ÔQez ‰õÄ_®) q„^ÀǨxH˜ QÆ∞~°~Ú F_çáÈ~ÚOk. Hõ#∞Hõ ‰õÄ_® Jk âßOuÜ«Ú`«O HÍ*ÏÅHõáÈ~ÚOk. WѨÙ_À =∞i! HÍ¿ãÑ¨Ù Éˇe¡Åe`« "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ P‰õΩÅ Éèí∂=∞Ü«∞º =~°‰õΩ KÕã≤# `åºQÍÅ ã¨OQÆu JÖÏ LOK«∞^•O. SÅ#fl, #ÖÏ¡=ã¨O`ü, ã¨∞^Œ~°≈<£Å∞ 'Z<£H“O@~ü—~Ú# ã¨OQÆu ‰õÄ_® JÖÏ LOK«∞^•O. HÍ¿ãѨ٠Hõ#HÍKåi, QÆO˜ „Ѩ™ê^ŒOŠǨÏ`«ºÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® JÖÏ LOK«∞^•O. J=hfl "åà◊¡ „áêѨOzHõ ^Œ$HõÊ^ä•Å‰õΩ, qâßfi™êʼnõΩ K≥e¡Oz# =¸Åº=∞#∞‰õΩO^•O. Ü«∂‰õÄÉòÔ~_ç¤ QÆ∞~°~Ú# 'J~°÷ã¨`«º— 'JO‰õΩ~°O—„©ò"≥∞Oò#∞ ZÏ¡ K«∂^•ÌO? áêsìÅHõf`«OQÍ ™êy# ã¨HõÅ [#∞Å ™êQÆ~°Ç¨~°OÃÑ· ÉÏ+¨Ê"åÜ«Ú=Ù ‰õΩiã≤Ok. PHÍâ◊=∂-Jâı+¨ „Ѩ*ÏhHÍxH˜ TÑ≤~å_»‰õΩO_® KÕã≤#, áÈbã¨∞Å ˜Ü«∞~üQͺ™ê? ~ålÔ~_ç¤x K«OÑ≤Ok Z=~°∞? <≥ÅÅ `«~°|_ç, UO_»¡ `«~°|_ç HͺOѨãπÅÖ’ J~°÷Ãã·xHõ |ÅQÍÅ "≥∂ǨÏiOѨÙ. =Úà◊¡ fÔQʼnõOK≥Å∞ Z_»`≥QÆx ˜Ü«∞~üQͺãπ Ã+Öòû „ѨÜ≥∂QÆO- Ñ≤_çH˜à◊¡ ~åà◊¡ ["å|∞. ÖÏsîKå~üÛ. Ѩ~°∞ÔQ`«∞Î`«∂ „ѨuѶ¨∞@#QÍ ã¨r= ^ŒÇ¨Ï<åÅ∞, ZÑ≤ ZH±û„ÃÑãπ‰õΩ Z^Œ∞~˘_ç¤ Ñ¨~°∞ÔQuÎ# q^•ºi÷ „áê}ǨÏ##O. ~å=∞#flQÆ∂_≥O, Kè«Ö’ JÃãOc¡ q∞eÜ«∞<£ =∂~üÛ- 2009 #=O|~ü 29-_çÃãO|~ü 10 „ѨѨOKåxfl TÑ≤# Ѩk~ÀAÅ q^•ºi÷-Ü«Ú=[#∞Å áÈ~åÏÅ∞-g˜ÃÑ· ^ŒàÏs „ѨÉèí∞`«fi ^Œ=∞#HÍO_». "ÕÖÏk J„Hõ=∞ˆHã¨∞Å∞. áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞ ^ŒQÆæ~° `≥ÅOQÍ} PHÍOHõ∆ =∞~°}"åOQÆ∂‡ÖO ~åã≤ P`«‡Ç¨Ï`«º KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl q^•ºi÷x ÉèíQÆ`üã≤OQ∑`À áÈÅ∞Û‰õΩ<åflO QÆ^•-=∞i PQÆã¨∞ì 15 =∂~°∞Ê ˆH=ÅO QÍOnèr`À<Õ ™ê^茺"≥∞ÿO^Œx K≥áêÊ=∂? JÇ≤ÏO™ê Ѷ¨Å=∞x K≥áêÊ=∂? *ÏfÜ≥∂^Œº=∞=∞OQÍ Ñ≤Å∞=|_»∞ `«∞#fl^ŒO`å âßOuÜ«Ú`«, JÇ≤ÏO™ê áÈ~å@"Õ∞<å? 1857 ÉèÏ~°`« ™êfi`«O„`«º ã¨O„QÍ=∞O =∂„`«O qѶ¨Å"≥∞ÿ# áÈ~å@=∂? <åqHõ u~°∞QÆ∞ÉÏ@∞, QÆ^Œ~ü g~°∞Å áÈ~åÏÅ∞, QÆ~°ºb Ãã·xHõ u~°∞QÆ∞ÉÏ@∞, ѨO*ÏÉòÖ’ áÈbã¨∞Å