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Prajaswamy Telangana Charitraka patralu
1.
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KÕ`«∞Å∞, Ѩye# `«ÅÅ∞, ÉÁ@∞¡ÉÁ@∞¡QÍ HÍ~°∞`«∞#fl <≥`«∞Î~°∞. K≥~°™êÅÅ∞, |OnMÏ<åÅ∞. Wk `≥ÅOQÍ} =~°Î=∂# ^Œ$â◊ºO. „Ѩ[Å `åºQÍÅ`À J~°"≥· Uà◊¡ `≥ÅOQÍ} HõŠѶ¨eã¨∞Î#fl "Õà◊ H˘xfl q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞ ‰õΩÅ¡O ‰õΩÅ¡OQÍ =∂Ï¡_»∞HÀ"åe. `≥ÅOQÍ}. W^˘Hõ áÈ~å@ ã¨OˆH`«O. K≥·`«<åºxH˜ ^•YÖÏ. J>Ë¡ x~°ƒO^è•Å∞ J#∞ÉèíqOz# <ÕÅ. J#∞Éèíqã¨∞Î#fl Éèí∂q∞. WHõ¯_» ~å*ϺOQÆO J=∞Å∞ HÍÖË^Œ∞. K«ÏìÅ∞ L#fl"å_çˆH K«∞ÏìÅ=Ù`å~Ú. „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞ºO J<Õ =∂@ <Õu c~°Ö’ <Õ~Ú K«O^Œ"Õ∞. „áê^äŒq∞Hõ ǨωõΩ¯Å∞ áêʼnõΩŠѨ^Œ Ѷ¨∞@ì#Å H˜O^Œ #eyáÈ`«∞<åfl~Ú. „ѨѨOK« ÉϺO‰õΩ q^è•<åÅ∞ „Ѩ[Å rq`åÅ#∞ z<åflaè#flO KÕ™ê~Ú. Éèí∂ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ |∂@HõO, ^ÀÑ≤_ç ^˘OQÆÅ <å@HõOQÍ =∂iOk. ^Œo`«∞Å rq`åÅÖ’ U 'H˜~°}ÏÅ∞— "≥Å∞QÆ∞ x=fiÖË^Œ∞. Pk"åã¨∞Å áê^•ÅH˜O^Œ xH˜ΔѨÎ"≥∞ÿ# ã¨OѨ^Œ |Ǩïà◊*Ïu HõOÃÑhÅ∞ ^ÀK«∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~Ú. áÈÅ=~°O „áê*ˇ‰õΩì, >ˇÿQÆ~ü*’<£, FÃÑ<£HÍãπì =Å# Pk"åã¨∞Å∞ x~å„â◊Ü«ÚÅ=Ù`«∞<åfl~°∞. =Úã‘¡O "≥∞ÿ<åsìÅ rq`«O ÉËHõi ˆHѶπÅÖ’ PHõeQÍ =∂iOk. =Úã‘¡O Ü«Ú=`«ÃÑ· J„Hõ=∞ ˆHã¨∞Å∞ |<å~ÚOz ã¨O=`«û~åÅ H˘kÌ *ˇ·à◊¡Ö’ ÃÑ_»∞`«∞<åfl~°∞. PHÍâ◊OÖ’ ã¨QÆ"≥∞ÿ# =∞Ç≤Ïà◊ áÈ~å@OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® ã¨QÆ"≥∞ÿ#ѨʘH˜, WOHÍ „ã‘ÎÅÃÑ· J`åºKå~åÅ∞, ^•_»∞Å∞ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ ã¨O㨯 $u Ü«Ú=`«Ö’ =∞`≥ÎH˜¯ã¨∂Î `«Ñ¨C ^•i Ѩ˜ìã¨∞Î#flk. cã‘Å∞ [<åÉèÏÖ’ ã¨QÆ=Ú#flѨʘH© áêÅHõ=~åæÅ∞ J=HÍâßÅ∞ ^ŒHõ¯‰õΩO_® KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. WOHÍ Ti á⁄e"≥∞~° ^•@x ã≤÷u HõxÊã¨∞ÎOk. L`«ÊuÎ ‰õΩÖÏÅxfl q^èŒfiOã¨=∞=Ù`«∞<åfl~Ú. D q^èŒfiOã¨Hõ~° Jaè=$kú #=¸<å ˆ~Ѩ˜ `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ J=∞Å∞H͉õΩO_® áÈ~å_»=eû# ÉÏ^茺`« `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[ÅÃÑ· LOk. D qëê^ŒHõ~° ^Œ$â◊ºO `«~°`«=∞ ÉèË^•Å`À ^Õâ◊=∞O`å "åºÑ≤Oz LOk. J~Ú`Õ `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ H˘ÁìzÛ#@∞¡ HõxÊã¨∞ÎOk. g˜H˜ `À_»∞ `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ áÈ~å_Õ „Ѩ[Å#∞ HÍeÛK«OѨ@O, <åÜ«∞Hõ`åfixfl ǨÏ`«º KÕÜ«∞@O. *ˇ·à◊§Ö’ |OkèOK«@O LOk. Hõ#∞Hõ Hõh㨠„Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ qÅ∞=Å∞O_Õ `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„ëêìxfl W"åfieì „Ñ¨* HÀ~°∞HÀ=@O `«Ñ¨Êxã¨i. J~°"≥· ã¨O=`«û~åÅ áÈ~å@ K«i„`« L#fl `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º `≥ÅOQÍ} Kåi„`«Hõ Ѩ„`åÅ∞ PRAJASWAMYATELANGANA CHARITRAKAPATRALU #_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} 1–1–305, "≥∂ǨÏ<£#QÆ~ü, H˘`«Î¿Ñò, ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£–35. á¶È<£ <≥O.9290745490, 8008918475 "≥Ú^Œ˜ =Ú„^Œ} : _çÃãO|~ü, 2013 Ô~O_»= =Ú„^Œ} : EÖˇ·, 2014 „Ѩ`«∞Å∞ : 1000 "≥Å : ~°∂II 70/– „Ѩ`«∞ʼnõΩ : Jxfl „Ѩ=ÚY ѨÙã¨ÎHõ ˆHO„^•ÅÖ’ ^˘~°∞‰õΩ#∞. =Ú„^Œ} : ~À+≤fl „QÍѶ≤H±û, 6 #O|~ü ZH±û ~À_£, ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£.
3.
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Kåi„`«HõѨ„`åÅ∞ k 5 „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º ^•i 1. ~å¢+¨ì qÉèí[<À^Œº=∞O – =∂i¯û[O ..... 7 2. ÉèÏ~°`« ^Õâ◊OÖ’ *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺 ..... 22 3. „Ѩ`ÕºHõ `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞O `≥ÅOQÍ} Jaè=$kú– qѨ¡"À^Œº=∞ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O ..... 44 4. =~°OQÆÖò _çHõ¡ˆ~+¨<£ ..... 77 5. „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ ÅHõΔºO`À `≥ÅOQÍ} [#ã¨Éèí ..... 90 7. „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º `≥ÅOQÍ}Ë ˜ZãπZѶπ ÅHõΔºO ..... 114 6. „Ѩ`ÕºHõ „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º `≥ÅOQÍ} HÀã¨O q∞e>ˇOò „Ѩ*Ï L^Œº=∂Å#∞ L^èŒ$`«O KÕÜ«∂e ..... 117 7. „Ѩ`ÕºHõ „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º `≥ÅOQÍ} qѨ¡"À^Œº=∞ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O ..... 127 8. `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ*Ï „Ѷ¨Oò J=QÍǨÏ# Ѩ„`«O ..... 133 „Ѩ[Å „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ PHÍOHõΔÅ∞ <≥~°"Õ~åe. ~å*ϺOQÆO Qͺ~°O© Ѩ_ç# "åH±, ã¨ÉèÏ, ™êfi`«O„`«ºO J=∞ÅÜÕ∞º@@∞¡ áêʼnõΩÅ g∞^Œ _ç=∂O_£ ÃÑÏìe. ™ê~åOâ◊OÖ’ „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º `≥ÅOQÍ} HÀã¨O áÈ~å_®e. D J=QÍǨÏ# 1996 #∞Oz qѨ¡"À^Œº=∞O, H˘xfl „Ѩ*Ïã¨OѶ¨∂Å∞ Hõeæ L<åfl~Ú. Jq ~°∂á⁄OkOK«∞‰õΩ#fl Ѩ„`åÅ#∞ qq^èŒ ã¨O^Œ~åƒùÅÖ’ '#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ}— =∂ã¨Ñ¨„uHõ „ѨK«∞iOzOk. áê~î°‰õΩÅ HÀã¨O g@xflO˜x HõeÑ≤ WѨÙ_»∞ '„Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º `≥ÅOQÍ}— Kåi„`«Hõ Ѩ„`åÅ ¿Ñ~°∞`À ѨÙã¨ÎHõOQÍ „ѨK«∞iOKåO. g˜x áê~î°‰õΩÅ∞ P^Œi™êÎ~°x „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º `≥ÅOQÍ}#∞ ~°∂á⁄OkOK«∞Hõ<Õ J=QÍǨÏ#‰õΩ Wq LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_»∞`åÜ«∞x Ptã¨∞Î<åflO. #_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ}, _çÃãO|~ü 12, 2013
4.
