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1. GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,KEONJHAR
SEMINAR ON
HYBRID ELETRIC VEHICLE
SUBMITTED BY :
Name- Chandan Behera
REGD .NO- 2001104209
Branch- Mechanical Engineering
Semester- 6th sem./3rd year
SUBMITTED TO :
Er. Kirti Ranjan Panda
(Asst . Professor)

2. Contents
What is HEV?
Why HEV?
Types of Hybridization
Types of HEV
Parts of HEV vehicle
Advantages of HEV
Disadvantage of HEV
Conclusions

3. What is Hybrid Electric Vehicle(HEV)?
 First builds in 1904 by Krieger company and then it comes with gross production by Ford
company in the year 1910
 A hybrid car is any car that uses both electricity and fuel injection in order to run.

4.  Declining fuel reserves
 Increasing in Demand
 Environmental Degradation
 An electric-powered car can't go more than 100 miles(161 km) between recharging, is
difficult to recharge and don't drive beyond 60mpg, although it emits little pollution.
 Hence to overcome from these problem we use hybrid electric concept as it
:Increases the fuel efficiency by 30-40%.
:Reduce emission.
:Increase fuel economy
Why HEV?

5. Types of Hybridization
 1. Mild / Micro Hybridization
 2. Medium Hybridization
 3. Fully Hybridization

6. Types of HEV
1.SERIES HYBRID
 The fuel tank goes the engine, but the engine turns a generator.
 Then the generator can either charge the batteries or power an electric motor that drives
the transmission.
 The gasoline engine does not directly power the car.

7. 2. PARALLEL HYBRID
 It has a fuel tank that supplies gas to the engine like a regular car.
 It also has a set of batteries that run an electric motor.
 Both the engine and electric motor can turn the transmission at the same time.

8. 3. SERIES PARALLEL HYBRID
 Series Parallel type also called Power-split hybrids.
 More beneficial then above hybrid.
 Most of the latest vehicle based on this hybrid.

9. Parts of HEV Vehicle
1.Engine
 An engine is a device designed to convert one form of energy into another form of energy
 It's much same as other vehicles engine, but the size of hybrid electric vehicle engine is
small and it's more fuel efficient.
 There are two types of engine, mostly used in HEV vehicle
1.Petrol Engine
2.Diesel Engine

10. 2.Battery
 It stores the energy generated from gasoline engine or
during regenerative braking, from the electric motor.
 There are 3 types of batteries used in HEV vehicles
1. Lead Acid (2.2 volt)
2.Nickel Cadmium (1.2 volt))
3.Lithium-ion (3.7 volt)

11. 3.Electric Motor
 It's power the vehicle at low speed and assist the gasoline engine when additional
power is needed.
 Most of the electric machines used in hybrid vehicles are brushless DC motors.

12. 4.Controller
 The controller is used to charge the battery or to supply the power to electric motor.
 Converts Battery DC to a chopped DC.
5.Generator
 It converts mechanical energy from engine into electrical energy, which can be used by
electric motor stored in the battery. It's also used to start the gasoline engine instantly.

13. Advantages and Disadvantages of HEV
Advantages
 Savings
 Low Emissions
 Reduction in Noise Pollution
 Low Maintenance
 Safe to Drive
Disadvantages
 Hybrids are more expensive than non-
hybrids.
 Hybrids (in regards to a car accident)
have a much higher risk of exploding
because it has a combination of gasoline
and ethanol.
 Slower than petrol powered cars
 Parts can be very expensive to repair

14. CONCLUSIONS
 Using the concept of Hybridization of cars results in better efficiency and also saves a
lot of fuel in today's fuel deficit world.
 A hybrid gives a solution to all the problems to some extent.
 If proper research and development is done in this field, hybrid vehicle promises a
practical, efficient, low pollution vehicle for the coming era.
 One can surely conclude that this concept and the similar ones to follow with even
better efficiency & conservation rate are very much on the anvil in today's energy
deficit world.

15. THANK YOU