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Safety & Security
Case Study Page0
Table of contents
Contents
Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………….. I
1.0: Introduction……………………………………...………………………..…. 1
2.0: Check In Counter...………………………………………..……………....... 1
3.0: Immigration………………...…………………….………………………….. 2
4.0: Custom….……………………………………………………………..….….. . 3
5.0: Flow chart of an EMBARK/ DISEMBARKING passenger …..................... 4
6.0: Comparison between 2 international airport……………………………….. 5
7.0:Changi International Airport…………………………………………………. 6
7.1: Security measurement…...…………………………………..... 6
7.2:Check In ………….……………………………………………. 8
7.3:Departure Check In Counter Layout…………………………. 9
7.4:Immigration & Custom……..…………………………………. 10
7.5:Airport Police Division………………………………………. … 11
7.6:Perimeter Gates/Fencing………………………………………. 12
8.0:Sydney International Airport………………………………………………….. 13
8.1:Custom & Check In Counter,Immigration…………………………… 13
8.2:Other Security Issues…………………………………………………… 14
9.0:Comparison&Recommendation………………………………………………. 15
10.0Conclusion………………………………………………………………………. 16
11.0:Bibliography……………………………………………………………………. 17
~………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……~
Safety & Security
Case Study Page1
Introduction
The most important security measures at an airport is such as confirming the identity
of travelers. This is done by checking a photo ID, such as a driver's license. If you are
traveling internationally, you need to present your passport. There's also security check before
embark and disembarking passenger and luggage.
Check In
Airport Check-in are service counters found at commercial airports handling
commercial air travel. The check-in is normally handled by an airline or a handling agent
working on behalf of an airline. Passengers usually hand over any baggage they do not wish
or are not allowed to carry-on to the aircraft's cabin and receive a boarding pass before they
can proceed to board their aircraft. They various of type of security that been provide at the
check in counter for safety of passenger boarding the aircraft.
Safety & Security
Case Study Page2
Immigration
Immigration responsible for:
Monitor persons who leave or enter the country,
Checking for appropriate documentation,
Arresting people wanted by international arrest warrants.
Block the entry of dangerous people to the country.
Safety & Security
Case Study Page3
Custom
Customs responsible for :
The processing of people, carriers, cargo, and mail into and out of the
country.(including animals & hazardous items)
The proper collection of taxes, fees, penalties for imported items.
The prohibition of narcotics and illegal drugs.
Safety & Security
Case Study Page4
Flow chart of an EMBARK/ DISEMBARKING passenger
This is the flowchart of section that passenger have to go through before get into
aircraft or out from aircraft.This section is where airport authority or Personnel wil put their
security measurement consist of people and equipment or machine.
Safety & Security
Case Study Page5
Safety & Security
Case Study Page6
Security measurement
WHAT ARE THE MEASURES?
The measures restrict the amount of liquids, aerosols and gels that passengers
can carry in hand-carry luggage on all flights departing from Changi Airport. The
guideline are :
Liquids, aerosols and gels must be in containers with a maximum capacity of not more
than 100ml each.
Containers must be placed in a transparent re-sealable plastic bag with a maximum
capacity not exceeding 1-litre.
Each passenger is allowed to carry only one transparent re-sealable plastic bag, which
must be presented separately for examination;
Exemptions will be made for medications, baby food and special dietary items. These
items will be subjected to additional checks at the security screening point.
Safety & Security
Case Study Page7
WHY HAVE THE SECURITY MEASURES BEEN IMPLEMENTED?
o International Civil Aviation Organization's (ICAO) recommendation- *Made
after the United Kingdom (UK) aviation terror plot in August 2006.
DO THE MEASURES APPLY TO BOTH ARRIVING AND DEPARTING
FLIGHTS AND AT WHICH AIRPORTS IN SINGAPORE?
o The measures apply to departing flights only
WHEN WERE THE MEASURES IMPLEMENTED?
o The measures were implemented on 8 May 2007.
ENSURE A SMOOTH TRANSITION THROUGH THE SECURITY
SCREENING POINTS?
o To facilitate their check-in and security screening processes, passengers are
advised to pack all liquid, aerosol and gel items appropriately before arriving at
the airport.
*The 2006 transatlantic aircraft plot was a terrorist plot to detonate liquid explosives carried
on board at least 10 airliners travelling from the United Kingdom to the United States and
Canada.
Safety & Security
Case Study Page8
Check In
Passengers are advised to check in for their flights early. Most airlines start operating
their Check-in counters at least 2 hours before flight departure. Before proceeding to the
Check-in counters, have your own valid passport, valid visa (if necessary) and air ticket ready.