6 k „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º`≥ÅOQÍ}
Kåi„`«HõѨ„`åÅ∞ k 7 ~å¢+¨ìqÉèí[<À^Œº=∞O–=∂i¯û[O b QÆ`« J~Ú^•~°∞ =∂™êÅ∞QÍ PO„^èŒ „áêO`«=∞O`«Ï ~å¢+¨ì qÉèí[#HÀã¨O Wk=~°ÔH#fl_»∂ÖËx ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ L^Œº=∞O H˘#™êQÆ∞`ÀOk. P L^Œº=∂xfl J}z"ÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO "ÕÅ ã¨OYºÖ’ ã≤.P~ü.Ñ≤.h, Ãã·<åºhfl `«~°eOzOk. PO„^èŒ Ñ¨@ì}ÏÅhfl ^•^•Ñ¨Ù Ãã·xHõ ta~°OQÍ =∂~åÜ«∞O>Ë Juâ◊Ü≥∂H˜Î HÍ^Õ"≥∂. ÖÏsîKås˚Å∞, ~ÀAÅH˘Åk Hõ~°∂ÊùºÅ∞ „ѨHõ˜OK«_»O. HõkÖËÎ "≥∞kÖËÎ `«∞áêH˜ HÍÅ∞ÊÅ∞ ã¨~°fi™ê^è•~°}"≥∞ÿ<å~Ú. 1969Ö’ [iy# „Ѩ`ÕºHõ `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∂xH˜ K≥<åflÔ~_ç¤ =~°æO „^ÀǨÏO KÕã≤#>Ëì, WѨÙÊ_»∞ PO„^èŒÖ’ ‰õÄ_® HÍO„ÔQã¨∞ <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiO. PK«~°}Ö’ áÈ~åÏxH˜ "≥#∞fláÈ@∞ á⁄_»=_»O =¸ÅOQÍ `å`å¯eHõOQÍ P L^Œº=∞O h~°ã≤Oz#@∞¡ HõxÑ≤ã¨∞Î<åfl, "≥Ú`«ÎO PO„^èŒ „Ѩ*ÏhHõ =∞O`«˜Ö’#∂ HÍO„ÔQã¨∞ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO Ѩ@¡ f„==∞~Ú# ^Õfiëêyfl „Ѩ[fiiÅ∞¡`ÀOk. „Ѩ[Å∞ ã≤.P~ü.Ñ≤.h, Ãã·<åºhfl Z^Œ∞~˘¯x áÈ~å_®~°∞. âßOuÜ«Ú`« Ѩ^Œú`«∞ʼnõΩ L^Œº=∂xfl ‰õΩkOKåÅx HÍO„ÔQã¨∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ KÕã≤# „Ѩܫ∞`åflxfl Z=~°∂ MÏ`«~°∞ KÕÜ«∞ÖË^Œ∞. ÉÏiˆH_»∞Ê Hõ@ì_»O, ™È_®ÉϘÅ∞û, ÉÏǨÉÏÇ≤Ï áÈ~å_»_»O, <å@∞ÉÏO|∞Å∞ „ѨÜ≥∂yOK«_»O "≥Ú^ŒÅ~Ú# áÈ~å@~°∂áêÅ∞ PO„^èŒ Ñ¨@ì}ÏÅÖ’ "≥Ú@ì"≥Ú^Œ˜™êiQÍ J=∞Å∞Ö’H˜ =KåÛ~Ú. JO`ÕHÍ^Œ∞ P ~°∂áêÅ∞ D<å_»∞ ã¨~°fi™ê^èŒ~°}"≥∞ÿ<å~Ú ‰õÄ_®. D áÈ~åÏxH˜ x~°∞^ÀºQÆO`À ÉÏ^èŒÑ¨_»∞`«∞#fl q^•º~°∞÷Å∞, Ü«Ú=‰õΩÅ∞, JkèHõ ^èŒ~°Å`À, KåbKåÅx r`åÅ`À Kå=ÖËHõ |`«∞‰õΩ`«∞#fl =∞^茺`«~°QÆu"å~°∂ „áê}O. PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò "≥Ú`«ÎO „Ѩ*ÏhHõO JO`å D áÈ~åÏxH˜ =∞^ŒÌ`«∞QÍ LOk. D áÈ~åÏxH© =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ QÆ[˚Hõ˜ì xÅ|_çOk. ˆHO„^Œ„ѨÉèí∞`«fi=¸, Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ìáêsì
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6.
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7.
12 k „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º`≥ÅOQÍ}
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8.
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9.
16 k „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º`≥ÅOQÍ}
Kåi„`«HõѨ„`åÅ∞ k 17 „Hõ=∞OÖ’ Jxfl˜HõO>ˇ PÅ㨺OQÍ#∂, „Ѩ`ÕºHõ "å`å=~°}OÖ’#∂ x*ÏO ã¨O™ê÷#O ~°^ŒÌ~Ú, P „áêO`«O ‰õÄ_® Ü«¸xÜ«∞<£ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiOÖ’ KÕiOk. P `«~åfi`« 1956 #=O|~°∞Ö’ QÍx PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~å¢+¨ìO J=`«iOK«ÖË^Œ∞. J^≥·<å `≥ÅOQÍ} ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•~°∞¡, Éèí∂™êfi=ÚÅ #∞O_ç =zÛ# f„="≥∞ÿ# „ѨuѶ¨∞@##∞ ÃÑ^ŒÌ =∞#∞+¨μºÅ XѨÊO^ŒO ^•fi~å K«ÖÏ¡iÛ# `«~åfi`«<Õ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò J=`«~°} [iyOk. J~Ú<å ~å*ϺkèHÍ~åxfl `«=∞ ã¨fi„ѨÜ≥∂[<åʼnõΩ LѨÜ≥∂yOK«∞H˘<Õ ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOÖ’ PO„^èŒ, `≥ÅOQÍ} Éèí∂™êfi=ÚÅ, ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•~°∞Å =∞^茺 JO`«~°æ`« "≥·~°∞^蕺Å∞ K≥ň~QÆ∞`«∂<Õ =KåÛ~Ú. HÍO„Ѩ_®~ü, |_® Éèí∂™êfi=ÚÅ KÕ`«∞Ö’¡ L#fl „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ qѨ¡=Hõ~°Î"åºÅ#∞ JO>Ë Ñ¶¨Óº_»e*Ïxfl ã¨=¸ÅOQÍ x~°∂‡eOK«_»O, =º=™ê~ÚHõOQÍ L#fl ^Õâßxfl áêi„âßq∞Hõ ^Õâ◊OQÍ ~°∂á⁄OkOK«_»O P^èŒ∞xHõ Ü«∞O„`åÅ#∞ LѨÜ≥∂yOz =º=™êÜ«∂xfl Jaè=$kú KÕÜ«∞_»O "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ Hõ~°Î"åºÅ#∞ ѨÓiÎKÕÜ«∞ÖË^Œ∞. KÕÜ«∞*ÏÅ^Œ∞‰õÄ_». J@∞ ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ∞Å`À#∂, W@∞ Éèí∂™êfi=∞º =~åæÅ`À#∂ Jk q∞ÖÏY`ü J~ÚáÈ=_»"Õ∞ JO^Œ∞‰õΩ HÍ~°}O. Ѩ~°º=™ê#OQÍ ™ê^è•~°} „Ѩ[Å rq`«O <å<å˜H˜ Hõ+¨ìÉèí∂~Ú+¨ìOQÍ `«Ü«∂Ô~·Ok. „ѨÉèí∞`«fiOÃÑ· f„="≥∞ÿ# Jã¨O`«$Ñ≤Î "åºÑ≤OzOk. <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiѨ٠q„^ÀǨÏO =¸ÅOQÍ Jã¨O`«$Ñ≤Î ˆ~ÔHuÎ# „Ѩ[efl qѨ¡=áÈ~åOÖ’ ã¨OѶ¨∞˜`« Ѩ~°K«_»O [~°QÆÖË^Œ∞. D Ѩiã≤÷`«∞ÅxflO˜ =¸ÅOQÍ 1956Ö’ `≥ÅOQÍ}, PO„^èŒ „áêO`åÅ∞ XˆH ~å¢+¨ìOQÍ ã¨Ob#"≥∞ÿ#ѨʘH˜ Ô~O_»∞ „áêO`åÅ „Ѩ[Å =∞^茺 ã¨∞^Œ$_è»"≥∞ÿ# ã¨OѶ‘∞ÉèÏ=O U~°Ê_»ÖË^Œ∞. JO`ÕHÍ^Œ∞ â◊`åÉÏÌÅ `«~°|_ç "Õ~°∞ "Õ~°∞ ѨiáêÅ# H˜O^Œ rqOK«_®xH˜ JÅ"å@∞ Ѩ_çLO_»_»O =¸ÅOQÍ PO„^èŒ∞Å∞ "Õ~°∞, `≥ÅOQÍ} "å~°∞ "Õ~°∞ J<Õ =∞#ã¨Î`«fiO W~°∞ „áêO`åÖ’¡#∂ =∂ã≤áÈÖË^Œ∞. D „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ qѨ¡= Hõ~°Î"åºÅ#∞ ѨÓiÎKÕÜ«∞QÆey L#fl@¡~Ú`Õ JO>Ë Ñ¶¨Óº_»e[O x~°∂‡eOK«|_ç, „Ѩ[Å Pi÷Hõ rq`«O ™êѶ‘QÍ Jaè=$kú