u~°∞QÆ∞ÉÏ@∞, KÒ~åKÒs, g∞~°ò, ÖÏǨϟ~ü ‰õΩ„@ˆHã¨∞Å∞ Jhfl qѶ¨Å=∞Ü«∂º~ÚQÍh QÍOnèr <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiOÖ’<Õ P =∂„`«O =∂~°∞Ê J~Ú<å ™êkèOKå=∂! J^˘Hõ "≥∞Ïì? J^˘Hõ ^Œâ◊<å-=∞#O QÆ`« P~°∞ ^ŒâßÉÏÌʼnõΩ ÃÑ·QÍ J#∞Éèíqã¨∞Î#fl „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞ºO J^Õ<å? Hõj‡~°∞, Dâß#º ~å„ëêìÅÖ’ Ãã·#ºO`À, `«∂~°∞Ê, =∞^茺 ÉèÏ~°`åÖ’¡ J~°÷ Ãã·#ºO`À- QÆ∞[~å`ü, =Ú[Ѷ¨~ü#QÆ~üÖÖ’ =Úã≤¡OÅ TK«HÀ`«`À, H˜Å"≥#‡}˜ "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ ÅH˜∆O¿Ñ@ =~°‰õΩ ^Œo`«∞ÅÃÑ· ǨÏ`åº HÍO_»Å`À J^ŒO`å ÃÑ^ŒÌ „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ „ѨÜ≥∂QÆ K«i„`«-HÍ¿ãѨ٠áÈx^•ÌO. =∞i P`«‡Ç¨Ï`«ºÅ ã¨OQÆ`À? `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å¢+¨ì ™ê^èŒ# „Ѩ[Å áÈ~å@ Ѷ¨e`«O, J=∞~°∞Å `åºQÆѶ¨e`«O JO@∞<åflO Hõ^•. J=∞~°∞Å#flѨÙ_»∞ D q^•º=O`«∞Å =∞#ã¨∞Ö’ L#fl"åà◊√¡ P`«‡Ç¨Ï`«ºÅ∞ KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl "åàı¡ Hõ^•. "åà◊¡ ã¨OYº ZO`« HÍ^Œ<åfl 800-1500 =∞^茺# K«∂ѨÙ`«∞<åflO Hõ^•. ZO`« `«‰õΩ¯=~Ú<å Wk 370 Hõ<åfl `«‰õΩ¯= HÍ^Œ∞. J~Ú`Õ =∞i Wk âßOuÜ«Ú`«O ZÏ¡ SOk? =∞#O Z=ih K«OѨÖË^Œ∞. K«OѨ_®xH˜ „Ѩܫ∞uflOK«ÖË^Œ∞. Kå=_®xˆH „Ѩܫ∞uflOz K«zÛáÈÜ«∂O QÆ#∞Hõ<å? â◊„`«∞=ÙÃÑ· HÍHõ ã‘fiÜ«∞Ç≤ÏO㨉õΩ Ñ¨Ó#∞‰õΩ<åflO QÆ#∞Hõ<å? <Õ~°tH∆Í㨇 $u Z^Œ∞˜ "åiÃÑ·#<Õ HÍ^Œ∞ `«#ÃÑ· Ç≤ÏOã¨#∞ ‰õÄ_® <Õ~°OQÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜ã¨∞ÎOk. JO>Ë Ç≤ÏOã¨QÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜ã¨∞ÎOk. 