If you have an e-ticket, bring along a print-out of your e-ticket.
All checked baggage will be screened by airport security. Passengers should not pack
any weapons, combustible items, explosive materials, toxic or other dangerous substances
into their Check-in baggage. This luggage will be screened before passengers board the plane.
Passengers may be required to have their checked baggage undergo further security screening
if deemed necessary.
All passengers will go through metal detector for body screening before boarding the
aircraft. Departing passengers are checked at the entrance of the gate rather than after
immigration . This security measure is easily noticed by the presence of X-Ray machines and
metal detectors at every gate which is not normally seen at other airports.
Safety & Security
Case Study Page9
Upon arrival at the airport, please refer to the Flight Information Boards and Plasma
Screens (conveniently located beyond the Departure Hall entryways) for your airline's check-
in row information. Many airlines offer Early and Off-Airport Check-In options. For greater
convenience, check-in "Off-Airport" anywhere you please via the internet or by phone. We
invite you to check-in early at the airport and enjoy Changi's great transit facilities, food and
beverages, and shopping!
Departure Check In Counter Layout
Safety & Security
Case Study Page10
Immigration
The Immigration Halls are located at the ground floor. There are two queuing areas -
one is for Singaporeans and residents, the other would be for all nationalities. All foreign
visitors are required to complete the disembarkation/embarkation (D/E) card and have valid
travel documents and visa (if applicable) before proceeding for immigration clearance.
Custom
Upon your arrival at the Singapore Changi Airport, your baggage will be subjected to
checks by the Immigration and Checkpoints Authority and other security agencies.
Under Singapore law, prohibited items such as arms and explosives, bullet-proof
clothing, antique guns, toy guns and swords etc require authorization from the Police
Licensing & Regulatory Department of the Singapore Police Force.
If you have prohibited items in your possession, please declare them and produce valid
permits or authorization documents. Your understanding and cooperation will help speed up
checkpoints clearance and prevent further verification by the authorities which may result in
administrative and personal inconveniences.
Police dog services for explosive detection, drug detection and other purposes.
Safety & Security
Case Study Page11
Airport Police Division
The Airport Police Division was formed on 1 Nov 1970 when the State Police
assumed the responsibility for airport security at Changi Airport - Deal with ever changing
security challenges.
Responsible for the maintenance of law and order which encompasses the Singapore
Changi Airport - The Appropriate Authority for security at the airport.
APD maintains Law regulated by Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS),
Immigration & Checkpoints Authority ( ICA ) and other government agencies, as well as
Changi Airport Group ( CAG ).
Safety & Security
Case Study Page12
Perimeter Gates/Fencing
Patrol teams of two soldiers and a police officer armed with machine guns monitoring
around the terminals at random.Also been Monitoring by CCTV. Install over 400 cameras to
monitor the airport. Electric monitoring of the perimeter fence; and the screening of personnel
and cargo entering through the control gates
Safety & Security
Case Study Page13
Sydney International Airport
The main focus on security measurement
They inspect goods, search passengers
Detect smuggling activities and monitor exit and departure flows.
The Border Police operate on an information and profiling system
Spot checks are also made on incoming and outgoing cargo goods and passengers.
Custom & Check In Counter
There is no x-ray scanner big enough to inspect an entire container(cargo).Currently
the Border Police at the Sydney Airport have only hand-held x-ray scanners to search for
drugs and explosives. Current pallet-sized x-ray scanner too small for the purposes of the
police scanning procedure.
Immigration
The documentation verification system is still manual for passenger & cargo.
Information not centralize & not link. Border Police had no access to Customs to get
information.
Safety & Security
Case Study Page14
Other Security Issues
Shortage of staff - Border Police at the Sydney Airport need more members who are
specifically trained to undertake physical inspections.71 Because of the current
shortage of trained personnel, not all profiled cargo and passengers documentation can
be inspected accurately
Didn’t Separate between domestic & international pax -The mixing of international
and domestic cargo create more security problem
Lack of scanner capacity.
No (walk-through metal detectors)
Poor fencing
Poor reporting of security issues
o Smuggling detected by other security personnel goes unreported – poor link
Lack of surveillance system for Freight and Terminal systems
o No CCTV cameras linked to a central control room
o Problem lost , damage , stolen luggage
o Not enough CCTV cameras to cover their operations
Poor organization structure
o Overlapping responsibility
Safety & Security
Case Study Page15
Comparison between 2 international airport security measurements
Both Airport similar on early check in security check.Also both have Police
department division.Baggage will be subjected to checks by the Immigration and
Checkpoints Authority and other security agencies. Other security measurement like metal
and other restricted luggage are same.