K≥O^Œ_»O [iy LO>Ë P „Hõ=∞OÖ’ Ô~O_»∞ „áêO`åÅ =∞^茺 "Õˆ~fi~°∞ =∞#ã¨Î`åfiÅ∞ #tOz ã¨=∞„QÆ"≥∞ÿ# *ÏuQÍ ~°∂á⁄O^Õ^Õ. HÍx JÖÏO˜k [~°QÆ#O^Œ∞=Å¡ LÉèíÜ«∞„áêO`åÅÖ’x Éèí∂™êfi=∞º ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•s =~åæÅ∞ `«=∞ ã¨fi„ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅHõ=ã¨~°"≥∞ÿ#ѨÙÊ_»ÖÏ¡ „Ѩ[ÅÖ’ L#fl "Õ~åÊ@∞ =∞#ã¨Î`åfihfl, [#~°ÖòQÍ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiOÃÑ· f„=`«~°OQÍ#∞#fl Jã¨O`«$Ñ≤Îx qxÜ≥∂yOK«∞H˘x „áêOfÜ«∞ qÉèË^•efl Ô~K«ÛQ˘@ì_»O `ÕeÔH·Ok. ''|Å"≥∞ÿ# ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO LO_®e—— J<Õ ™ê‰õΩ`À qq^èŒ *Ï`«∞Å∞ ã¨fiÜ«∞O ã¨OѨÓ~°‚*Ï`«∞Å∞QÍ Jaè=$kú K≥O^Œ_®xH˜ PK«~°}Ö’ J_»∞¤Ñ¨_»∞`«∞#fl ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiOÖ’x áêÅHõ=~åæÅ∞ `«=∞ ã¨fi„ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ ^Œ$ëêìº XHõѨÙÊ_»∞ XHõ „áêO`«O "åiH˜, =∞~˘HõѨÙÊ_»∞ WOH˘Hõ „áêO`«O "åiH˜ =∞^ŒÌ`«∞xã¨∂Î ~å=_»O ‰õÄ_» D „áêOfÜ«∞ qÉèË^•Å∞ =∞iO`« ÃÑ~°QÆ_®xH˜ `À_»Ê_çOk. ^•x Ѩ~°º=™ê#"Õ∞ 1969Ö’ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ `≥ÅOQÍ} H˘~°‰õΩ [iy# áÈ~å@"≥∞ÿ<å, D<å_»∞ LÉèíÜ«∞ ~°∂á⁄OkOK«∞H˘<ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ gÅ∞QÍ ã¨~°fiã¨`åÎHõ „ѨÉèí∞`åfiÅ∞QÍ PÜ«∂ *Ï`«∞Å∞ ~°∂á⁄O^Œ_»"Õ∞ JO^Œ∞‰õΩ `«∞k Ѩiëê¯~°O. Jq XˆH ÉèÏ~°`« ã¨=∂YºÖ’ Hõeã≤ LOÏÜ«∂ J<Õk „Ѩ`ÕºHõ q+¨Ü«∞O. P q+¨Ü«∂xfl `«=∞ `«=∞ „âıÜ«∞ã¨∞û ^Œ$ëêìº =ÅO@sQÍ JѨÙÊ_® „ѨÉèí∞`åfiÅ∞ x~°‚~ÚOK«∞H˘OÏ~Ú. JÖÏO˜ ã≤÷u U~°Ê_Õ@O`« =~°‰õΩ ˆHO„^ŒOÖ’ JkèHÍ~åxfl KÕlH˜¯OK«∞H˘x L#fl HÍO„Ѩ_®~ü |∂~°∞˚"årH˜, Jaè=$kú K≥O^Œ∞`«∞#fl qq^èŒ *Ï`«∞ʼnõΩ K≥Ok# |∂~°∞˚"å, Éèí∂™êfi=∞º =~åæʼnõΩ =∞^茺 "≥·~°∞^茺O U^À XHõ ~°∂ѨOÖ’ H˘#™êQÆ∞`«∂<Õ LO@∞Ok. Jk XHõѨÙÊ_»∞ x~°ƒO^èŒ Ç≤ÏOn =ºuˆ~HÀ^Œº=∞OQÍ ~°∂á⁄O^Œ=K«∞Û, "≥#∞Hõ|_»¤ „áêO`åefl ˆHO„^ŒO z#fl K«∂Ѩ٠K«∂™ÈÎO^Œ<Õ ~°∂ѨOÖ’ |Ç≤Ï~°æ`«O HÍ=K«∞Û, ˆHO„^•xfl ˆH=ÅO ^Õâ◊~°HõΔ}, Hõ=¸ºxˆH+¨#∞¡ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# H˘xfl JOâßʼnõΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞ Ѩiq∞`«O KÕã≤ PÜ«∂ *Ï`«∞Å∞ Pi÷HõOQÍ#∂, ™êO㨯 $uHõOQÍ#∞ Jaè=$kú K≥O^Œ_®xH˜ gÅ∞QÍ ~å¢ëêìÅ JkèHÍ~åxfl qã¨Î $`«OQÍ ÃÑOKåÅ<Õ ~°∂ѨO fã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û. U ~°∂ѨO fã¨∞H˘<åfl ÃÑ·=hfl áêH˜ΔHõ Ѩiëê¯~åÖË. ã¨~°fiã¨`åÎHÍkèHÍ~°OQÆÅ ã¨fi`«O„`« *Ï`«∞Å „ѨÉèí∞`åfiÖË~°Ê_Õ=~°‰õΩ ˆHO„^ŒOÖ’ JkèHÍ~°OÖ’ L#fl HÍO„Ѩ_®~ü |∂~°∞˚"årH˜, PÜ«∂*Ï`«∞ÅÖ’#∞#fl ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•s. Éèí∂™êfi=∞º =~åæʼnõΩ =∞^茺 "≥·~°∞^茺O qaè#fl ~°∂áêÖ’¡ H˘#™êQÆ∞`«∂<Õ LO@∞Ok. JO^Œ∞ˆH Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ìáêsì (=∂–Öˇ) D ã¨=∞㨺‰õΩ Ñ¨iëê¯~°OQÍ q_çáÈÜÕ∞ ǨωõΩ¯`À ã¨Ç¨ *Ï`«∞ÅxflO˜H© ã¨fiÜ«∞O x~°‚Ü«∞ ã¨∂„`åxfl P"≥∂kOzOk. D<å˜ |_®|∂~°∞˚"å, Éèí∂™êfi=∞º=~åæÅ „ѨÉèí∞`åfixH˜ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ PÜ«∂ *Ï`«∞ʼnõΩ K≥Ok# Ñ‘_ç`« „Ѩ*ÏhHÍxfl ã¨"≥∞ÿHõºO KÕÜ«∞QÆeyOk P ã¨∂„`«O XHõ¯>Ë. HÍ|˜ì =∞#^Õâ◊OÖ’ `«∂~°∞Ê Ü«¸~°Ñ¨Ù ^ÕâßÖ’¡h |Ǩï*Ï`«∞Å „ѨÉèí∞`åfiÖ’¡ =∂kiQÍ *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺, JkèHÍ~°OÖ’ #∞#fl *ÏuH˜ K≥Ok# |∂~°∞˚"å =~åæxH˜, "≥#∞Hõ‰õΩ <≥@ì|_»¤ *Ï`«∞ÅÖ’x |∂~°∞˚"å =~åæxH© =∞^茺 "≥·~°∞^茺OQÍ QÍHõ, ˆHO„^ŒOÖ’ JkèHÍ~°O KÕlH˜¯OK«∞H˘x L#fl HÍO„Ѩ_®~ü, |_®Éèí∂™êfi=∞º =~åæÅ „ѨÉèí∂`åfixH©, PÜ«∂ *Ï`«∞ʼnõΩ K≥Ok# ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•~°∞ʼnõÄ, Éèí∂™êfi=ÚʼnõÄ =∞^茺 "≥·~°∞^茺OQÍ ~°∂á⁄O^Œ_»O XHõ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ`«. (ÃщõĺeÜ«∂i©) =∞~À „Ѩ`ÕºHõ`« ‰õÄ_» LOk. „a˜+¨μ ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ∞Å∞ =∞# ^Õâßxfl áêeOz# ~ÀAÅÖ’<Õ =O^ŒÅ ã¨OYºÖ’ ã¨fi`«O„`« ã¨O™ê÷<åÅ∞ L<åfl~Ú. `«=∞‰õΩ JO_»QÍ LOK«∞H˘<Õ ÅHõΔ ºO`À<Õ ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ∞Å∞ L^ÕÌâ◊ѨÓ~°fiHõOQÍ<Õ "å˜ =∞#∞QÆ_»#∞ HÍáê_»∞`«∂ =KåÛ~°∞. 1948Ö’ =∞#^Õâ◊OÖ’x HÍO„Ѩ_®~ü |∂~°∞˚"år`À q∞ÖÏY`ü J~Ú "åiH˜ ~å*ϺkèHÍ~°O ^ŒYÅ∞ KÕã≤#ѨÙÊ_»∞ ‰õÄ_® P ã¨O™ê÷<åÅ =∞#∞QÆ_»#∞ JÖÏ<Õ LOKÕ +¨~°`«∞`À<Õ KÕâß~°∞. P `«~åfi`« ã¨O™ê÷<åkèѨ`«∞Å`À ~årѨ_ç „Hõ=∞OQÍ "å˜#xfl˜x ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fiOÖ’ ã¨Ob#O KÕÜ«∞QÆeyOk HÍO„ÔQãπ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO. P
10.
18 k „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º`≥ÅOQÍ}
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11.
20 k „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º`≥ÅOQÍ}
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12.
