Presentation by the African Network for Drugs & Diagnostics Innovation made at the Euro-Africa Health Investment Conference, March 26 - 27, 2013, London, United Kingdom.

1. Push for greater R&D and
innovation in Africa
Solomon Nwaka.
ANDI Director a.i.
EAHIC London, March 26-27, 2013

2. Presentation to address following question!
• What is the potential & capacity for health product R&D and
innovation in Africa?
• How can we stimulate collaboration between local pharma
industry, academia and public sector?
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3. Outline of presentation
• Landscape for product R&D and access for diseases that
disproportionately affect developing countries, esp Africa
• Health product/pharmaceutical R&D in Africa
• ANDI and other initiatives
• Summary & conclusions
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4. Global landscape for product R&D and innovation
• PDPs, PPPs & dedicated industry activities
• Academia – screens, genomics, MedChem, ADMET
• Network and consortia based mechanism
• Government or intergovernmental effort
•
Open source & open innovation approaches
• Product access and procurement initiatives
• Funding from government & philanthropy
ANDI is presently the only product R&D coordination
mechanism operating on a pan African basis
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5. 'Innovation gap' remain: e.g. drugs
Nwaka et al. 2009
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6. A global innovation framework for diseases that
'disproportionately affect developing countries'
• Global Strategy and Plan of Action on Public Health, Innovation and Intellectual
Property (GSPoA)
▪ Agreed by ALL countries in World Health Assembly Resolution 61.21
▪ Emphasise country level & regional innovation in developing countries
▪ Financing and coordination mechanisms being discussed
▪ www.who.int/phi
• Designed to promote:
▪ innovation
▪ build capacity
▪ improve access to innovation
▪ mobilize resources
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7. Research and pharmaceuticals in Africa
• Africa home to medicines – traditional & herbal remedies
• Growing emphasis on pharmaceutical R&D, manufacture and capacity building
▪ AU Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Plan
▪ AMCOST Cairo Declaration of 2006, 'promote R&D and develop innovation
strategies for wealth creation and economic development'
▪ Algiers declaration on research for health 2008
▪ Globally competitive R&D institutions and SMEs exist
• But existing capacity not coordinated or leveraged to solve African health
challenges
▪ limited intra-African collaboration, limited capacity utilization
• Enhanced intra-African collaboration will boost North South/South South
partnerships
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8. Increasing African R&D support but a more holistic
approach needed
• Multilateral Initiative for Malaria
▪ Provided small grants (MIM/TDR) but grant now discontinued
▪ Secretariat transferred to AMANET, Tanzania in 2005, now hosted Univ.
Yaoundé
• EDCTP
▪ Strong African engagement in management and governance (African office)
• Many agencies now fund direct to African institutions
▪ NIH, EU, Wellcome Trust, Gates Foundation, DFID/MRC…….
• Increasing number of African countries establishing research councils
• AU / NEPAD
▪ Direct engagement in fostering research and capacity building
▪ Local product and regulatory activities