Changi:Restrict on liquid and passenger hand-carry luggage.Departing passengers are
checked at entrance get rather than after immigration.Fencing monitoring regularly by
personnel and CCTV.Passenger have to go through metal detector. Enough scanner x-ray.
Sydney :Restrict to smuggling activities.Departing passengers checked at the
immigration.Fencing didn’t monitor by security and no CCTV. No metal detector for
departing passengers.Easy to smuggling things.Lack of surveillance system.There is no x-
ray scanner big enough to inspect an entire container(cargo).Only hand-held x-ray
scanners to search for drugs and explosives.
Recommendation for future development
General Electric (GE) started to develop the Secure Registered Traveler System. The
new system would use newly developed technology such as automated carry-on scanning,
automatic biological pathogen detection, millimeter-wave full body scanning and a quadruple
resonance carpet that would detect threats in shoes without having to take them off. The SRT
program also works with smartcard technology along with fingerprint technology to
helpverify passengers. The fingerprint scanner also detects for explosive material traces on the
person's fingers.
Demand for new technology in airport security increasing
Safety & Security
Case Study Page16
Conclusion
International safety measures are in place to protect you and your loved
ones when travelling. It is important to comply with these measures, as failure to
do so could endanger the safety of all passengers on board the aircraft. It is also
an offence if you fail to comply with them. Safety and security is a top priority
for all air travelers.
….Statically speaking Air
Transport still the safest
way to travel……………….
Clark Kent
Bibliography
Safety & Security
Case Study Page17
wikipedia. (2006, 06 04). Retrieved from http://wikipedia.com/safetysecurity
Dictionary, A. (1999). US airforce dictionary. Retrieved from http://USairforce
Elbert, R. (2005). Safety andsecurity measurement
ICAO. (2001, july 2). PDF. Retrieved from http://ICAO/airport annexes
NASA. (n.d.). NASA Theasaurus. Retrieved from Washington DC.
Changiinternationalairport. Retrieved from http://www.changi.com/
Sydneyinternationalairport. Retrieved from http://www.sydneyairport.com/
SPECIAL THANKS
TO
Malaysia Airport Holdings
Berhad
(MAHB)

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Safety & Security Airports comparison

  • 1. Safety & Security Case Study Page0 Table of contents Contents Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………….. I 1.0: Introduction……………………………………...………………………..…. 1 2.0: Check In Counter...………………………………………..……………....... 1 3.0: Immigration………………...…………………….………………………….. 2 4.0: Custom….……………………………………………………………..….….. . 3 5.0: Flow chart of an EMBARK/ DISEMBARKING passenger …..................... 4 6.0: Comparison between 2 international airport……………………………….. 5 7.0:Changi International Airport…………………………………………………. 6 7.1: Security measurement…...…………………………………..... 6 7.2:Check In ………….……………………………………………. 8 7.3:Departure Check In Counter Layout…………………………. 9 7.4:Immigration & Custom……..…………………………………. 10 7.5:Airport Police Division………………………………………. … 11 7.6:Perimeter Gates/Fencing………………………………………. 12 8.0:Sydney International Airport………………………………………………….. 13 8.1:Custom & Check In Counter,Immigration…………………………… 13 8.2:Other Security Issues…………………………………………………… 14 9.0:Comparison&Recommendation………………………………………………. 15 10.0Conclusion………………………………………………………………………. 16 11.0:Bibliography……………………………………………………………………. 17 ~………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……~
  • 2. Safety & Security Case Study Page1 Introduction The most important security measures at an airport is such as confirming the identity of travelers. This is done by checking a photo ID, such as a driver's license. If you are traveling internationally, you need to present your passport. There's also security check before embark and disembarking passenger and luggage. Check In Airport Check-in are service counters found at commercial airports handling commercial air travel. The check-in is normally handled by an airline or a handling agent working on behalf of an airline. Passengers usually hand over any baggage they do not wish or are not allowed to carry-on to the aircraft's cabin and receive a boarding pass before they can proceed to board their aircraft. They various of type of security that been provide at the check in counter for safety of passenger boarding the aircraft.
  • 3. Safety & Security Case Study Page2 Immigration Immigration responsible for: Monitor persons who leave or enter the country, Checking for appropriate documentation, Arresting people wanted by international arrest warrants. Block the entry of dangerous people to the country.
  • 4. Safety & Security Case Study Page3 Custom Customs responsible for : The processing of people, carriers, cargo, and mail into and out of the country.(including animals & hazardous items) The proper collection of taxes, fees, penalties for imported items. The prohibition of narcotics and illegal drugs.
  • 5. Safety & Security Case Study Page4 Flow chart of an EMBARK/ DISEMBARKING passenger This is the flowchart of section that passenger have to go through before get into aircraft or out from aircraft.This section is where airport authority or Personnel wil put their security measurement consist of people and equipment or machine.
  • 7. Safety & Security Case Study Page6 Security measurement WHAT ARE THE MEASURES? The measures restrict the amount of liquids, aerosols and gels that passengers can carry in hand-carry luggage on all flights departing from Changi Airport. The guideline are : Liquids, aerosols and gels must be in containers with a maximum capacity of not more than 100ml each. Containers must be placed in a transparent re-sealable plastic bag with a maximum capacity not exceeding 1-litre. Each passenger is allowed to carry only one transparent re-sealable plastic bag, which must be presented separately for examination; Exemptions will be made for medications, baby food and special dietary items. These items will be subjected to additional checks at the security screening point.
  • 8. Safety & Security Case Study Page7 WHY HAVE THE SECURITY MEASURES BEEN IMPLEMENTED? o International Civil Aviation Organization's (ICAO) recommendation- *Made after the United Kingdom (UK) aviation terror plot in August 2006. DO THE MEASURES APPLY TO BOTH ARRIVING AND DEPARTING FLIGHTS AND AT WHICH AIRPORTS IN SINGAPORE? o The measures apply to departing flights only WHEN WERE THE MEASURES IMPLEMENTED? o The measures were implemented on 8 May 2007. ENSURE A SMOOTH TRANSITION THROUGH THE SECURITY SCREENING POINTS? o To facilitate their check-in and security screening processes, passengers are advised to pack all liquid, aerosol and gel items appropriately before arriving at the airport. *The 2006 transatlantic aircraft plot was a terrorist plot to detonate liquid explosives carried on board at least 10 airliners travelling from the United Kingdom to the United States and Canada.
  • 9. Safety & Security Case Study Page8 Check In Passengers are advised to check in for their flights early. Most airlines start operating their Check-in counters at least 2 hours before flight departure. Before proceeding to the Check-in counters, have your own valid passport, valid visa (if necessary) and air ticket ready. If you have an e-ticket, bring along a print-out of your e-ticket. All checked baggage will be screened by airport security. Passengers should not pack any weapons, combustible items, explosive materials, toxic or other dangerous substances into their Check-in baggage. This luggage will be screened before passengers board the plane. Passengers may be required to have their checked baggage undergo further security screening if deemed necessary. All passengers will go through metal detector for body screening before boarding the aircraft. Departing passengers are checked at the entrance of the gate rather than after immigration . This security measure is easily noticed by the presence of X-Ray machines and metal detectors at every gate which is not normally seen at other airports.
  • 10. Safety & Security Case Study Page9 Upon arrival at the airport, please refer to the Flight Information Boards and Plasma Screens (conveniently located beyond the Departure Hall entryways) for your airline's check- in row information. Many airlines offer Early and Off-Airport Check-In options. For greater convenience, check-in "Off-Airport" anywhere you please via the internet or by phone. We invite you to check-in early at the airport and enjoy Changi's great transit facilities, food and beverages, and shopping! Departure Check In Counter Layout
  • 11. Safety & Security Case Study Page10 Immigration The Immigration Halls are located at the ground floor. There are two queuing areas - one is for Singaporeans and residents, the other would be for all nationalities. All foreign visitors are required to complete the disembarkation/embarkation (D/E) card and have valid travel documents and visa (if applicable) before proceeding for immigration clearance. Custom Upon your arrival at the Singapore Changi Airport, your baggage will be subjected to checks by the Immigration and Checkpoints Authority and other security agencies. Under Singapore law, prohibited items such as arms and explosives, bullet-proof clothing, antique guns, toy guns and swords etc require authorization from the Police Licensing & Regulatory Department of the Singapore Police Force. If you have prohibited items in your possession, please declare them and produce valid permits or authorization documents. Your understanding and cooperation will help speed up checkpoints clearance and prevent further verification by the authorities which may result in administrative and personal inconveniences. Police dog services for explosive detection, drug detection and other purposes.