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Kåi„`«HõѨ„`åÅ∞ k 23 KåÖÏ=∞Ok Öˇxxã¨∞ì ã¨∂„`åefl =Öˇ¡"Õã¨∞ÎOÏ~°∞ ''q_çáÈÜÕ∞ ǨωõΩ¯`À ã¨Ç¨ *Ï`«∞Å ã¨fiÜ«∞O x~°‚Ü«∂kèHÍ~°O LO_®——ÅO@∂, ã¨=∞㨺 `«=∞ ^•HÍ =¿ãÎ =∂„`«O Hõ@∞ì|_ç LO_»~°∞. DÖ’QÍ ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO, „Ѩ™ê~° ™ê^èŒ<åÅ∞ ^Õâ◊ ã¨"≥∞ÿHõº`«H©, ã¨=∞„QÆ`«‰õΩ =ÚѨÙÊ "å˜e¡O^ŒO@∂, „ѨKå~°O KÕÜ«∞_»OÖ’ =Úxy áÈÜ«∂~Ú. ^Õâ◊ ã¨"≥∞ÿHõº`«‰õΩ ÉèíOQÆO HõÅ∞QÆ∞`ÀO^Œ<Õ ÉèíÜ«∞O K«∂Ñ≤ ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO x~°ƒO^è•xfl J=∞Å∞ Ѩ~°KåÅx K«∂™ÈÎOk. ^Õâ◊ Éèí‰õΩÎÅ JO`«~å`«‡ÅH˜ JÑ‘ÊÅ∞ KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. áÈ~å@ „áêO`åʼnõΩ "≥Å∞ѨŠL#fl"å~°∞ D „ѨKå~åxH˜ Ö’|_»∞`«∞<åfl~°∞. JO^Œ∞Hõx =∞#^Õâ◊OÖ’ *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺#∞ =∞#O q=~°OQÍ Ñ¨ijeOKåe. D áÈ~å@OÖ’ U =~åæÅ∞<åfl~Ú? ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fi =~°æ ã¨fiÉèÏ=O Uq∞˜, ã¨=∞„QÆ`«#∞ xÅɡ@ì_»OÖ’ ^•x „ѨÜ≥∂[#O Uq∞˜? g˜Ö’¡ ™ê„=∂[º"å^ŒO áê„`Õq∞˜ J<Õk =∞#O ÉÏQÍ PÖ’zOKåe. ÉèÏ~°`« ^Õâ◊OÖ’x *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺 =¸ÅOÖ’H˜ =∞#O "≥àϧe. *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺 U^ÕâßxHÍ^Õâ◊O Ѩi+¨¯iOK«∞HÀ"åÅx Wk =~°‰õΩ J#∞‰õΩ<Õ "åà◊¡O. *Ï`«∞Å ã¨fiÜ«∞O x~°‚Ü«∂kèHÍ~°O JO>Ë ã¨fiÜ«∞O „ѨuѨuÎ Jh, ™êO㨯 $uHõ „ѨuѨuÎ Jh J#∞‰õΩO@∂ ~å[H©Ü«∞ „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞ºO *’eH˜ áÈÜÕ∞º"åà◊§O HÍ^Œ∞. HÍh, ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ Ü«ÚQÆOÖ’ *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺 JO`«~å˚fÜ«∞ ã¨=∞㨺QÍ =∂iOk. ^•x ~°∂ѨO, ™ê~°O, qã¨Î $ux Ö’`«∞h ã¨O`«iOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~Ú. XHõ *Ïu ÃÑ`«Î<åxH˜ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ =∞~˘Hõ *Ïu ¿ãfiK«ÛùQÍ, ~å[H©Ü«∞OQÍ q_çáÈ~Ú#ѨÙÊ_»∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ ^•xH˜ ã¨fiÜ«∞O x~°‚Ü«∂kèHÍ~°O =Ù#fl@∞¡ ÖˇHõ¯. XHõ ~å[ºOÜ≥ÚHõ¯ x~°O‰õΩâ◊ ~å*ϺOQÆ Ü«∞O„`åOQÍxH˜ Ö’|_ç =∞~˘Hõ *Ïu q=ÚH˜Î ™êkèOK«ÖË^Œ∞. JÖÏ ™êkèOz#ѨÙÊ_»∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ „ѨѨOK« qѨ¡=OÖ’ ÉèÏQÆ=∞ø`«∞Ok. =Åã¨, J~°÷=Å㨠^ÕâßÅÖ’x *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺 PÜ«∂ ^ÕâßÅÖ’x #∂`«# „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ qѨ¡=OÖ’ ÉèÏQÆ"Õ∞. x~°∞Ì+¨ìOQÍ =∂Ï¡_®ÅO>Ë ~Ú"åà◊ WO_çÜ«∂Ö’ U =~åæÅ∞ qq^èŒ *Ï`«∞Å „Ѩ[efl J}z "Õã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú? Jq ™ê„=∂[º"å^ŒO, Éèí∂™êfi=∞ºO, ^ŒàÏi ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•i =~°æO, XHõ *ÏuÖ’ qq^èŒ =~åæÅ∞OÏ~Ú. WO_çÜ«∂Ö’ Uk H©ÅHõ =~°æO? *Ïu „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ∞ JO@∞#flѨÙÊ_»∞ Jq Z=i „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ∞? *Ïu q=ÚH˜Î JO@∞#flѨÙÊ_»∞ Jk U *Ïu q=ÚH˜Î? *Ïu ã¨=∂#`«fiO, ѨÙ~ÀQÆu, JO>Ë Z=iH˜ K≥O^Œ∞`å~Ú? D „Ѩâ◊flʼnõΩ *Ï"å|∞Å =~°æ ^Œ$HõÊ^äŒO g∞^Œ P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç =ÙOÏ~Ú. *Ïu ã¨=∞㨺 g∞^Œ „âßq∞Hõ =~°æ ^Œ$HõÊ^äŒO "Õ~°∞, |∂~°∞˚"å Ñ‘_»Hõ =~åæÅ ^Œ$HõÊ^äŒO "Õ~°∞. „âßq∞Hõ =~°æO, Ô~·`åOQÆO ^ŒàÏs ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç ^•~°∞efl =∞#O ÖˇH˜¯OK« #Hõ¯ˆ~¡^Œ∞. ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊OÖ’*Ï`«∞Åã¨=∞㨺 b W"åà◊ „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺 JyflÖÏQÍ =∞O_»∞`ÀOk. KåÖÏ ã¨OH˜¡+¨ìOQÍ ‰õÄ_® `«Ü«∂~°~ÚOk. J@∞ |_® ^Õâßhfl, W@∞ |_»∞QÆ∞ ^Õâßhfl ‰õÄ_® `åH˜Ok. ÖÏãπ UO*ˇÖòû (J"≥∞iHÍ) J^èÀ[QÆ`«∞Î #∞Oz K≥K≥<åº (~°ëêº) H˘O_» tY~åÅ ^•HÍ#∂, L`«Î~° S~å¡O_»∞ "≥∞ÿ^•<åÅ #∞Oz =∞Ü«∞<å‡~ü J~°}ºO ^•HÍ#∂, P„Ѷ≤HÍÖ’x ~°∞"åO_® #∞Oz S~ÀáêÖ’x É’ã≤flÜ«∂ ^•HÍ#∂, „jÅOHõ #∞Oz áê`« ~°ëêºÖ’x >ˇÿ=∞~ü iѨa¡H± ^•HÍ#∂ qq^èŒ *Ï`«∞Å∞ `«=∞~°HõÎO zOkã¨∂Î<Õ L<åfl~Ú. `«^•fi~å nx `«HõΔ} „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ Ѩiëê¯~°O HÍ"åÅx xÅnã≤ J_»∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. WO_çÜ«∂ ã¨OQÆu K«∂^•ÌO. WOK«∞q∞OK«∞ 50 Uà◊§ #∞Oz WHõ¯_ç „Ñ¨Éèí∞`«fiO "ÕÖÏk =∞Okx ǨÏ`«=∂iÛOk. "åà◊√§ KÕã≤# Ѩ#ÖÏ¡ *Ïu q=ÚH˜Î L^Œº=∂Ö’¡ áêÖÁæ#_»O, Dâß#º „áêO`«OÖ’#∂, HÍj‡~ü, ѨO*Ï|∞Ö’¡#∂ L^Œº=∂Å∞ L^èŒ$`«OQÍ L<åfl~Ú. ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fiѨ٠áêâ◊qHõ`«#∞ D "åã¨Î=O "Õ~Ú <åÅ∞HõÅ`À Kå@∞`ÀOk. JO`ÕHÍ^Œ∞, *Ïu q=ÚH˜Î L^Œº=∞OÖ’ ÅHõΔÅ=∞Ok |e^•<åxH˜ ã≤^Œú=∞=Ù`«∞<åfl~°x ‰õÄ_® =∞#‰õΩ `Õ@`≥Å¡O J=Ù`«∞Ok. ÅHõΔÖÏk „Ѩ[Å#∞ P`å‡~°Ê}‰õΩ Ñ¨ÙiH˘ÖËÊ Pâ◊Ü«∞O ZO`« L#fl`«"≥∞ÿ#k, ^•xfl z#fl K«∂Ѩ٠K«∂¿ãÎ Jk ã¨Ç≤ÏOK«^Œ∞. #∂`«# „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ qѨ¡"åxfl q[Ü«∞=O`«O KÕ™êÎ=∞O@∞#fl =∞#O nxfl =∞iO`«QÍ Ñ¨˜ìOK«∞HÀ"åe. JѨÙÊ_Õ J}z"Õ`«, ^ÀÑ≤_ô JO`«=∞=Ù`å~Ú. ÔH#_®Ö’ ‰õΩºÉˇH± ã¨=∞㨺 g∞^Œ Ô~Ѷ¨Ô~O_®xfl PtOKÕ „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ "å^Œ∞Å∞ Jk HÍj‡~üÖ’ =∂„`«O =Å¡HÍ^ŒOÏ~°∞. Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ì qѨ¡=HÍ~°∞Å∞
13.