㨈~, K«@ìOÃÑ· Q“~°=O`À =∞#O =∂Ï¡_»∞HÀ#Hõ¯ˆ~¡^Œ∞ QÍh(ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë D <Õ~°tH∆Í ã¨‡ $uÜÕ∞ K«@ì|^Œú"≥∞ÿ# =∞~°}tHõ∆#∞ ã¨=∞iúOz J=∞Å∞ KÕã¨∞ÎOk-=º=ã‘÷Hõ$`« Ç≤ÏOã¨#∞ K«@ì|^ŒÌ"≥∞ÿ# Ç≤ÏO㨠~°∂ѨOÖ’ Z<£H“O@~°¡#Ω, áÈbã¨∞ HÍÅ∞ÊÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® ã¨=∞i÷ã¨∞ÎOk) ѨÓ}Ë XѨÊO^ŒO ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ QÍOnè JOÉË^Œ¯~üÃÑ· XuÎ_ç `Õ=_®xH˜ KÕѨ˜ì# 'ã¨`庄QÆǨxfl— =∞#O ã‘fiÜ«∞Ç≤ÏO™ê ѨÓ~°fiHõ"≥∞ÿO^Œx J#∞HÀÖË^•? JÏ¡ K«∂ã≤<å 68-69 „Ѩ`ÕºHõ `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞OÖ’ =∂„`«O =∞#O Z=ix K«Oáê=∞x. Z‰õΩ¯=Ö’ Z‰õΩ¯= JѨC_»∂ H˘O`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fi Pã≤Î, H˘O`« ¢ÃÑ·"Õ@∞ Pã≤Î ^èŒfiã¨O"≥∞ÿOk. #O[O_»™êfiq∞ =O˜"åà◊√¡-Pã≤Î q^èŒfiO™êxfl- q∞e>ˇOò JÇ≤ÏO™ê ~°∂Ѩ=∞<åfl_»∞. 'q∞eÜ«∞<£=∂~üÛ—Ö’ q„QÆÇ¨Ï q^èŒfiO™êxfl =∞#O-JOÉË^Œ¯~ü, H˘=Ú~°O cè=ÚÅ q„QÆǨÅ#∞ ZO`« P`«‡Q“~°= „Ѩf‰õΩÅ∞QÍ K«∂™ê"≥∂ JO`« P`«‡Q“~°= =ºH©ÎHõ~°}QÍ K«∂™êO. Hõ#∞Hõ âÏOuÜ«Ú`« áÈ~å@=∞O>Ë ~å*ϺxH˜ „ѨuѶ¨∞@# ÖËHõáÈ=_»"Õ∞<å? L<åfl Jk K«@ìO ѨikèÖ’ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞ x~åHõ~°}QÍ<À, âßã¨<ÀÅ¡OѶ¨∞#QÍ LO_»_»"Õ∞<å? D =∞e áÈ~å@O P`«‡Ç¨Ï`«ºÖ’¡ |eÜ≥ÿ∞#"åix 68-69 áÈ~å@OÖ’ áÈbã¨∞ HÍÅ∞ÊÖ’¡ J=∞~°∞Öˇ·# "åi ã¨~°ã¨# D q^•º=O`«∞Å∞ KÕiÛ K«∂¿ã"åàı¡ J#∞‰õΩOÏ#∞. JO`«QÍ P`«‡Ç¨Ï`«ºÅ#∞ J=∞~°`«fiOQÍ QÍ#OKÕã≤#"åàı¡ P`«‡Ç¨Ï`«ºÅ∞ =^ŒÌ<åfl~°∞ `«Ñ¨Ê-áÈ~å_ç ™êkèOK«∞‰õΩO^•=∞<åfl~°∞ `«Ñ¨Ê- P`«‡Ç¨Ï`«ºÅ#∞ `«‰õΩ¯= KÕÜ«∞ÖË^Œ∞. P=∞~°`«fi"Õ∞ J<åfl~°∞. J~Ú`Õ =∞i âßOuÜ«Ú`« q[Ü«∞"≥∞Ï¡ J=Ù`«∞Ok? WOHõ Ô~O_»= JOâ◊O: `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å¢+¨ì ™ê^èŒ#-Jk Éè∫QÀoHõ"Õ∞ J~Ú<å XHõ "≥∞@∞ì XHõ ^Œâ◊ Hõ#∞Hõ `˘e q[Ü«∞O. =∞m¡ gà◊¡ ÉèÏ+¨Ö’<Õ 1948 áÈbãπ Ü«∂Hõ∆<£ ¿Ñi@ Ãã·xHõ K«~°º `«~åfi`« U~°Ê_ç# ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞ ~å¢+¨ìO ‰õÄ_®-XHõ "≥∞@∞ì-XHõ ^Œâ◊ÜÕ∞ HÍ^Œ∞, "Õ∞O H˘`«ÎQÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å¢+¨ìO J_»QÆ_»O ÖË^Œ∞. 