  • 12. Safety & Security Case Study Page11 Airport Police Division The Airport Police Division was formed on 1 Nov 1970 when the State Police assumed the responsibility for airport security at Changi Airport - Deal with ever changing security challenges. Responsible for the maintenance of law and order which encompasses the Singapore Changi Airport - The Appropriate Authority for security at the airport. APD maintains Law regulated by Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS), Immigration & Checkpoints Authority ( ICA ) and other government agencies, as well as Changi Airport Group ( CAG ).
  • 13. Safety & Security Case Study Page12 Perimeter Gates/Fencing Patrol teams of two soldiers and a police officer armed with machine guns monitoring around the terminals at random.Also been Monitoring by CCTV. Install over 400 cameras to monitor the airport. Electric monitoring of the perimeter fence; and the screening of personnel and cargo entering through the control gates
  • 14. Safety & Security Case Study Page13 Sydney International Airport The main focus on security measurement They inspect goods, search passengers Detect smuggling activities and monitor exit and departure flows. The Border Police operate on an information and profiling system Spot checks are also made on incoming and outgoing cargo goods and passengers. Custom & Check In Counter There is no x-ray scanner big enough to inspect an entire container(cargo).Currently the Border Police at the Sydney Airport have only hand-held x-ray scanners to search for drugs and explosives. Current pallet-sized x-ray scanner too small for the purposes of the police scanning procedure. Immigration The documentation verification system is still manual for passenger & cargo. Information not centralize & not link. Border Police had no access to Customs to get information.
  • 15. Safety & Security Case Study Page14 Other Security Issues Shortage of staff - Border Police at the Sydney Airport need more members who are specifically trained to undertake physical inspections.71 Because of the current shortage of trained personnel, not all profiled cargo and passengers documentation can be inspected accurately Didn’t Separate between domestic & international pax -The mixing of international and domestic cargo create more security problem Lack of scanner capacity. No (walk-through metal detectors) Poor fencing Poor reporting of security issues o Smuggling detected by other security personnel goes unreported – poor link Lack of surveillance system for Freight and Terminal systems o No CCTV cameras linked to a central control room o Problem lost , damage , stolen luggage o Not enough CCTV cameras to cover their operations Poor organization structure o Overlapping responsibility
  • 16. Safety & Security Case Study Page15 Comparison between 2 international airport security measurements Both Airport similar on early check in security check.Also both have Police department division.Baggage will be subjected to checks by the Immigration and Checkpoints Authority and other security agencies. Other security measurement like metal and other restricted luggage are same. Changi:Restrict on liquid and passenger hand-carry luggage.Departing passengers are checked at entrance get rather than after immigration.Fencing monitoring regularly by personnel and CCTV.Passenger have to go through metal detector. Enough scanner x-ray. Sydney :Restrict to smuggling activities.Departing passengers checked at the immigration.Fencing didn’t monitor by security and no CCTV. No metal detector for departing passengers.Easy to smuggling things.Lack of surveillance system.There is no x- ray scanner big enough to inspect an entire container(cargo).Only hand-held x-ray scanners to search for drugs and explosives. Recommendation for future development General Electric (GE) started to develop the Secure Registered Traveler System. The new system would use newly developed technology such as automated carry-on scanning, automatic biological pathogen detection, millimeter-wave full body scanning and a quadruple resonance carpet that would detect threats in shoes without having to take them off. The SRT program also works with smartcard technology along with fingerprint technology to helpverify passengers. The fingerprint scanner also detects for explosive material traces on the person's fingers. Demand for new technology in airport security increasing
  • 17. Safety & Security Case Study Page16 Conclusion International safety measures are in place to protect you and your loved ones when travelling. It is important to comply with these measures, as failure to do so could endanger the safety of all passengers on board the aircraft. It is also an offence if you fail to comply with them. Safety and security is a top priority for all air travelers. ….Statically speaking Air Transport still the safest way to travel………………. Clark Kent Bibliography
  • 18. Safety & Security Case Study Page17 wikipedia. (2006, 06 04). Retrieved from http://wikipedia.com/safetysecurity Dictionary, A. (1999). US airforce dictionary. Retrieved from http://USairforce Elbert, R. (2005). Safety andsecurity measurement ICAO. (2001, july 2). PDF. Retrieved from http://ICAO/airport annexes NASA. (n.d.). NASA Theasaurus. Retrieved from Washington DC. Changiinternationalairport. Retrieved from http://www.changi.com/ Sydneyinternationalairport. Retrieved from http://www.sydneyairport.com/ SPECIAL THANKS TO Malaysia Airport Holdings Berhad (MAHB)