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14.
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Kåi„`«HõѨ„`åÅ∞ k 27 ‰õÄ_® q_»Q˘ÏìÅx K«∂âß~°∞. D q^èŒOQÍ 1905Ö’#∂, 1947Ö’#∂ ‰õÄ_® ɡOQÍÖò qÉèí[# [iyOk. `≥Å¡"åà◊√§ "≥o§áÈÜÕ∞ã¨iH˜ =ÚYºOQÍ =¸_»∞ *Ï`«∞Å∞–ɡOQÍb, ѨO*Ïc, HÍj‡~ü *Ï`«∞Å∞ – WO_çÜ«∂, áêH˜™êÎ<£Å =∞^茺 q_»Q˘@ì|_®¤~Ú. =Åã¨áêÅ# ÖˉõΩO_® LO>Ë *Ï`«∞Åhfl ‰õÄ_® ÉÏQÍ Jaè=$kú K≥Ok LO_Õq. J^Õ ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ `≥Å¡"å_çH˜ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ Pk"åã¨∞Å∞, Ô~·`«∞Å∞ áÈ~åÏÅ∞ KÕâß~°∞. W=hfl =Å㨠=ºuˆ~Hõ K≥ÿ`«#ºOÖ’ ÉèÏQÍÖË. „âßq∞Hõ =~°æO Ô~·`åOQÆO, =∞^茺 `«~°QÆu ™êfi`«O„`À^Œº=∞OÖ’ áêÅ∞ѨOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl~Ú. nxÖ’ ÉèÏQÆOQÍ „áêOfÜ«∞ ÉèÏ+¨Å∞ Jaè=$kú K≥O^•~Ú. *ÏfÜ≥∂^Œº=∞OÖ’ „ѨKå~°O =Ú=∞‡~°OQÍ ™êyOk. ™êÇ≤Ï`«º, ™êO㨯 $uHõ K≥ÿ`«#ºO ‰õÄ_® ÃÑiyOk. g@xflO˜ Ѷ¨e`«OQÍ ÉèÏëê „Ñ¨Ü«ÚHõÎ ~å„ëêìÅ U~åÊ@∞H˜ HÍ=Åã≤# <ÕѨ^䌺O `«Ü«∂Ô~·Ok. D *Ïu L^Œº=∂Åhfl ‰õÄ_® *ÏfÜ≥∂^Œº=∞OÖ’ ÉèÏQÆOQÍ<Õ [iQÍ~Ú. 1905Ö’ [iy# ɡOQÍÖò qÉèí[#, ^•#∞flOz ™êy# =O^Õ=∂`«~°O L^Œº=∞O D q+¨Ü«∂xfl `≥eÜ«∞KÕ™êÎ~Ú. 1918–22 =∞^茺 L"≥fi`«∞ÎQÍ ÖËz# ™êfi`«O„`«º áÈ~å@ L^Œº=∞OÖ’ ÉèÏëê„ѨܫÚHõÎ ~å„ëêìÅ U~åÊ@∞H˜ =∂~°æO ã¨∞QÆ=∞=∞~ÚOk. „Ѩ[Å PHÍOHõΔ#∞ QÆiÎOz, HÍO„ÔQãπ áêsì ‰õÄ_® ÉèÏëê „Ñ¨Ü«ÚHõÎ ~å„ëêìÅ U~åÊ@∞ [iy f~åÅ#flk. <åQÆѨÓ~üÖ’ [iy# ã¨=∂"Õâ◊OÖ’ P „áêuѨkHõ g∞^Õ qq^èŒ ~å„+¨ì HÍO„ÔQãπ ã¨OѶ¨∂efl U~°Ê~°zOk ‰õÄ_®. ^Õâ◊OÖ’x |_® |∂~°∞˚"å =~åæxH˜, Éèí∂™êfi=∞º =~åæxH˜ HÍO„ÔQãπ áêsì ~å[H©Ü«∞ „Ѩuxkè. J~Ú<å, 1947 PQÆã¨∞ìÖ’ `«# KÕuÖ’H˜ ~å[H©Ü«∞ JkèHÍ~°O |kb JÜÕ∞ºO`« =~°‰õÄ „Ѩ[Å PHÍOHõΔÅ#∞ P"≥∂kOz#>Ë¡ HõxÑ≤OzOk. HÍh 1947 PQÆã¨∞ì 15 `«~åfi`« HÍO„ÔQãπ Jã¨Å∞ ~°∂Ѩ٠|Ü«∞@Ѩ_ç~k. ~å„+¨ì HÍO„ÔQãπ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ =∂@Å#∞ ‰õÄ_® ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ÃÑ_»K≥qx ÃјìOk. á⁄˜ì „j~å=ÚÅ∞ 1952Ö’ 56 ~ÀAÅ∞ P=∞~°} x~åǨ~° nHõΔ KÕâß~°∞. PO„^èŒ „Ѩ[Å∞ L"≥fi`«∞ÎQÍ ÖËKå~°∞. "åà◊¡ P„QÆǨxH˜ Ѩ@ìѨQÍæÅ∞ ÖË=Ù. qkèÖËHõ ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO =∞„^•ã¨∞ ~å„+¨ìO#∞O_ç q_»nã≤ PO„^èŒ~å„ëêìxfl U~åÊ@∞ KÕã≤Ok. HÍh `≥ÅOQÍ}Ï =∂„`«O WO^Œ∞Ö’ ÖË^Œ∞. ÉèÏëê „áêuѨkHõ g∞^Œ ~å„ëêìŠѨÙ#ifiÉèí[# [~°QÍÅ<Õ L^Œº=∞O ~°∂á⁄OkOk. ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO 1953Ö’ SRC "Õã≤Ok. ÏÏ, a~å¡ ÖÏO˜"åà◊√§ ~å„ëêìŠѨÙ#ifiÉèí[#x =ºuˆ~H˜OKå~°∞. "åà◊§ QÆ∞`åÎkèѨ`åºxH˜ qѶ¨∂`«O U~°Ê_»∞`«∞O^Œx ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_ç, Pi÷Hõ Jaè=$kú ‰õΩO@∞ Ѩ_»∞`«∞O^Œx ™ê‰õΩ K≥áêÊ~°∞. =~°æO Jaè=$kú K≥O^Œ∞`«∞#fl H˘nÌ ^ŒàÏs |∂~°∞˚"å =~°æO =Åã¨, J~°ú=Å㨠^ÕâßÖ’¡ ã¨fi^Õj Éèí∂™êfi=∞º =~°æO`À#∂, q^Õj ™ê„=∂[º "å^Œ∞Å`À<Õ +¨sHõ=_»O "≥Ú^ŒÖˇÏì~Ú. ^ŒàÏs |∂~°∞˚"å =~°æOÖ’ XHõ ÉèÏQÆ"≥∞ÿ`Õ *Ïu q=ÚH˜Î áÈ~å@ʼnõΩ „^ÀǨÏOKÕã≤ ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ∞ʼnõΩ QÆ∞ÖÏOQÍ `«Ü«∂Ô~·Ok. WO^Œ∞=Å¡ #Ü«∂ =Å㨠^ÀÑ≤_ôH˜ JO‰õΩ~å~°Ê} [iyOk. ™êfi`«O„`«ºO J<Õ =Úã¨∞ˆQã¨∞‰õΩx J@∞ q^Õj ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ∞ÅH˜, W@∞ ã¨fi^Õj Éèí∂™êfi=ÚÅH© #q∞‡#|O@∞QÍ ^ŒàÏs |∂~°∞˚"å =~°æO `«Ü«∂~°~ÚOk. W"åà◊ D ^ŒàÏs |∂~°∞˚"å =~°æ"Õ∞ ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ ^ÀÑ≤_ôH˜ ÉÏǨ@OQÍ `«Å∞ѨÙÅ∞ `≥izOk. WO_çÜ«∂Ö’ *ÏfÜ«∞`å Pq~åƒù=O : ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊ K«i„`«Ö’ ^Œ$_è»"≥∞ÿ# ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ZѨÙÊ_»∂ ÖË^Œ∞. `≥Å¡"åà◊√§ ~åHõ=ÚO^Œ∞ =∞ø~°º, QÆ∞ѨÎ, "≥ÚQÆÖò ~å*ϺÅ∞O_Õq. g˜Ö’ U XHõ¯© ‰õÄ_® "≥Ú`«ÎO ^Õâß#flO`å `«# UÅ∞|_ç H˜O^Œ `≥K«∞ÛHÀÖË^Œ∞. =º=™êÜ«∞~°OQÆO, Pi÷Hõ ~°OQÆO K«∂^•Ì=∞O>Ë ^Õâ◊O qq^èŒ „áêO`åÅ =∞^茺 KåÖÏ qaè#fl`« LOk. x*ÏxH˜ D LѨYO_»OÖ’ ÉèÏ~°`« ã¨=∂[O JO@∂ XHõ˜ ÖË^Œ∞. J<ÕHõ *Ï`«∞Å „Ѩ[Å∞ J<ÕHõ z#fl z#fl ~å*ϺÅÖ’ K≥ÖÏ¡ K≥^Œ∞~°∞QÍ L<åfl~°∞. Éèí∂™êfi=∞º L`«ÊuÎ q^è•#OÖ’ Wk `«Ñ¨Êxã¨i. ÉèÏ~°`« LѨYO_»OÖ’ ã¨Ô~·# J=HÍâßÅ∞O>Ë ÉèÏ+¨, ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºO ã¨O㨯 $`«∞Å ^•fi~å Z<Àfl *Ï`«∞Å∞ Jaè=$kú K≥O^Œ∞`å~Ú. `≥Å¡"åà◊√§ ~åHõ=ÚO^Õ D ^Õâ◊OÖ’x Éèí∂™êfi=∞º q^è•#O c@Å∞ "åiOk. ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç, ^•h â◊‰õΩÎÅ∞ ZO`« |ÅÇ‘Ï#OQÍ<≥ÿ<å "≥ÚÅÔH`åÎ~Ú. =~°ÎHõO ÃÑiyOk. J_»∞¤QÀ_»Å∞ `˘ÅyáÈ~Ú, ™ê÷xHõ =∂Ô~¯ò‰õΩ ^•i ã¨∞QÆ=∞=∞~ÚOk. ™ê÷xHõOQÍ =∂Ô~¯@∞¡ qã¨ÎiOKå~Ú. ^Õâ◊OÖ’ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ# Z<ÀflKÀ@¡ =∂Ô~¯ò qã¨Î~°} [iyOk. D ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’<Õ ™êO㨯 $uHõ ~°OQÆOÖ’ ÉèíH˜Î L^Œº=∞O "≥Ú^ŒÅ~ÚOk. „áêOfÜ«∞ ÉèÏ+¨Å Jaè=$k÷H˜, ™êÇ≤Ï`åºxH˜ Wk ZO`«QÍ<À `À_»Ê_ç~k. x*ÏxH˜ `≥Å¡"åà◊√§ ~åHõ=ÚO^Õ WHõ¯_» ɡOQÍÖò, XiÜ«∂, `≥Å∞QÆ∞, `«q∞à◊, =∞ÅÜ«∂à◊, Hõ#fl_», ѨO*ÏÉò *Ï`«∞Å∞ =$kúÖ’H˜ =KåÛ~Ú. ã¨iQÍæ D H©ÅHõ"≥∞ÿ# ^Œâ◊Ö’ =∞#g∞^Œ `≥Å¡"å_ç =Åã¨áêÅ# qkèOK«|_ç~k. HÍ~ü¡=∂~ü¯û J#fl@∞¡ ÉèÏ~°`«^ÕâßxH˜ XHõ *ÏfÜ«∞ ÉèÏ+¨, XHõ *ÏfÜ«∞ ÅHõΔ}O ÖËHõáÈ=_»O =Å¡<Õ „a˜+π"å_ç HõuÎH˜ Z^Œ∞~°∞ ÖˉõΩO_® áÈ~ÚOk. *Ï`«∞Å Jaè=$kúH˜ „a˜+π"å_ç *’HõºO P@OHõO HõeyOzOk. *ÏfÜ«∞ ã¨O㨯 $u J}z "ÕÜ«∞|_ç~k. z#fl z#fl ~å„ëêìefl q_»Q˘Ïì~°∞. 'qÉèílOz áêeOK«∞— J<Õ `≥Å¡"å_ç q^è•#O *Ï`«∞Å ã¨~°fi`À=ÚY Jaè=$k÷H˜ ÃÑ^ŒÌ J_»∞¤QÀ_» J~ÚOk. =∞`« „áêuѨkHõ g∞^Œ
15.
28 k „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º`≥ÅOQÍ}
Kåi„`«HõѨ„`åÅ∞ k 29 WO_çÜ«∂Ö’ HõÅ∞ѨىõΩ#flq. 2) WO`«‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞ ÉÏQÍ Jaè=$kú K≥Ok, WѨÙÊ_»∞ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ LxH˜, Jaè=$kú HÀã¨O P~å@Ѩ_»∞`«∞#fl *Ï`«∞Å∞. 3) H˘`«ÎQÍ `«Öˇ`«∞Î`«∞#fl *Ï`«∞Å∞, "å˜HÀã¨O q_çq_çQÍ ~å„ëêìÖË~°Ê_»@O. WѨÙÊ_»∞ XH˘¯Hõ¯© Ѩije^•ÌO. ÉèÏëê „Ñ¨Ü«ÚHõÎ ~å„ëêìÖ’¡ *Ïu q=ÚH˜Î L^Œº=∂Å∞: W"åà◊ WO_çÜ«∂Ö’ *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺 ˆHO„^Œ, ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`åfiÅ =∞^茺 Ѷ¨∞~°¬}Ö’ #Å∞QÆ∞`ÀOk. =∞# ~å*ϺOQÆOÖ’ ã¨=∂Yº ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞#flѨʘH© x*ÏxHõk UHõ ~å[º ѨÙ<åk g∞^Õ P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç LOk. 50 Uà◊√§QÍ ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ѨxQÆ@∞ìH˘x ~å„ëêìÅ JkèHÍ~åefl =∞iO`« ‰õΩkOz "Õã≤Ok. PK«~°}Ö’ W"åà◊ ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`åfiÅ∞ ˆHO„^•xH˜ `åÉË^•~°∞¡QÍ `«Ü«∂~°Ü«∂º~Ú. ~å[H©Ü«∞, Pi÷Hõ ѨiáêÅ<å ~°OQÍÅ∞ ÉÏQÍ ˆHO„nHõ$`«"≥∞ÿ áÈÜ«∂~Ú. ã¨fi^Õj ~°∞}ÏÅ∞, q^Õj ~°∞}ÏÅ∞ Jxfl ˆHO„^ŒO K≥ѨÙÊKÕ`«Ö’¡<Õ L<åfl~Ú. ~å„ëêìÅ "åÏ 1950Ö’ 75âß`«O LO>Ë WѨÙÊ_»∞ 10âß`«OH˜ kyáÈ~ÚOk. Yx[ =#~°∞Å q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® ˆHO„^•x^Õ ÃÑ·KÕ~Ú. „ѨÉèí∞`«fi~°OQÆ ã¨Oã¨÷Ö’¡ ‰õÄ_® ˆHO„^•x^Õ PkèѨ`«ºO. qq^èŒ ~å„ëêìÅ =∞^茺 h˜ =#~°∞Å QÆ∞iOz `«QÍ^•Å∞ `«Öˇ`«∞Î`«∞<åfl~Ú. ˆHO„^ŒO =∞^茺=iÎ =Úã¨∞QÆ∞ "Õã¨∞‰õΩ#flk. q^Œ∞ºK«ÛùH˜Î ~°OQÆOÖ’ ‰õÄ_® ˆHO„^ŒO JkèHÍ~°O H˘#™êQÆ∞`ÀOk. ÉÏOH˜OQ∑ =º=ã¨÷, áê¡xOQ∑ Hõg∞+¨<£, ZQÆ∞=∞`«∞Å∞, kQÆ∞=∞`«∞Å∞, Pi÷Hõ ã¨Oã¨÷Å∞ Jhfl ˆHO„^ŒO QÆ∞ÃÑÊ’¡<Õ L<åfl~Ú. ~å„ëêìÅ∞ JѨÙÊÅáêÅ=Ù`«∂ "å˜ P^•Ü«∞O =∞s `«QÆ∞æ`ÀOk. D ~°HõOQÍ ~å„ëêìefl Ñ‘eÛ Ñ≤Ñ≤ÊKÕã¨∂Î JdÅ ÉèÏ~°`« ã¨sfiã¨∞ ã¨Oã¨÷#∞ U~åÊ@∞ KÕâß~°∞. D L#fl`« L^ÀºQÆã¨∞ÎÅ∞ ˆHO„^ŒO Hõ#∞ã¨#flÖ’¡<Õ LOÏ~°∞. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}H˜ QÆ=~°fl~ü ˆHO„^•xH˜ |O@∞. Jã¨Å∞ QÆ=~°fl~ü Ѩ^Œq J#=ã¨~°=∞x H˘xfl ~å„ëêìÅ∞ JѨÙÊ_Õ K≥áêÊ~Ú. ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâßxfl ÃÑ^ŒÌÃÑ^ŒÌ *Ï`«∞Å∞, Jxfl *Ï`«∞Ö’¡x |∂~°∞˚"å =~åæÅ∞ ѨOK«∞‰õΩ uO@∞<åfl~Ú. D "≥·~°∞^蕺Åhfl P#O^Œ ™êÃÇÏÉò f~å‡#OÖ’ =∞#‰õΩ ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ HõxÑ≤™êÎ~Ú. D f~å‡#OÖ’ =∞`åOâßÅ∞ H˘xfl =Ù#flѨʘH© „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞ºÜ«Ú`«"≥∞ÿ# Pi÷Hõ _ç=∂O_»∞¡ ‰õÄ_® =Ù<åfl~Ú. ã¨=∂Yº U~åÊ@∞‰õΩ Ö’|_ç U ~å„ëêìxHÍ ~å„+¨ìO `«# `«# ~°OQÍÖ’¡ `«# ÉÏQÀQÆ∞Å∞ `«<Õ K«∂ã¨∞HÀ"åe. JHÍb^Œàò, `≥Å∞QÆ∞^Õâ◊O, J™êûO QÆ}`«O„`« Ѩi+¨`ü, „^Œq_» =Ú<Õfl„@ Hõ[QÆO, áê~°¡"≥∞O@s Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ì áêsìÅ∞ D _ç=∂O_»¡ QÆ∞iOz J_»∞QÆ∞`«∞#flѨʘH©, `«=∞ =~°æ ã¨fiÉèÏ=O =Å¡ áÈ~åÏxH˜ ã≤^ŒúO HÍ=_»OÖË^Œ∞. PÜ«∂ ~å„ëêìÅ *Ï`«∞Å „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ PHÍOHõΔÅ#∞ =∞#O ã¨=ºOQÍ J~°÷O KÕã¨∞HÀ"åe. WOHÍ =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ "≥o¡ D *Ï`«∞efl ‰õÄ_»QƘì, UH©Hõ$`« ~å*ϺxH˜ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ áÈ~å_ç x["≥∞ÿ# „Ѩ*Ï L^Œº=∂Å∞ ÃÑÅ∞¡aH˜#ѨÙ_»∞ qq^èŒ*Ï`«∞Å∞ `«=∞ Pâ◊Ü«∞ ™ê^èŒ#HÀã¨O g^èŒ∞Ö’¡H˘zÛ#ѨÙ_»∞ ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO "å˜x x~åÌH˜Δ}ºOQÍ J}∞ã¨∂Î<Õ LOk. D J}z"Õ`« WѨʘ^•HÍ H˘#™êQÆ∞`«∂<Õ LOk. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ J@∞ ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ∞Å∞, W@∞ ^ŒàÏs |∂~°∞˚"å =~°æO ‰õÄ_® *ÏfÜ«∞`«‰õΩ â◊„`«∞=ÙÖË. *Ï`«∞Å =∞^茺 LO_Õ Éèí∂™êfi=∞º ã¨O|O^è•Å∞ ‰õÄ_® "å˜ ã¨~°fi`À=ÚMÏaè=$kúH˜ J_»¤OH˜QÍ L<åfl~Ú. ÉèÏëê„ѨܫÚHõÎ ~å„+¨ì qÉèí[# XHõѨÙÊ_»∞ (=Å㨠áêÅ# ~ÀAÖ’¡) HÍO„ÔQãπ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞"Õ∞. J~Ú`Õ W"åfià◊ Jk „Ѩ*Ï L^Œº=∂Å ^•fi~å =∂„`«"Õ∞ ™ê^茺=∞ø`«∞Ok. ѨO*ÏÉòÖÏO˜ Jaè=$kú K≥Ok# ~å„+¨ìO ‰õÄ_® 1966Ö’<Õ U~°Ê_ç~k. JO^Œ∞HÀã¨O Z<Àfl L^Œº=∂Å∞ #_çKå~Ú. x*ÏxH˜ ѨO*ÏÉò ÉèÏëê, ™êÇ≤Ï`åºÅ∞ Z#ÖËx Jaè=$kúx ™êkèOKå~Ú. J~Ú<å, ~å„+¨ìO U~åÊ@∞Ö’ *ÏѨºO `«Ñ¨ÊÖË^Œ∞. ÉèÏëê „Ñ¨Ü«ÚHõÎ ~å„+¨ì qÉèí[# U^À XHõ "Õ∞~°ÔH·<å „Ñ¨^è•# *Ï`«∞Å ÃÑ`«Î<åxfl ^≥|ƒfã≤Ok. J~Ú`Õ *Ï`«∞Å ã¨fiÜ«∞O x~°‚Ü«∂kèHÍ~°O J<Õk x*ÏxH˜OHÍ ™êkèOK«=Å¿ã LOk. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Éèí∂™êfi=∞ºO, ™ê„=∂[º"å^ŒO, |_® |∂~°∞˚"å áêÅ#, x~°O‰õΩâ◊ ˆHO„^Œ„ѨÉèí∞`«fiO W=hfl Hõeã≤ qq^èŒ *Ï`«∞Å#∞ J}zÃјì LOKå~Ú. WHõ ÉèÏ+¨ q+¨Ü«∂xH˘^•ÌO. J@∞ WOw¡+¨μ, W@∞ Ç≤ÏOn „áêÉÖϺŠ=Å¡ qq^èŒ „áêOfÜ«∞ ÉèÏ+¨Å∞ "≥#Hõ|_ç áÈÜ«∂~Ú. H˘xfl „áêOfÜ«∞ ÉèÏ+¨Åg∞^Œ ã¨O㨯 $u =Å¡ ^ÕjÜ«∞ ÉèÏ+¨Å∞ ^≥|ƒu<åfl~Ú. H˘xfl z#fl z#fl *Ï`«∞Öˇÿ`Õ WOHÍ ~å„ëêìÅ∞QÍ<Õ ~°∂á⁄O^ŒÖË^Œ∞. *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺 – „Ѩã¨∞Î`« Ѩiã≤÷u WO`«=~°‰õÄ Ñ¨ijeOz# ^•xfl |˜ì ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊O *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺 qq^èŒ ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ ~°∂á⁄O^Œ∞`«∞Ok. XHÀ¯™êi Jk q_çáÈÜÕ∞ ǨωõΩ¯#∞ ‰õÄ_® _ç=∂O_£ KÕÜ≥ÚK«∞Û. =∞~À™êi H˘xfl z#fl z#fl *Ï`«∞Å∞ XHõ ã¨=∂YºQÍ U~°Ê_»`åÜ«∞x J#=K«∞Û. ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO Ü≥ÚHõ¯ PkèѨ`«º ^èÀ~°}˜x P ã¨=∂Yº =ºuˆ~H˜OK«=K«∞Û. *Ï`«∞Å q=ÚH˜Î L^Œº=∂Å∞ U ~°∂ѨO fã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl "å˜x =∞#O ™ê#∞Éèí∂u`À<Õ J~°÷O KÕã¨∞HÀ"åe. ã¨fiÜ«∞O x~°‚Ü«∂kèHÍ~°O J<Õk *Ï`«∞Å[#‡ ǨωõΩ¯. W`«~°∞Å *’HõºO, „Ѩ"Õ∞Ü«∞O ÖˉõΩO_® U *Ï`≥ÿ<å `«# ÉèÏëê ã¨O㨯 $`«∞efl, `«# Pi÷Hõ Ѩiã≤÷`«∞efl Jaè=$kú KÕã¨∞H˘x, `«##∞ `å<Õ Ñ¨iáêeOK«∞HÀQÆÅQÍe. HÍh, D „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ ǨωõΩ¯ ‰õÄ_® Éèí∂™êfi=∞º, ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ ^ŒàÏs =~åæÅ =Å¡ ÉèÏ~°`« ^Õâ◊OÖ’ J}z "ÕÜ«∞|_»∞`ÀOk. W"åà◊ WO_çÜ«∂Ö’x *Ïu q=ÚH˜Î L^Œº=∂efl =∞#O 3 `«~°QÆ`«∞Å∞QÍ qÉèílOK«=K«∞Û. 1) WO`«‰õΩ =ÚO^≥ѨÙÊ_»∂ WO_çÜ«∂Ö’ ÖˉõΩO_® WѨÙÊ_»∞
16.