1948-56 =∞^茺#-=ÚYºOQÍ 1952-56 =∞^茺# L#fl `≥ÅOQÍ}(ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞ ~å¢+¨ìO)<Õ J_»∞QÆ∞`«∞#flO Jx‰õÄ_® J<åflO QÆ^•. 1952-56 =∞^茺# ã¨fiѨiáêÅ# L#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} ÖË^• ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞ ~å¢+¨ìO Jx J#∞‰õΩ#fl "åà◊¡"Õ∞ Hõ^•.
7.
9 U„Ñ≤Öò,2014 ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ =∞i
D™êi =∂„`«"Õ∞ `˘e q[Ü«∞"≥∞ÿOk? ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ ~å[^è•x Ô~O_»∞ ~å„ëêìÅ ~å[^è•xQÍ ÖË^Œ∞. QÆ=~°fl~ü‰õΩ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ JkèHÍ~åÅ∞ ÖË=Ù. <å=∞=∂„`«Ñ¨Ù ~å[„Ѩ=ÚMò L<åfl_»∞. 1948 "≥Ö’¡_ô áêÅ#Ö’ =∞„^•ã¨∞ „áêq#∞û #∞Oz =zÛ# JkèHÍ~°∞Å∞, L^ÀºQÆ∞ʼnõΩ x~°ã¨#QÍ<Õ 1952Ö’ <å<£=Úb¯ L^Œº=∞O =zÛOk. WѨÙ_»∞ Ѩ^Õà◊¡áê@∞ K«^Œ∞=ÙÖ’¡, H˘Å∞=ÙÖ’¡ <å<£=Úb¯Å∞ K«@ì|^ŒúOQÍ H˘# ™êQÆ∞`å~°∞. JѨʘH˜OHÍ =∞#‰õΩ QÀ^•=i #kÃÑ· ~å=∞áê^Œ ™êQÆ~ü „áê*ˇ‰õΩì(„ѨѨOK«OÖ’<Õ Ô~O_»= ÃÑ^ŒÌ „áê*ˇ‰õΩì) HõÅq∞yeOk. WѨÙ_»∞ JO`«Hõ#fl ÃÑ^ŒÌ WOk~å™êQÆ~ü(áÈÅ=~°O „áê*ˇ‰õΩì) J^Õ QÀ^•=iÃÑ· Pk"åã¨∞Å#∞ =ÚOK«∞`«∂ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å QÀ^•=i [ÖÏÅ Pâ◊ÅÃÑ· K«hflà◊√¡ K«Å∞¡`«∂ ~å#∞#flk. ÃÑ·QÍ nxH˜ =∞#O „Ѩã¨∞Î`åxÔH·`Õ `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ |^Œ∞Å∞QÍ ˆHO„^•xH˜ P"≥∂^ŒO `≥eáêO. WѨÙ_Õ"≥∞ÿ<å J#=K«∞Û QÍh _èçb¡Ö’ D áÈÅ=~°O-`≥ÅOQÍ} á꺈Hr ~°K«# ™êQÆ∞`«∞#flѨÙ_»∞, ^•xÃÑ· LÉèíÜ«∞ã¨ÉèíÖ’¡ K«~°ÛQÍh K«~°Û [~°∞QÆ∞`«#flѨÙ_»∞ =∞#=∞O`å =∞ø#O =Ç≤ÏOKåO. Pk"åã¨∞Å∞, "åiH˜ JO_»QÍ L#fl H˘xfl „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ â◊‰õΩÎÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ =∂Ï¡_®~Ú. WѨÙ_Õ=∞O@∞<åflO-Pk"åã¨∞ʼnõΩ J<åºÜ«∞O [iy`Õ ZÏ¡ JO@∞<åflO. PO„^è• „áêO`«O "åà◊¡#∞ XÑ≤Ê^•ÌO JO@∞<åflO. HÍx =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ áÈ~å_»∞^•O J#_»O ÖË^Œ∞. PѨQÆÅ=∞#fl Éèí~À™ê ÖË^Œ∞. WO`«‰õÄ D `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å, J=∞~°∞Å áÈ~å@, `åºQÆѶ¨e`«O JO@∂<Õ WO^Œ∞Ö’ `≥ÅOQÍ}H˘~°ˆH U~°Ê_ç# `≥~åã¨, ã¨=∞~°jÅ`« `≥zÛ# #∂º_≥"≥∂„Hõã‘ P"≥∂^ŒO `≥zÛ# ã≤Ñ≤S, ˆHO„^ŒOÖ’, áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞Ö’ ™ê^茺O KÕã≤# a*ˇÑ≤, Z=ˆ~=∞<åfl 'WzÛ#— ™ÈxÜ«∂ HÍO„ÔQãπ <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiO-áê„`«Å<Õ QÆ∞iÎã¨∞Î<åflO- ZxflHõÅ áêsìÅ |Ü«∞@ q^•º~°∞÷Å, L^ÀºQÆ∞Å, HÍi‡‰õΩÅ, qq^èŒ ‰õΩÖÏÅ, ÃãHõ∆#¡, =~åæÅ, "≥∞ÿ<åi©Å, =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Å-ã¨|ƒO_»~åâ◊√Å, ã¨HõÅ [#∞Å Éèí∂q∞Hõ-XHõ x~å‡}OQÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} [#ã¨Éèí "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞, `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ*τѶ¨Oò (x*ÏxH˜ D ã¨Oã¨÷ÅÖ’<Õ ~å*ºÇ≤ÏO㨉õΩ |eÜ≥ÿ∞# J=∞~°∞Å∞<åfl~°∞) x~°fiÇ≤ÏOz# „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ áÈ~å@ áê„`«‰õΩ QÆ∞iÎOѨÙÖË^Œ∞. ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ? "åà◊¡ „áêѨOzHõ ^Œ$HõÊ^äŒO W|ƒOkHõ~°O J~Ú#O^Œ∞‰õΩ. WOHõ áÈ~å@ Ѷ¨e`åÅ#xflO˜h ZxflHõÅ ~å[H©Ü«∂Ö’¡H˜, 'ZxflHõÅ „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞ºO—Ö’H˜ =∞Å∞K«∞H˘<ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ. ѨOK«∞‰õΩ<ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ? `≥ÅOQÍ} q^•º=O`«∞Å "ÕkHõ Ô~O_»∞ ã¨Oã¨÷Å ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O`À =∞#=ÚO^Œ∞ LOz# âßOuÜ«Ú`« „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º-™ê=∞º"å^Œ ÅHõ∆ ºq∞^Õ<å? `«™ê‡`ü *Ï„QÆ`«Î! T SPACE q∞QÆÅÛ_»OHÀã¨O ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~° Ãã·x‰õΩ_® J=Ù#∞ Hõe¿ã Ü«Ú^ŒúO KÕã¨∞Î<åflO HÍh Ѩ@flO ѨHõ¯ L~Àxfl <Õ<Õ |`«∞H˘KåÛ#O@∞O>Ë #∞=Ùfi =∂„`«O ÉÏQÆ∞ ÃÑ@ì_®xH˜ =zÛ#O@∞<åfl"£ QÍ h QÆÅ`ü P@ňH QÆ^• w QÆÖÏ@ F ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•~°∞_® Jaè=$kú P^•Ü«∞"≥∞ÿ g∞ J„QÆǨ~åÅ∞ *Ëi`Õ HÍÅ∞+¨ºO =∂ XO˜x ~ÀQÍÅ~Úº g∞Ï~Ú Hõ^•? J~Ú<å! Jaè=$kú, HÍÅO XHõi ~åHõ=Å¡ [iyáÈ=_»O, PyáÈ=_»O LOÏÜ«∂? Jk QÆu`åi¯~°O Hõ^•! F ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞_® QÆ_çÜ«∂~°OÖ’ xq∞ëêÅ =Úà◊√¡ #∞"≥Âfi#O`« =∂„`å# u~°∞QÆ∞`«∞O^Œx h =Å¡<Õ `≥eã≤O^ŒO>Ë QÆO@Å =Úà◊√¡#∞ <å =∂>ËO˜/ <å QÆ`ÕO˜ F „Ñ≤Ü«Ú~åÖÏ h |Å=O`«O`À<Õ á⁄QÆ=∂<Õã≤ LO_»=K«∞Û JO`«=∂„`å# HÍÖËÜ«∞OÃÑ· ǨÏHõ¯_»∞QÆ∞`å"å? F z„`«HÍ~°∞_® ѨÙã¨ÎHõO =ÚYz„`«O #∞"Õfi wã¨∞O_»=K«∞Û HÍh ֒Ѩe <å Hõq`«Å/ ~å`«Å ™ê~°O „ѨuaO|"Õ∞ J<åfl=Ù Hõ^• F HõàÏHÍ~°∞_® <å áêÅ=¸~°∞ =Åã¨Å∞, ^Œ∞ÉÏÜü∞ "≥`«Å∞ á¶È¡i<£ QÍ^äŒÅ∞ „ѨѨOK«O ^Œ$+≤ìH˜ #∞"Õfi `≥K«∞ÛO_»=K«∞Û HÍh... Jk <å rq`«"Õ∞ Hõ^•! PO„^èŒ-`≥ÅOQÍ}Ï |Ǩï[# ™È^Œ~°∞ÖÏ~å ѨÖÏ<Àxfl ѨÅû^Œ#O K≥Ü«∂ºÅx HÍHõ P Ѩ#∞Å∞... J_»∞QÆ∞Å∞ JOÉË^Œ¯~ü PÖ’K«#Ö’x J_»∞QÆ∞ÖË<å? ÉèÏQÆ"Õ∞<å? HÍh¬~åO Ѩxq^è•#OÖ’x Ѩ>Ëì<å? Jx K«∂_»O_ç Jk ABCDÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ}... WOHÍ U"≥∞ÿ<å HÍ=K«∞Û "Õ∞=Ú =∂„`«O =∞=Ú‡efl x~°O`«~° HÍ~Àº#∞‡Y∞efl KÕ¿ã g∞ áê@Å∞, „Ѩã¨OQÍÅ∞ á¶êÖ’ J=Ù`«∂<Õ =Ù<åflO ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë... JOÉË^Œ¯~ü HõÅÅ∞QÆ#fl ~å*ϺkèHÍ~°O ™êkèOKÕ kâ◊Ö’ ѨxKÕÜ«∂eû# SPACE q∞QÆÅÛ_»O HÀã¨O (`≥ÅOQÍ}x, ABCD Å#∞ =ºuˆ~H˜OKÕ JOÉË^Œ¯iã¨∞ìʼnõΩ JÉèíº~°÷#`À...) Hõq`« QÍ^≥ "≥OHõ>Ë+π
8.
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