PSHS Main Campus Social Science 3

1. SOCIAL SCIENCE III

2.  MIDDLE AGES
 FEUDALISM
 CHIVALRY
 THE CHURCH as a powerful institution
▪ REFORMS AND CRUSADES
 THE RENAISSANCE
 THE REFORMATION
 INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION *

3.  CAF SEGREGATION PROJECT, as usual.
 A surprise project which will be formally
introduced in class after the long break.

6.  Middle Ages  Vassal
 Franks  Knight
 Monastery  Serf
 Secular  Manor
 Carolingian Dynasty  Tithe
 Charlemage  Chivalry
 Lord  Tournament
 Fief  troubadour

7.  This period of history in Europe succeeded the
fall of the great Roman Empire.
 Medieval Europe – new institutions emerged
to replace those of the fallen Roman Empire.
 They were fragmented unlike the civilizations in
China and Southwest Asia.

9. ROMAN
EMPIRE

10. BROUGHT WITH THEM
 DISRUPTION OF TRADE  DECLINE OF LEARNING
 Business collapsed as a result  Germanic invaders: NO
of recurring invasions. READ, NO WRITE.
 DOWNFALL OF CITIES
 Romans abandoned cities as  LOSS OF A COMMON
centers of administration. LANGUAGE
 POPULATION SHIFTS  Latin began to be fragmented
 From city to countryside ▪ FRENCH
(URBAN to RURAL) ▪ SPANISH
▪ Other Roman based
languages

11.  Germanic kingdoms
replaced Roman provinces.
 Church is the only
institution which survived
the fall of the Roman
Empire.
 The Church provided order
and security.
 Important part in the
Medieval History of Europe.

12. ROMAN SOCIETY GERMANIC SOCIETY
 Loyalty to the public  Family ties and personal
government loyalty
 Written law  Unwritten rules and
traditions

13.  FRANKS are a Germanic people who held
power in the Roman province of Gaul.
 Their first king was named Clovis who was said to
have brought Christianity to this region.

14.  The Church in Rome welcomed Clovis’s
conversion and supported his military
campaigns against other Germanic peoples.
 This marked the beginning of an alliance between
two powerful forces/ institutions, the Kingdom
and the Church.

15.  POLITICS
 Church and King converted many Germanic
people.
 MISSIONARIES – borders of the Roman
Empire
 FEAR OF COASTAL ATTACKS BY MUSLIMS

16. BENEDICT SCHOLASTICA
 Wrote a book on practical  Adapted the same rules for
set of rules for women.
monasteries.
 MONASTERY- religious
communities that the
Church built to adapt to
rural conditions.

18.  SECULAR means
worldly, power
involved in politics.
 Gregory the Great
broadened the
authority of the
papacy.
 CENTRAL THEME:
Churchly kingdoms
ruled by a Pope

19. A
SECULARIZED
POPE
 POPE’S PALACE- center of the
Roman government.
CHANGES IN
 Church revenues for raising
THE POWER armies, repairing roads, helping
the poor.
OF THE POPE
 Negotiating peace treaties with
invaders (ex. Lombards)
 Pope being the Mayor of Rome

20.  Roman Empire was  Major Domo= mayors
divided. of the palace.
 England = seven tiny  Became the most
kingdoms. powerful person in the
 Franks = controlled Gaul, kingdom.
the largest and  In charge of the royal
strongest of Europe’s households and estates
kingdoms. (official responsibility)
 Clovis- first king of Gaul.  Commanded armies and
▪ Started and strengthened made policies.
the Merovingian Dynasty.

21. CHARLES MARTEL PEPIN THE SHORT
 Extended Franks’ reign to  Succeeded Charles Martel.
the North, South, and East
of Gaul.  Supported the Church in
their fight against the
 Also defeated a Muslim Lombards (invading
raiding party from Spain at Central Italy).
the Battle of Tours.
 “King by the Grace of God.”
 Started the Carolingian
Dynasty.

22.  Pepin the Short left two successors, Carloman
and Charles.
 CHARLES- would eventually be known as
Charlemagne.
 A tall, bold man who stood 6’4”
 Einhard says he was “the most potent prince with the
greatest skill and success in different countries during
the forty-seven years of his reign.”
 Doubled the area of his father’s reign
 His conquests helped spread Christianity
 Is the first German “Roman Emperor”.
 WHY WAS IT HISTORIC?

23.  Limited the authority  Encouraged learning
of the nobles  English, German,
Italian, and Spanish
 Regularly visited every scholars
part of his kingdom.  Opened a palace school
for the children at the
 Judged cases, settled court.
disputes, rewarded  Monasteries opened
schools that trained
followers. monks and priests

24.  Louis the Pious – devoutly a religious man
 Lothair
 Charles the Bald
 Louis the German
 TREATY OF VERDUN- divided Charlemagne’s
empire into 3 kingdoms.

25.  FAMILIARIZE YOURSELF WITH THE MAP OF
CHARLEMAGNE’S EMPIRE.

26.  WHAT IS FEUDALISM? WHERE DOES
FEUDALISM BASE ITS POWER? DESCRIBE THE
SOCIAL STRUCTURE PRESENT IN THIS
PERIOD.
 COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE FEUDALISM
THAT EXISTED IN JAPAN AND CHINA WITH THE
ONE THAT EXISTED IN EUROPE.
 DRAW THE TYPICAL MANOR THAT EXISTED
DURING THIS ERA.