9. ANDI responds to the need for coordination
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10. Evolution and background of ANDI
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11. ANDI establishment informed by landscape analysis
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50
66
176
Country
visits
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Interviews
outside of
Africa
▪ Group interviews
▪ 1-on-1 interviews
▪ Phone interviews
Data
sources
▪
▪
▪
▪
Interviews
in Africa
▪ 1-on-1 interviews
▪ Focus groups
▪ Plenary sessions
South Africa
Nigeria
Egypt
Kenya
Burkina Faso
> 30,000 papers analyzed
> 1,500 clinical trials analyzed
> 160 African patents analyzed
> 120 pharmaceutical companies surveyed
Note: sources consulted included databases, institutional web pages and reports (foundations, PPPs, pharma companies)
SOURCE: Country visits, interviews
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12. Lack of collaboration in Africa…HIV/AIDS research
Only 5% of articles are
in collaboration between
two or more African countries
SOURCE: Thomson Web of Science, UCINET
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13. Good news - competency research centers exist
• Cities with 30 or more
articles published in the
2004 - 2008 period
• Total of 90 cities in 27
countries
• 16,647 biomedical articles
led by African authors
included in analysis
Note: Only top 40 cities by research output labeled
SOURCE: Thomson Web of Science
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14. Potential downstream partners for product manufacture &
commercialization exist
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Tunisia
Morocco
Algeria
Libya
Western Sahara
Egypt
Mauritania
Mali
Cape Verde
Sudan
Niger
Senegal
Eritrea
Chad
Gambia
Guinea
Bissau
Burkina
Guinea
Sierra Leone
Liberia
Djibouti
Central African
Republic
Nigeria
Ethiopia
Ivory
Coast
Uganda
Cameroon
Ghana
Benin
Equatorial
Togo
▪ Total of 129 companies
identified
▪ Most companies locate
to Egypt, SA, Nigeria,
Morocco and Algeria
▪ Estimated average sales
for identified companies
of ~USD 90 million/year
Guinea
Somalia
Zaire
Gabon
Congo
Kenya
Rwanda
Burundi
Tanzania
Malawi
Angola
Mozambique
Zambia
Namibia
Zimbabwe
Botswana
South Africa
Madagascar
Swaziland
Lesotho
SOURCE: OneSource, company websites, press searches
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15. ANDI mission & vision
Mission Statement
"To promote and sustain African-led health product
innovation to address African public health needs
through the assembly of research networks, and
building of capacity to support human and economic
development"
Vision
"Creating a sustainable platform for R&D innovation
in Africa to address Africa’s own health needs"
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16. Governance
• Hosting Agency
▪ Being transitioned out of UNECA
• Board
▪ Co-Chaired
– Minister of Health, Kenya
– Minister of S &T, S Africa
▪ 12 members with >75% from Africa
▪ WHO, AfDB & host agency
• Secretariat
▪ Operates through regional hubs
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17. Viable projects exist in Africa- call for projects
implemented
Capacity for innovation exist in Africa but need to be coordinated for optimal result
Covers product R&D, manufacturing, commercialization
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18. CoEs implemented through a rigorous process
Capacity for innovation exist in Africa but need to be coordinated for optimal result
Covers product R&D, manufacturing, commercialization
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19. Approved CoEs, incl manufacturers
National Institute for Pharmaceutical
Research and Development
University of Ibadan
Institut Pasteur de Tunis
Theodor Bilharz Reseach Institute
Vacsera (2)
Vacsera Manufacturing
University of Lagos
National Center for Research
Joint Clinical Research Center
University of Bamako
Kumasi Center for
Collaborative Research
LaGray Chemical Co. Ltd
Noguchi Memorial Institute
for Medical Research
University of Buea
Institut de recherches médicales et
d'études des plantes médicinales
African Institute of Biomedical
Science and Technology
Makerere University
KEMRI Production Unit
Institute of Primate Research
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Kenya Agricultural Research Institute
Kilimanjaro School of Pharmacy
University of Zambia
University of Mauritius
Stellenbosch University (2)
The Biovac Insttute
University of Cape Town (3)
IThemba Labs
South African Medical Research Council
Botswana Vaccine Institute
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
IThemba Pharma
University of Witwatersrand (2)
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20. CoE mapped around value chain - DRUGS
Product
Value Chain
Research
& Development
Clinical Studies
to Registration
Manufacturing &
Market access
Impact
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21. Analysis of CoE reveal most frequent donors of health
innovation in Africa – Nwaka et al. BMC 2012
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22. Other challenges for R&D & manufacture in Africa
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Regulation
Infrastructure
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23. Many partners needed
• Political leadership and ownership
▪ AU, NEPAD, AfDB, governmental-led governance
• Technical leadership and ownership
▪ Research institutions, Pharma, National agencies
▪ Diaspora
▪ Build on ANDI business plan
• Financial leadership
▪ Governments, development partners, AfDB

24. Questions addressed!
• The potential & capacity for health product R&D and
innovation exist in Africa
• We need to leverage existing capacity to build more capacity
(concept of capacity utilization)
• Strong political will and support critical
• Collaboration between local pharma industry, academia and
public sector has great potential
• Work on ANDI CoEs show that this can happen
• Encourage research based companies that can collaborate and take
on leads from academia
• Incentives schemes to encourage PPPs and tech transfer
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25. >500 people at ANDI Stakeholders Meetings
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26. Acknowledgment
• WHO incl. TDR, PHI, AFRO, EMRO
• Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)
• African Development Bank (AfDB)
• European Commission (EC), also for financial support
• African Union (AU)
• African institutions & scientists
• Nigeria for funding support
• McKinsey & Co
• ANDI STAC and former task force
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