30 k „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º`≥ÅOQÍ}
Kåi„`«HõѨ„`åÅ∞ k 31 ǨÏi`« qѨ¡=O ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ∞Å, ÉèÏ~°`« áêÅHõ =~åæÅ „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ HÀã¨O L^ÕÌtOK«|_ç~k. nx=Å¡ ѨO*ÏÉò =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆOÖ’ Jáê~°"≥∞ÿ# Jaè=$kú ™êkèOzOk. É’Öˇ_»∞ q∞QÆ∞Å∞ P^•Ü«∞O ã¨OáêkOzOk. n#flO`«‰õÄ_® J@∞ ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ∞Å∞, W@∞ ÉèÏ~°`« |∂~°∞˚"å =~åæÅ∞ kQÆq∞OQÍ~Ú. =º=™êÜ≥∂`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ g∞^Œ ѨO*ÏÉò Ô~·`«∞ňHg∞ J^Œ∞ѨÙÖË^Œ∞. nx=Å¡ =#~°∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_® ÃÑ^ŒÌ ÃÑ^ŒÌ "åºáê~°∞ã¨∞ÎÅH˜ LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_®¤~Ú. =#~°∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_® JÖψQ W`«~° ~°OQÍʼnõΩ `«~°eOK«|_®¤~Ú. JdÅ ÉèÏ~°`« ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ =Ù#fl ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç =∂Ô~¯@∞¡ ZÖò.S.ã≤ÖÏO˜ ã¨Oã¨÷Å∞ ~å„ëêìxfl ^ÀK«∞HÀ=_®xH˜ JÅ"å@∞ Ѩ_®¤~Ú. =º=™êÜ«∞~°OQÆOÖ’ L`«ÊuÎ â◊‰õΩÎÅ∞ ÉÏQÍ Jaè=$kú K≥O^•~Ú. ^•xfl =∞iO`« Jaè=$kú Ѩ~°K«_®xH˜ ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç Hõ~°∞"≥·Ok. "åºáê~° ã¨Oã¨÷Å Jaè=$kú =º=™êÜ«∞~°OQÆ Jaè=$kúx ^≥|ƒfã≤Ok. „QÍg∞} „áêO`åÖ’¡ =ÙO_Õ Ñ¨O*ÏÉò Ô~·`åOQÆO – ^èŒxHõ Ô~·`åOQÆO`À ã¨Ç¨ h˜ ã¨=∞㨺#∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯O’Ok. ǨÏi`« qѨ¡=O =Å¡ =º=™êÜ«∂aè=$kú [iy# =∂@ x["Õ∞, HÍh =º=™êÜ«∂xH˜ J=ã¨~°"≥∞ÿ# Z~°∞=ÙÅ∞, q`«Î<åÅ∞, =∞O^Œ∞Å∞, ѨiHõ~åÅ∞ Jhfl ‰õÄ_® ˆHO„^ŒO KÕ`«∞Ö’¡ =Ù<åfl~Ú. D ~°HõOQÍ Ñ¨O*ÏÉò ~å„+¨ìO Ü«∂=`«∞Î ˆHO„^ŒO ^ŒÜ«∂^•H˜Δ}ϺŠg∞^Œ<Õ P^è•~° Ѩ_»=Åã≤ =zÛOk. JO^Œ∞=Å¡<Õ Ñ¨O*ÏÉòÖ’ 1947 `«~åfi`« Hõhqh Z~°∞QÆx suÖ’ <≥`«∞Î~°∞ =~°^ŒÖˇÿ áêiOk. D ~°HõOQÍ JkèHÍ~°O ˆHO„nHõ$`«"≥∞ÿ =ÙO_ç, =#~°∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_® ˆHO„^ŒO QÆ∞Ñ≤Ê’¡<Õ =Ù<åfl~Ú. ѨO*ÏÉò ~å„+¨ì „Ѩ[Å HÍOHõΔÅ∞ <≥~°"Õ~°ÖË^Œ∞. ^Õâ◊O ~Ú`«~° „áêO`åÅÖ’ ‰õÄ_® ~ÚÖÏO˜ L^Œº=∂Å∞ `«Öˇ`«∞Î`«∞<åfl~Ú. WqOHÍ ÃÑiˆQ ã¨∂K«#Å∞ HõxÑ≤ã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. Hõ#∞Hõ, qѨ¡=Hõ~° â◊‰õΩÎÅ∞ D L^Œº=∂efl ã¨=ºOQÍ J~°÷O KÕã¨∞HÀ"åe. ã¨=∞㨺H˜ ã¨iÜ≥ÿ∞# Ѩiëê¯~°O ÖËHõáÈ`Õ P ã¨=∞㨺 U~°∂Ѩ"≥∞ÿ<å fã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û. JO^Œ∞Hõ<Õ D L^Œº=∂ÅÖ’ q_çáÈÜÕ∞ ǨωõΩ¯ |ÅOQÍ =ÚO^Œ∞H˘zÛOk. qѨ¡=Hõ~° â◊‰õΩÎÅ∞ D ã¨=∞㨺 Ѩ@¡ ã¨Ê+¨ì"≥∞ÿ# "≥·Yi, J=QÍǨÏ# U~°Ê~°∞K«∞HÀ"åe. qѨ¡= Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ìÅ∞ =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ =zÛ, D ã¨=∞㨺‰õΩ ã¨=º"≥∞ÿ# Ѩiëê¯~°O ã¨∂zã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. q_çáÈÜÕ∞ ǨωõΩ¯`À ã¨Ç¨ ÉèÏ~°`üÖ’x Jxfl *Ï`«∞ÅH© Jxfl ǨωõΩ¯Å∂ =ÙO_ç f~åe. `˘e ^Œâ◊Ö’ ‰õÄ_® U *ÏuÔH·<å q_çáÈÜÕ∞ ǨωõΩ¯ =ÙO@∞Ok. nxfl qѨ¡= Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ìÅ∞ QÆ∞iÎOzf~åe. „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ~å„ëêìÅ HÀã¨O áÈ~åÏÅ∞ – ~å„ëêìÅ ã¨fiÜ«∞O „ѨuѨuÎ WÖÏO˜ L^Œº=∂Å∞ „áêOfÜ«∞ Jã¨=∂#`«Å =Å<Õ `«Öˇ`«∞Î`å~Ú. ~å„ëêìŠ㨺ܫ∞O „ѨuѨuÎ KåÖÏ J=ã¨~°=∞x =∞#‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞. ÃѶ_»~°Öò =º=ã¨÷#∞ U~°Ê~°K«∞HÀ"åe. JѨÙÊ_Õ *Ï`«∞Å ã¨~°fi`À=ÚMÏaè=$kú ™ê^茺=∞ø`«∞Ok. ˆHO„^Œ-~å„+¨ì ã¨O|O^è•Å ZO`« =∂„`«O „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞HõOQÍ ÖË=x =∞#‰õΩ Ñ¨O*ÏÉòx K«∂¿ãÎ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. P#O^ŒÑ¨Ó~ü ™êÃÇÏÉò f~å‡<åxH˜ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ `«#‰õΩ ~å=Åã≤# "åÏ QÆ∞iOz ѨO*ÏÉò U<å˜#∞OKÀ J_»∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. HÍh, ÉèÏ~°`« áêÅHõ =~åæÅ∞ KåÖÏ x~°O‰õΩâ◊OQÍ Ñ¨O*ÏÉò „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ PHÍOHõΔÅ#∞ KåÖÏ J=∂#∞+¨OQÍ J}z "Õã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. qkèÖËHõ ѨO*ÏÉò WѨÙÊ_»∞ q_çáÈÜÕ∞ ǨωõΩ¯x =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ fã¨∞‰õΩ=™ÈÎOk. z„`«"Õ∞q∞@O>Ë Ñ¨O*ÏÉòÖ’ *Ïu q=ÚH˜Î L^Œº=∞O, =∞`«O HõÅQÍѨÙÅQÆO J~ÚáÈÜ«∂~Ú. ѨO*ÏÉò Ô~·`åOQÆOÖ’ JkèHõÉèÏQÆO ã≤‰õΩ¯Å∞ HÍ=_»O =Å# Jk ã≤‰õΩ¯ L^Œº=∞OQÍ ÃÑ·H˜ Hõ#|_»∞`ÀOk. ÉèÏ~°`« áêÅHõ =~åæʼnõΩ Ç≤ÏO^Œ∂ =∞`« ã¨fiÉèÏ=O LOk. Hõ#∞Hõ ѨO*ÏÉò „Ѩ[Ö’¡ peHõ =zÛOk. D q+¨Ü«∂xfl H˘OK≥O "≥#H˜¯ "≥o¡ Ѩije^•ÌO. ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊O JO`«Ï ÉèÏëê„ѨܫÚHõÎ ~å„ëêìÅ∞ 1956Ö’ U~°Ê_ç`Õ, ѨO*ÏÉò ~å„+¨ìO 1966 <å˜H˜ QÍx U~°Ê_»ÖË^Œ∞. JѨÙÊ_Õ Ç¨Ï~åº<åÖ’ =Ù#fl Ç≤ÏO^Œ∞=Ùefl ѨO*ÏÉòÖ’ KÕ~°ÛÏxH˜ Ç≤ÏO^Œ∂ =∞`À<å‡^Œ∞Å∞ „Ѩܫ∞uflOKå~°∞. PѨˆ~+¨<£ |∂¡™êì~ü =Å¡, 1984 #=O|~ü ã≤‰õΩ¯ =ºuˆ~Hõ K«~°ºÅ∞ =Å¡ ã≤‰õΩ¯Å∞ =∞#‰õΩ =∞iO`« ^Œ∂~°=∞Ü«∂º~°∞. Ç≤ÏO^Œ∂ á¶êã≤ã¨∞ì =∞`À<å‡^Œ∞Å∞ ~å*ϺkèHÍ~°O Pã¨~å K«∂ã¨∞‰õΩx, ã≤‰õΩ¯efl =ÓK«HÀ`« HÀâß~°∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ ѨO*ÏÉò L^Œº=∂xH˜ ã≤‰õΩ¯ ã¨fiÉèÏ=O ã¨O`«iOK«∞‰õΩOk. ѨO*ÏÉò ã¨=∞㨺x =∞#O =∞iO`« Ö’`«∞QÍ Ñ¨ije^•ÌO. =º=™êÜ«∞~°OQÆOÖ’ Pi÷Hõ ~°OQÆOÖ’ ѨO*ÏÉò WO_çÜ«∂Ö’ Jxfl ~å„ëêìHõÅHõ<åfl Jaè=$kú ™êkèOzOk. ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•s L`«ÊuÎ â◊‰õΩÎÅ∞ JHõ¯_» ÉÏQÍ "ÕQÆO ѨÙOA‰õΩ<åfl~Ú ‰õÄ_®. J~Ú<å, JHõ¯_Õ *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺 D ~°∂ѨO fã¨∞‰õΩO^ŒO>Ë J~°÷O Uq∞˜? ÉèÏ~°`« áêÅHõ =~åæÅ *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺x ã¨=ºOQÍ Ñ¨i+¨¯iOK«ÖË^Œx `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. ÉèÏëê „Ñ¨Ü«ÚHõÎ ~å„ëêìÅ U~åÊ@∞ HÀã¨O [iy# L^Œº=∂Å∞ `å`å¯eHõOQÍ *Ï`«∞Å ã¨=∞㨺#∞ "≥#H˜¯ <≥Ïì~Ú. HÍh, ã¨iH˘`«Î Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å =Å¡ WѨÙÊ_»∞ *Ï`«∞Åã¨=∞㨺 ÉÏQÍÃÑ·H˜ =zÛOk. ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO nxfl S.Z"£∞.ZѶπ, „ѨѨOK« ÉϺO‰õΩ, „ѨѨOK« "å}˜[º XѨÊO^•Å∞ g@xflO˜h `«# QÆ∞Ñ≤Ê’¡ =ÙOK«∞‰õΩx, ~å„ëêìÅ g∞^Œ ÃÑ`«Î#O K«ÖÏ~Úã¨∞Î#flk. D <ÕѨ^䌺O #∞Oz K«∂ã≤#ѨÙÊ_Õ Ñ¨O*ÏÉò ã¨=∞㨺 =∞iO`« Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ J=QÍǨÏ# J=Ù`«∞Ok.
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